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Presentation
WHO’s sentinel surveys of acquired HIV resistance to dolutegravir among people receiving dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy is intended for easy and frequent implementation. Results from sentinel surveys provide insight into the preval ... more
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD009593. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009593.pub5.
WHO’s antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic-based acquired drug resistance survey method yields robust estimates of HIV viral suppression and acquired HIV drug ... more
It is essential that all people, including people living with HIV, are able to access health services and ongoing treatment. If people living with HIV who are on ART stop abruptly because they cannot access new supplies they could rapidly become unw ... more
The emergence of high-level dolutegravir resistance was extremely rare in people switched to first-line dolutegravir-based treatment in Zambia and Malawi, a large prospective study has found.
This brief report summarizes recent information on HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in the era of integrase-strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) for HIV prevention and treatment.

HIV Drug Resistance

Gingo, D. Ministry of Health, Uganda (2022) C1
ATIC Newsletter, Vol 15, Issue 1, February 2022.
WHO recommends that pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) be offered as an additional prevention choice for HIV-negative individuals at substantial risk of HIV infection as part of combination prevention approaches. HIV drug resistance has been rarely ... more
HIV drug resistance strategies focus on prevention through adherence and treatment optimization, surveillance to monitor resistance trends, and innovation in new drugs and diagnostics. Key approache ... more
HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping is an essential component of the WHO global HIVDR surveillance strategy. Plasma “gold standard” specimen type for HIVDR genotyping, but its use may not be feasible in rural, remote areas in low- and middl ... more
Topics in Antiviral Medicine, March 4, 2025
CDC leads an international surveillance effort to estimate the occurrence of HIV drug resistance among people with HIV who are taking dolutegravir (DTG)-based treatments. This surveillance effort utilizes Cyclical Acquired HIV Drug ... more
During ARV drug pressure the HIV-1 RT is able to develop resistance to these drugs by generating mutations
The aim of the operational framework is to ensure 1) accurate collection, handling, shipment and storage of specimens collected in countries implementing HIV drug resistance surveillance; and 2) the availability of quality-assured HIV genotyping lab ... more
Open Forum Infect Dis . 2022 Apr 5;9(5):ofac148.doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac148. eCollection 2022 May. Dolutegravir HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) data from Africa remain sparse. We reviewed HIVDR results of Malawians on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral the ... more