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On 13 August 2024, the Africa Centres for Disease Control (Africa CDC) declared the multi-country mpox outbreak a public health emergency of continental security, with strong recommendations to improve surveillance and vaccine deployment in all AU Member States. On 14 August 2024, the WHO Director-G
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eneral declared mpox outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC).
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WHO guideline on balanced national controlled medicines policies to ensure medical access and safety
Access to medicines is essential for attainment of universal health coverage, which is central to achievement of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals. Controlled medicines include those such as opioids, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, amphetamines and others with identified or emergent cl
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inical indications. WHO recognizes that these medicines are necessary for pre- and post-operative care, for sedation, for the management of both acute and chronic pain, for palliative care, as anticonvulsants (anti-epileptics), for the management of anxiety disorders and for the management of substance use disorders, including as opioid agonist therapy (OAT).
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he UNFPA “Programmatic guidelines: Cash and Voucher Assistance in Sexual and Reproductive Health programming in Emergencies” explains how CVA can be effectively integrated into humanitarian responses to help women, girls, and other vulnerable groups access lifesaving and comprehensive SRH servic
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es. Rooted in UNFPA’s mandate, this document provides practical direction for designing, implementing, and monitoring CVA within SRH programming.
The guidance highlights the barriers that hinder access to SRH care, such as affordability, availability, acceptability, and appropriateness, and illustrates how CVA can address financial obstacles by covering transport, user fees, or other indirect costs, while reinforcing health system strengthening efforts. CVA is presented as a complementary tool that supports both emergency and long-term SRH goals. Within humanitarian emergencies, it can contribute directly to achieving MISP objectives, including:
Enabling survivors of sexual violence to access clinical and psychosocial care;
Supporting the continuation of HIV and STI treatment, including coverage of transport;
Facilitating safe deliveries and emergency obstetric and newborn care; and
Removing financial barriers to voluntary family planning and contraceptive access, while ensuring informed choice and avoiding coercion.
Beyond the MISP, CVA also supports the transition to comprehensive SRH services in protracted emergencies and recovery phases. Examples include using cash or vouchers to encourage antenatal and postnatal care, ensure menstrual hygiene, sustain cancer prevention and treatment, fund obstetric fistula repair, and promote SRH education among adolescents.
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PHSM are vital in reducing the risk and scale of infectious disease transmission and lowering hospitalization and deaths. Examples include contact tracing, quarantine and isolation, mask use, ventilation, school or workplace measures, mobility restrictions and travel requirements.
While these mea
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sures are essential, decision-making on PHSM becomes particularly complex during rapidly evolving health emergencies, with incomplete information and under significant public and political pressure, especially when the pathogen is novel or poorly understood. In such contexts, guidance needs to be agile and responsive, developed and adapted based on emerging evidence and shifting epidemiological patterns. Decision-makers are frequently confronted with difficult trade-offs, having to balance measures that are:
─ effective but socially disruptive;
─ cost-effective but logistically burdensome;
─ beneficial for public health but economically disruptive; or
─ practical but inequitable or unethical
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AIDS 2024, 38:1579–1588. Treatment interruptions are a barrier to successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). 'Fresh start messages', which leverage significant days on the calendar (e.g., new year, public holiday) in order to prompt action, have the potential to encourage people with HIV (PWH) to re
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turn to care. We evaluated a 'fresh start' intervention (text messages) to increase return to care in PWH who had missed their last appointment.
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This guideline includes 48 updated and new evidence-based recommendations related to MNS conditions. The guideline is targeted towards non-specialized health workers at primary- or secondary-level healthcare facilities, or those working at the district level including basic inpatient and outpatient
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services.
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Rights of employees who are HIV-positive. HIV-positive employees will be protected against discrimination, victimisation or harassment
Technology and digital tools are transforming everyday life, opening new opportunities for women and girls—but they are also being weaponized to harass, threaten, and silence them online. Technology-facilitated violence against women and girls (TF VAWG) is now a defining challenge for gender equal
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ity, closely linked to violence offline and shaped by deep-rooted discrimination.
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In response to the growing necessity for accurate and timely information regarding deaths categorized by age, sex, and cause of death, underscored by the profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) developed the Continental Framework d
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esigned to fortify mortality surveillance within the African Union Member States. This Operational Guide is a comprehensive companion, delineating specific activities harmonized with the framework.
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This issue brief provides information about TB and HIV clinical trials and research programs
impacted by U.S. government funding disruptions, and proposes urgent actions that
donor agencies, governments, and philanthropies can take to preserve scientific advances
underway and prevent the collapse
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of TB and HIV medical research in South Africa
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A service guide for site operations
The guide presents a structured framework covering assessment and planning, service delivery models, integration with broader health and social services, monitoring, and sustainability. It emphasizes community leadership, human rights, equitable access and adaptation to local contexts, including clo
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sed settings. Practical tools are included to support implementation and accelerate progress towards global targets for controlling HIV and eliminating viral hepatitis epidemics.
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Populations affected by emergencies are continually at risk of outbreaks of epidemic-prone diseases and other public health hazards. This operational guidance aims to guide decision-making on when and how to implement and strengthen Early Warning Alert and Response (EWAR) in preparation for and resp
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onse to emergencies. Each module aims to provide updated operational guidance for EWAR practices, which may be more easily understood and applied during emergencies. Through its application, this operational guidance aims to contribute to:
- earlier detection of acute public health events
- earlier and more effective response
- reduced impact of emergencies on health
- increased trust of the population in the (public) health system
- fulfilling our collective commitments to the International Health Regulations (IHR,
2005).
This guidance was developed jointly by 69 experts from more than 20 organizations from global level to country level.
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The NIAID Pandemic Preparedness Plan describes the strategy of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to strengthen research and development for future pandemic threats. The plan focuses on identifying and studying viruses with the potential to cause epidemics or pandemics
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and developing medical countermeasures such as vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics. A key concept is the research on “prototype pathogens,” which represent virus families that may cause future outbreaks, allowing scientists to prepare tools and knowledge in advance. The document also outlines the importance of surveillance, epidemiological research, technological innovation, clinical trials and international collaboration to enable a faster and more effective response to emerging infectious diseases. Overall, the plan aims to improve scientific preparedness so that new health threats can be detected earlier and controlled more rapidly.
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Program implementation orientation and training Day 1
This issue brief aims to provide a comprehensive overview of key publications, guidelines, and practical materials on malaria prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The selected documents reflect current evidence and field-based experiences, supporting healthcare professionals, researchers, and publ
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ic health authorities in their efforts to control and eliminate malaria.
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Indicators and questions to monitor progress towards the Global AIDS Strategy 2026-2031 targets
The RRT Best Practices Manual
recommended
Key Components of Effective Rapid Response for Food and Feed Emergencies
