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Infographic
PHSM are vital in reducing the risk and scale of infectious disease transmission and lowering hospitalization and deaths. Examples include contact tracing, quarantine and isolation, mask use, ventilation, school or workplace measures, mobility restrictions and travel requirements.
While these mea
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sures are essential, decision-making on PHSM becomes particularly complex during rapidly evolving health emergencies, with incomplete information and under significant public and political pressure, especially when the pathogen is novel or poorly understood. In such contexts, guidance needs to be agile and responsive, developed and adapted based on emerging evidence and shifting epidemiological patterns. Decision-makers are frequently confronted with difficult trade-offs, having to balance measures that are:
─ effective but socially disruptive;
─ cost-effective but logistically burdensome;
─ beneficial for public health but economically disruptive; or
─ practical but inequitable or unethical
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Developed through broad and inclusive consultation, and aligned with the WHO Global Health Sector Strategies and the Sustainable Development Goals, the framework promotes a people-centred approach and antimicrobial stewardship across 5 key domains:
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prevention and response, surveillance, research and innovation, laboratory capacity, and governance.
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The text “Pathogen Genomic Surveillance Policy Framework (2023)” is a strategic framework developed by Africa CDC to strengthen genomic surveillance of pathogens in the Member States of the Afri
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can Union.
Its content focuses on how African countries can systematically integrate genome sequencing into their public health systems in order to detect infectious diseases more rapidly, monitor outbreaks more effectively, and support evidence-based public health decision-making.
The report was developed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which demonstrated the importance of genomic surveillance for identifying virus variants and enabling effective crisis management. The aim of the framework is to sustainably expand the capacities built during the pandemic and to apply them to additional pathogens beyond COVID-19.
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The webpage “Emergency Response Framework” on the OpenWHO platform provides learning materials that introduce the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Emergency Response Framework (ERF). The
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framework explains how WHO organizes and manages responses to public health emergencies, including how events are assessed, graded and coordinated at global, regional and country levels. The training content presents key concepts such as emergency management principles, the Incident Management System, coordination structures, and the roles and responsibilities of WHO staff and partners during health crises. Overall, the webpage aims to help health professionals and responders understand how WHO coordinates emergency operations and ensures a structured, timely and effective response to outbreaks and other health emergencies.
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The document is a report by an expert group that presents a framework for improving future pandemic preparedness and emergency response, particularly in the context of India but with relevance to global health systems. It analyzes lessons learned fr
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om COVID-19 and past epidemics, identifies key weaknesses in areas such as governance, surveillance, data management, research, and coordination, and proposes a comprehensive strategy to address them. The report emphasizes the importance of early detection, strong public health infrastructure, coordinated governance, scientific innovation, and international collaboration. A central idea is the ability to respond effectively within the first 100 days of an outbreak by having systems, resources, and policies already in place. Overall, it aims to strengthen resilience and ensure faster, more efficient responses to future health crises.
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The GHEC framework is designed to provide guiding principles for standardizing health emergency workforce structures to strengthen the capacity of countries in responding to health emergencies, and to enhance collaboration between countries by bette
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r connecting regional and global surge response mechanisms, facilitating information exchange, and improving access to expertise and human response capacity at times of need.
This is the first version of the GHEC framework and is intended to be updated as experience is gained with its implementation and adaptation.
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A Global Access Framework for Country-Led.
ResponsesThis 2030 Prevention access framework focuses on one of those top-line targets, which covers primary prevention and requires that 90% of people i
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n need of HIV prevention are using effective prevention options by 2030. This target is disaggregated into 15 second-line prevention targets for specific populations and programmes.
The 2030 Prevention Access Framework presents in greater detail the milestones and actions for achieving these targets––all of which are grounded in the three priorities of the Global AIDS Strategy: country-led, resilient and sustainable HIV responses; people-focused services, and community leadership
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Accessed November 2014
The Partnership Contribution (PC) is one element of the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework Benefit Sharing System. It is an annual cash contribution of US$ 28 million given to WHO by influenza vaccine, diagnostic and pharmaceutical manu
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facturers that use the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). Funds are allocated for pandemic influenza preparedness capacity building, response activities at the time of a pandemic, and the PIP Secretariat for implementation of the Framework. The Guiding Principles for the use of the PIP PC funds for Pandemic Influenza Response can be found below
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Strategic Communication for Zika Prevention: A Framework for Local Adaptation
Alice Payne Merritt, Gabrielle Hunter, Anne Ballard et al.
ohns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs
(2017)
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