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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Sustainability and the common good: Catholic Social Teaching and ‘Integral Ecology’ as contributions to a framework of social values for sustainability transitions

Christie, I.; Gunton R. M., Hejnowicz A.P. IR3S (2019) C1

Sustainability Science (2019) 14:1343–1354

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Plausible role for CHW peer support groups in increasing care-seeking in an integrated community case management project in Rwanda: a mixed methods evaluation

Langston, A., Weiss, J., Landegger, J., et al. Global Health: Science and Practice (2014) CC

The Kabeho Mwana project (2006–2011) supported the Rwanda Ministry of Health (MOH) in scaling up integrated community case management (iCCM) of childhood illness in 6 of Rwanda’s 30 districts. The project trained and equipped community health workers (CHWs) according to national guidelines. In p... more

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Transmission dynamics and control of Ebola virus disease (EVD): a review

Chowell and Nishiura (2014)

BMC Medicine 2014, 12:196 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/12/196

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Environmentalism and Development in Catholic Social Teaching: a case of the Encyclical Laudato Si

Pavic, Z. ; Sundalic, A. Strossmayer J.J: et al. Research Gate (2016) C1

God. XXIX, BR. 2/2016. str. 323-334 In this paper an attempt has been made to contextualize the ecological dimension of contemporary Catholic social teaching. With this aim in mind, the authors discuss the merits of several theories and approaches (political economy approaches, ecological moderni... more

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Improving medicines access and use for child health: a guide to developing interventions

Ross-Degnan, D., Vialle-Valentin, C., and Briggs, J. USAID, SIAPS (Systems for Improved Access to Pharmaceuticals and Services) (2015) C1

Submitted to the US Agency for International Development by the Systems for Improved Access to Pharmaceuticals and Services (SIAPS) Program. This manual provides a framework to identify problems and design interventions to improve access to and use of medicines for children. It is a resource for ... more

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iSupport, an online training and support program for caregivers of people with dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial in India

Mehta, M.K.; et al. (2018) CC

Trials (2018) 19:271 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2604-9 Based on the findings of this trial, we will examine the potential use and scale up of iSupport for caregiver distress in India. This style of online self-help programs could be expanded to other regions or countries or to other suitabl... more

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Early versus late BCG vaccination in HIV-1- exposed infants in Uganda: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

V. Nankabirwa , J. K. Tumwine, O. Namugga, et al. Trials; BooMed Central (2017) CC

Trials (2017) 18:152, DOI 10.1186/s13063-017-1881-z

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When could new antiretrovirals be recommended for national treatment programmes in low-income and middle-income countries: results of a WHO Think Tank

M. Vitoriaa; N. Forda; P. Clayden; et al. Wolters Kluwer Health; World Health Organization (2017) C2

Review www.co-hivandaids.com Volume 12 􏰀 Number 4 􏰀 July 2017

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Implementation science in low-resource settings: using the interactive systems framework to improve hand hygiene in a tertiary hospital in Ghana

Kallam, B.; C. Pettitt-Schieber, M. Owen, et al. (2019) CC

International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 2018, 30(9), 724–730 Promoting hand hygiene in a neonatal intensive care unit.

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The number of people exposed to water stress in relation to how much water is reserved for the environment: a global modelling study

Vanham, D.; L. Alfieri, M. Flörke et al. The Lancet, Planetary Health (2021) CC

The Lancet, Planetary Health Volume 5, ISSUE 11, e766-e774, November 01, 2021 Increasing human demand for water and changes in water availability due to climate change threatens water security worldwide. Additionally, exploitation of water resources induces stress on freshwater environments, leadi... more

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Progress towards the UNAIDS 90–90-90 goals by age and gender in a rural area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a household-based community cross-sectional survey

H. Huerga; G. van Cutsem; J. B. Farhat; et al. MBC Public Health; BioMed Central (2018) CC

BMC Public Health, Volume 18, Article number: 303 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5208-0 Published: 02 March 2018

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Associations of the built environment with type 2 diabetes in Asia: a systematic review

Aarthi, G.R.; Begum, T. S. M.; Al Moosawi, S.; et al. BMJ Open (2023) CC2

Objectives Our study aimed to systematically review the literature and synthesise findings on potential associations of built environment characteristics with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Asia.

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Identifying characteristics associated with performing recommended practices in maternal and newborn care among health facilities in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study

Sipsma, H.L., Curry, L.A., Kakoma, J.P., Linnander, E.L., & Bradley, E.H. Human Resources for Health (2012) CC

This study examined the quality of facility-based maternal and newborn health care by describing the implementation of recommended practices for maternal and newborn care among health care facilities to determine whether increased training, supervision, and incentives for health workers were associa... more

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The Importance of Contextual Factors in Carrying Out Childhood Violence Surveys: a Case Study from Indonesia

L. Rumble, A. A. Ramly, M. Nuryana, et al. (2017) C1

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Assessing post-traumatic stress disorder in South African adolescents: using the child and adolescent trauma survey (CATS) as a screening tool

Suliman, S., Kaminer, D., Seedat, S. & Steinm D.J. Annals of General Psychiatry (2005) CC

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that South African children and adolescents are exposed to high levels of violent trauma with a significant proportion developing PTSD, however, limited resources make it difficult to accurately identify traumatized children. Conclusions: Our result... more

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Single-Dose Cholera Vaccine in Response to an Outbreak in Zambia

Ferreras, E.; (2018) C2

The study on single-dose cholera vaccine in Zambia evaluates the effectiveness of using a single dose of the oral cholera vaccine (OCV) during a 2016 outbreak in Lusaka. Due to limited vaccine supply, authorities opted for a one-dose emergency campaign instead of the usual two-dose regimen. A matche... more

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Economic burden of cholera in Asia

Vittal Mogasalea, Vijayalaxmi V. Mogasale; Amber Hsiao Elsevier Ltd (2019) CC

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.099 The article "Economic burden of cholera in Asia" examines the financial impact of cholera in 14 Asian countries. It analyzes costs related to treatment, out-of-pocket expenses, and lost productivity due to illness and premature deaths. The study estimat... more

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A.1 Этика и международная детская и подростковая психиатрия

Adrian Sondheimer, Joseph M Rey, Переводчик: Константин Мужановский International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions (2015) C1

Тщательно взвесив все за и против, мы предлагаем в начальной главе первого учебника по детской и подростковой психиатрии IACAPAP сосредоточить внимание на взаимоотно... more

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World Health Organization-World Federation of Societiesof Anaesthesiologists (WHO-WFSA) International Standardsfor a Safe Practice of Anesthesia

A.W. Gelb, W.W. Morriss, W. Johnson, et al. (2018) CC

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth June 2018, Volume 65, Issue 6, pp 698–708