|
6567977a212eaade2e0ee2ca
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020009730
|
6615285
|
8
|
Turkey
|
Europe
|
UMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.0276355
|
0.0276355
|
0
|
0
|
0.055271
|
0.055271
|
|
0.055271
|
|
0
|
COVID-19
|
COVID-19 Personal Protective E...quipment
more
|
50
|
COVID-19 TURKEY PROVIDING FOOD... AND HYGIENE MATERIAL
more
|
COVID-19 Turkey Providing Food... and Hygiene Material
more
|
COVID-19 providing food and hy...giene materials to families in need during pandemic
more
|
|
12240
|
Basic nutrition
|
|
I.2.b. Basic Health
|
11001
|
Central Government
|
Foreign Office
|
|
COVID-19
|
|
6567977a212eaade2e0ee2cb
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020009731
|
6615294
|
8
|
Togo
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.01184
|
0.01184
|
0
|
0
|
0.01184
|
0.01184
|
|
0.01184
|
|
0
|
COVID-19
|
COVID-19 Personal Protective E...quipment
more
|
100
|
SENSIBILISATION AND PRODUCTS F...ÜR THE WAWA-1 COMMUNE IN TOGO TO FIGHT AGAINST COVID-19
more
|
Sensibilisation and products f...ür the WAWA-1 commune in Togo to fight against COVID-19
more
|
The project is supposed to hel...p the commune to fight against COVID-19.
more
|
|
12264
|
COVID-19 control
|
|
I.2.b. Basic Health
|
12002
|
Local Government
|
Local Government
|
|
COVID-19
|
|
6567977a212eaade2e0ee2cc
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020009732
|
6615300
|
1
|
Tunisia
|
North of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.02151
|
0.021202
|
0
|
0
|
0.02151
|
0.021202
|
|
0.02151
|
|
0
|
COVID-19
|
COVID-19 Personal Protective E...quipment
more
|
100
|
COVID-19 COMBAT IN THE HOSPITA...L OF SENED- TUNISIA
more
|
Covid-19 combat in the hospita...l of Sened- Tunisia
more
|
Acquisition of protection mate...rial for the Hospital of Sened
more
|
|
12264
|
COVID-19 control
|
|
I.2.b. Basic Health
|
23000
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
|
COVID-19
|
|
6567977a212eaade2e0ee2cd
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020009735
|
6615303
|
1
|
Tunisia
|
North of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.023288
|
0.022969
|
0
|
0
|
0.023288
|
0.022969
|
|
0.023288
|
|
0
|
COVID-19
|
COVID-19 Personal Protective E...quipment
more
|
100
|
COVID-19 INNOVATION CLUB ROBO-...SCHOOL AT TUNISIA
more
|
Covid-19 Innovation club Robo-...school at Tunisia
more
|
Equipping a robo-school innova...tion club, which will use 3D-printers to produce protection material.
more
|
|
12264
|
COVID-19 control
|
|
I.2.b. Basic Health
|
23000
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
|
COVID-19
|
|
6567977a212eaade2e0ee2ce
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020009736
|
6615304
|
1
|
Tunisia
|
North of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.035709
|
0.035336
|
0
|
0
|
0.035709
|
0.035336
|
|
0.035709
|
|
0
|
COVID-19
|
COVID-19 Personal Protective E...quipment
more
|
100
|
HORIZONS AGAINST COVID-19 IN T...UNISIA
more
|
Horizons against Covid-19 in T...unisia
more
|
Equipping the regional hospita...l of Kef, as well as the local hospitals in Sers, Tajerouine and Dahmani with protection material
more
|
|
12264
|
COVID-19 control
|
|
I.2.b. Basic Health
|
23000
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
|
COVID-19
|
|
6567977b212eaade2e0ee2cf
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007009
|
GCRF_MRC_AA_MR/P022081/1
|
3
|
Developing countries, unspecif...ied
more
|
Regional and Unspecified
|
Part I unallocated by income
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.126141
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.126141
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
A MATHEMATICAL MODELING FRAMEW...ORK FOR TUBERCULOSIS BURDEN ESTIMATION AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTIONS
more
|
A mathematical modeling framew...ork for tuberculosis burden estimation and economic evaluation of pharmaceutical interventions
more
|
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major c...ause of disease and death globally. In 2015, WHO estimated there were 9.6 million TB cases and 1.5 TB deaths. Nearly 500,000 of these cases were resistant to two or more of the main drugs used to treat TB. New drugs, and combinations of drugs, are being developed to treat tuberculosis, as are new vaccines that may protect against disease in adults. Quantifying the burden of TB is fundamental to understanding its global epidemiology and for making appropriate resource allocation decisions. Most estimates of new TB case numbers each year rely strongly on the number of cases reported by countries in that year to WHO. Unfortunately, one in three TB cases are thought to go either undetected or unreported, so the number of cases reported underestimates the number of new cases. While one can correct for this, it is hard to know exactly how much to adjust the reported numbers. Some countries have good systems for recording causes of deaths, which can be used to estimate the number of deaths caused by TB. Increasingly, large and expensive prevalence surveys are being used to estimate the number of people with active disease in a population. These estimates are less subject to bias, but measure a different quantity. Little work has explored the best way of combining these three data sources. A major goal of this work is to use mathematical transmission models for burden estimation and provide a unified framework for all data. These models yield the number of new cases, deaths, and also the prevalence of disease. They explicitly represent disease transmission and so introduce a dependence between the number of new cases in different years. These models involve parameters evidenced from previous epidemiological work, but must be calibrated to learn from data on TB reports, deaths and prevalence. Calibration means adjusting imperfectly known model parameters in order to match observed model outputs to the data. This process provides a model that may be used to make predictions about burden, but may also teach us something about the underlying processes. Many of the parameters concerning the epidemiology and disease course of TB are quite uncertain, and this uncertainty is rarely represented fully in models needing calibration, but will be done in this project using statistical techniques that also allow comparison of different models' performance. TB burden estimation and calibration of transmission models are almost always carried out on a country-by-country basis. Many parameters describing disease progression are likely to be similar in different countries, even if their exact values differ for unknown reasons. Hierarchical modelling techniques allow such parameters to be correlated between countries. This can improve precision, particularly for countries with little data, as estimates can be informed by data from neighbouring countries. I will explore these techniques for the transmission model, and also in statistical mo
