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OCHA Policy Brief on Gendered Drivers, Risks and Impacts of Food Insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2023) CC

It is widely understood that the food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is one of the world’s fastest growing and most neglected crises. It lacks sufficient global focus, resources and urgency. As in so many crises, women and girls are disproportionately affected and shoulder t...he consequences of protracted neglect, with unconscionable impacts on their safety, life chances and agency. Gaining a holistic view of the gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is difficult. This is due to a lack of data and prioritization, and the large geographical and socioeconomic terrain covered by both regions. However, what we do know about this crisis is more than enough to urgently address the needs of women and girls. An OCHA discussion paper on this topic (which will be published imminently, and from which this policy brief is drawn) found that there is: A strong risk of profound regression in gender equality gains made to date in the countries of concern, including on education, sexual and reproductive health, and the economic independence of women and girls (with knock-on effects on broader humanitarian and development outcomes). An increasing challenge to reverse what must be recognized as a protracted and growing gender-based violence (GBV) emergency in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa. The food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is protracted, multidimensional and highly gendered, with spiralling impacts on gender equality and food security outcomes. It is driven by interwoven and overlapping factors, including climate change, political instability, conflict, socioeconomic conditions, migration and displacement and, more recently, COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine. Interlinked with these factors are gendered structural drivers of food insecurity, including deeply entrenched gender inequalities and harmful social norms. Gendered risks and impacts of food insecurity include alarming limitations on access to education, sexual and reproductive health rights, women’s agency and participation, and dramatic increases in different existing forms of GBV and the emergence of new ones. Recognition of such gendered dimensions of food insecurity and of the need for a multisectoral approach in the response is key to addressing the crisis, along-side sustained commitment and adequate allocation of resources. This policy brief draws out key findings from the OCHA discussion paper on this topic, which includes a desk review of studies, assessments and reports, and interviews with local women’s organizations on the front lines of the food insecurity crisis in communities across both regions. Below are the most pressing gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity (not in order of priority), as well as key gaps in the current humanitarian response to food insecurity, and recommendations to take forward. more

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Documentário Doença de Chagas

TelessaúdeRS - UFRGS (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 09.04.2023 Youtube Video - Documentário Doença de Chagas

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Hoja de datos de Leptospirosis | Leptospirosis | CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 23.04.2023 La leptospirosis es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por bacterias que pueden producir infecciones potencialmente mortales de los riñones, el hígado, el cerebro, los pulmones o el corazón.

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Promoting the health of refugees and migrants: experiences from around the world

World Health Organization (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

This publication is a compendium of 49 country examples highlighting efforts in improving refugees’ and migrants’ health following the adoption of the WHO Global Action Plan on Promoting the health of refugees and migrants at the seventy-second World Health Assembly, in May 2019.

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Leishmaniasis - Plain and Simple

Else-Vet (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 04.06.2023

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Leishmaniasis - NIH

Clinical Info - HIV.gov (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 04.06.2023 Treatment options for Visceral Leishmaniasis in HIV-coinfected people include oral miltefosine; find additional information on diagnosis and ART treatment.

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List of Rabies Collaboration Centres

World Organisation for Animal Health WOAH (formerly OIE) (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 08.06.2023

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Micetoma - WHO

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Website last accessed on 23.06.2023 El micetoma es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica y progresivamente destructiva que afecta a la piel, el tejido subcutáneo, el músculo y el hueso.

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تأملات إقليمية: تحليل المشاو ا رت الإقليمية غير الرسمية مع الأشخاص المتعايشين مع الأم ا رض غير السارية وحالات الصحة النفسية

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

This report includes analysis from informal regional consultations in the African Region, the Caribbean and North America, Latin America, South-East Asia Region, European Region, Eastern Mediterranean Region, alongside three forums in the Western Pacific Region. It analyses the overarching similarit... more

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Noncommunicable diseases - Key facts 2023

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The World Health Organization's fact sheet on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) highlights that NCDs, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are responsible for 74% of all global deaths, totaling 41 million annually. Notably, 86% of premature NCD deaths (... more

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The Ukraine War is Deepening Global Food Insecurity — What Can Be Done?

Usain, A. (2023) C2

Even before Russia invaded Ukraine, the global economy was suffering from the repercussions of several man-made conflicts, climate shocks, COVID-19 and rising costs — with devastating consequences for poor people in low-income and developing countries. The war in Ukraine — a major “breadbasket... more

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CDC - Schistosomiasis

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2023) C2

Websites last accessed on 24.03.2023 A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. Parasites can cause disease in humans.

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Cuadro Clínico del Dengue | CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 31.03.2023 Conozca la presentación clínica y la clasificación del dengue.

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Leishmaniasis visceral - Epidemiología

Gisselle Carolina Gil Zambrano (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 04.06.2023 Youtube Video

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The Climate Dictionary - Speak Climate Fluently

United Nations Development Programme (2023) CC

The Climate Dictionary is an initiative aimed at providing an everyday guide to understanding climate change. It seeks to bridge the gap between complex scientific jargon and the general public, making climate concepts accessible and relatable to individuals from various backgrounds and levels of ex... more

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Technical series on adapting to climate-sensitive health impacts: Diarrhoeal diseases

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

This guide presents a basis for understanding how diarrhoeal diseases are currently influenced by climate and weather, and may be further exacerbated by climate change. It is a technical guide on how to conduct a Vulnerability & Adaptation assessment for diarrhoeal diseases and climate change, and p... more