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This report is primarily intended for the community of policymakers and researchers concerned about the rising risks of domestic, regional, and global infectious disease epidemics, and the collectiv
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e failure to take the coordinated actions required to reduce such risks. These risks include the expected health, economic, and societal costs that are borne by countries, regions, and even all nations in the case of pandemics (which are worldwide epidemics). These risks also include the consequences of increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its spread within regions and globally. A necessary first step is to monitor whether a broad range of stakeholders are acting to prevent outbreaks from becoming epidemics, whether their capacities to respond to epidemics are robust, and whether preparedness to respond to pandemics and limit the resulting economic and health damage is improving. Analyzing the adequacy of these efforts is vitally important for the decisions of policymakers to invest in the public health and disaster-risk management capacities. Early and effective control of disease outbreaks prevents substantial health and economic costs whether or not the disease can spread globally and become a pandemic.
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The primary objective of the 2015-16 MDHS project is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators. Specifically, the
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MDHS collected information on fertility levels, marriage, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, nutrition, maternal and child health and mortality, awareness and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and other health-related issues such as smoking and knowledge of tuberculosis. As the 2015-16 MDHS is the first DHS survey in the country, trend analysis is not carried out in this report.
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Child and adolescent mental health policy in South Africa: history, current policy development and implementation, and policy analysis
S. Mokitimi; M. Schneider; P. J. de Vries
International Journal of Mental Health Systems; BioMed Central
(2018)
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Mental health problems represent the greatest global burden of disease among children and adolescents. There is, however, lack of policy developmen
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t and implementation for child and adolescent mental health (CAMH), particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where children and adolescents represent up to 50% of populations. South Africa, an upper-middle income country is often regarded as advanced in health and social policy-making and implementation in comparison to other LMICs. It is, however, not clear whether this is the case for CAMH.
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Report of the WHO Technical Advisory Group | 12 August 2016 | Geneva, Switzerland
Spread of resistance to antimicrobial agents (AMR) does not know national borders and has reached dimensions, which require immediate actions at the national, regional and global levels.
Antibiotic resistance is a natural biological response to imp
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roper use of antimicrobial agents (AMA); increasing number of essential drugs, which become ineffective, contributing to selection, survival and replication of resistant strains of microorganisms. When chosen antimicrobials prove to be ineffective, the second- or third-line drugs need to be used although
in the majority of cases these drugs are more expensive, less safe and not always available.
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Revised Guidelines for Dialysis of COVID – 19 patients
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
(2020)
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Accessed: 20.04.2020
Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition National Guidelines
The Compendium of data and evidence-related tools for use in TB planning and programming was developed as a companion document to the People-centred framework for tuberculosis programme planning and prioritization – user guide, pu
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blished by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019. The compendium is intended to support implementation of the people-centred framework user guide. It can also be used independently to inform decisions taken by national tuberculosis (TB) programmes about the implementation of the tools included in this document.
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This guideline aims to improve the quality of donations and the management thereof and serve as the basis for policies of the State and other organizations in the giving and receiving
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of donations of medicines, medical devices and IVDs.
Over the last three or four decades, there has been an enormous increase in scientific knowledge about the mode of action, effects and side effects of medicines, medical devices and IVDs. It is important for all
stakeholders to understand that these products have both benefits and risks, that they have to be used carefully and appropriately and that some can do more harm than good.
There are many different scenarios for the donation of medicines, medical devices and IVDs. Donations may take place in acute emergencies or as part of development aid in non-emergency situations. They may involve donations (i.e. direct or through private voluntary organizations), aid by governments or persons authorized to sell medicines, medical devices and/or IVDs.
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The World Health Organization and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria are part of a group of agencies working together to accel
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erate progress towards the health-related SDGs through the Global Action Plan for Healthy Lives and Well-being for All. Understanding patterns of inequalities in these diseases is essential for taking strategic, evidence-informed action to realize our shared vision of ending the epidemics of HIV, TB and malaria.
This report presents the first comprehensive analysis of the magnitude and patterns of socioeconomic, demographic and geographic inequalities in disease burden and access to services for prevention and treatment.
The results confirm there have been improvements in service coverage and decreased disease burden at the national level over the past decade. But they also reveal an uncomfortable reality: unfair inequalities between population subgroups within countries are widespread and have remained largely unchanged over the past decade. For some disease indicators, inequalities are even worsening.
Moreover, the report points to the persistent lack of available data to fully understand inequality patterns in HIV, TB and malaria. Collecting data to improve the monitoring of inequalities in these diseases is vital to develop targeted responses for impact.
There are, encouragingly, isolated successes in reducing inequities. Change is possible when deliberate action is taken to reach disadvantaged populations.
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20 April 2022. The response to the COVID-19 pandemic continues to adversely affect essential TB services in many countries. A first report of case studies was published in 2021 comprising 23 examples of
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innovative interventions implemented by countries to effectively respond to disruptions of TB services caused or exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This second, consolidated report incorporates new case studies, as well as updates to previously reported case studies
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The National Strategic Plan on Malaria Prevention and Elimination Period 2021 – 2025 seeks to build on the previous national successes of the National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and E
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ntomology (NIMPE) while addressing current challenges to reduce the overall burden of malaria in the Southern and Central provinces and to initiate elimination activities in remaining focal areas of transmission throughout the country. The overall targets proposed to be reached by 2025 are:
Reduce malaria morbidity rate to below 0.015/1,000 population
Reduce malaria mortality rate to below 0.002/100,000 population
Eliminate malaria in 55 provinces
Ensure no malaria outbreaks
To address the urgent threat of drug resistance, Viet Nam has committed to accelerate efforts to eliminate locally-acquired P. falciparum by 2023.
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Interim Guidance. This document provides guidance for: screening and triage of pregnant women in the context of an Ebola outbreak; infection prevention and control (IPC) precautions for pregnant w
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omen at risk of EVD transmission during childbirth and complication management; management of pregnant EVD cases, contacts and survivors; lactation and Ebola virus disease.
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