more
|
TB
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977b212eaade2e0ee2d0
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department of Health and Soci...al Care
more
|
2020009631
|
HPSR_DA_130307
|
1
|
Eastern Africa, regional
|
South of Sahara
|
Part I unallocated by income
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0.128161
|
0.067509
|
0
|
0
|
0.128161
|
0.067509
|
0
|
0.128161
|
|
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
NIHR HPSR-DA: POST-TUBERCULOSI...S LUNG DAMAGE AMONGST PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS SURVIVORS IN EAST AFRICA: HEALTH SYSTEM CHALLENGES AND RESEARCH PRIORITIES
more
|
NIHR HPSR-DA: Post-tuberculosi...s lung damage amongst pulmonary tuberculosis survivors in East Africa: health system challenges and research priorities
more
|
Current guidelines for tubercu...losis (TB) management focus on microbiological cure and survival, with no follow-up of patients beyond TB treatment completion. However, data suggest that TB survivors have a high burden of disabling residual lung damage, recurrent TB disease, and increased rates of mortality. There is an unmet need to develop post-TB care pathways to improve the long-term wellbeing of TB survivors. Clinical tools for post-TB care are under development. However, existing health systems in East Africa are poorly equipped to deliver these services and there has been little planning of how post-TB care could be achieved. This project will build on the partnership between London School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) and African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) to engage stakeholders in Malawi and Kenya in order to review existing management practices, and outline potential models of post-TB care for the region. This work will form the basis of future large-scale funding applications, and policy and implementation work.
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977b212eaade2e0ee2d1
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007552
|
GCRF-RFChlG-R12018-CHL\R1\1801...11
more
|
3
|
Eastern Africa, regional
|
South of Sahara
|
Part I unallocated by income
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.256501
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.256501
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
SCHISTOSOMIASIS, SHALLOW-WATER... FISHERIES AND HUMAN RESILIENCE AROUND LAKE VICTORIA: TOWARDS A MULTIDISCIPLINARY SOLUTION FOR INTERLINKED HUMAN-HEALTH
more
|
Schistosomiasis, shallow-water... fisheries and human resilience around Lake Victoria: towards a multidisciplinary solution for interlinked human-health
more
|
Research Grant – interdiscip...linary consortium based in UK, Tanzania and Uganda developing new techniques to control Schistosomiasis, a tropical disease caused by parasites found in lake water. The project will benefit communities around Lake Victoria that depend on the lake for food and water. SDGs 1,2,3.
more
|
NTD - Schisto
|
43082
|
Research/scientific institutio...ns
more
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977b212eaade2e0ee2d2
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020008434
|
MRC_ETH_MR/R021600/1
|
3
|
Ethiopia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.064807
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.064807
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
BUILDING A PLATFORM TO UNDERST...AND ASYMPTOMATIC AND SYMPTOMATIC VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN ETHIOPIA
more
|
Building a platform to underst...and asymptomatic and symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia
more
|
MRC IIB award - Building a pla...tform to understand asymptomatic and symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia
more
|
Leishmaniasis
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977b212eaade2e0ee2d3
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007043
|
GCRF_MRC_GMB_MR/P021972/1
|
3
|
Gambia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.144688
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.144688
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
STUDIES TOWARDS INFECTIOUS DIS...EASE ELIMINATION ON THE BIJAGOS ARCHIPELAGO OF GUINEA BISSAU
more
|
Studies towards infectious dis...ease elimination on the Bijagos Archipelago of Guinea Bissau
more
|
So far, smallpox is the only i...nfectious disease of humans that has been completely eradicated, but a number of so-called Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), which cause a huge burden of disease among poor rural communities in low income countries, are targeted for global eradication, or at least for elimination from large parts of the world. Great progress has been made in reducing the number of cases of NTDs in some parts of the world but it has become clear that, for most of them, further research is needed to develop new tools and elimination strategies. Global eradication of malaria, which was attempted unsuccessfully in the 1960s, is back on the agenda, and malaria was eliminated from Sri Lanka in 2016, but it is clear that malaria will not be eliminated from Africa using the old methods. We have been working on the elimination of blinding trachoma, one of the NTDs targeted for global elimination, in The Gambia since 1984, and showed that it could be cured with a single dose of the antibiotic azithromycin, given by mouth. 500 million doses of azithromycin have been donated to trachoma programmes by the manufacturer since then, and The Gambia has recently met the World Health Organization's elimination targets, but trachoma remains the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. For the past 6 years we have been studying trachoma in the remote Bijagos Islands of Guinea Bissau where it remains an important cause of blindness, and have made considerable progress in understanding where it is being transmitted and how it might be controlled. Our aim in the next two years is to set up a trachoma elimination programme on the islands, using mass treatment with azithromycin and health education to reduce transmission, and a surveillance programme to make sure it is not re-introduced. We also plan to study the transmission of malaria on the islands, with a view to identifying the most promising strategies for malaria elimination in this setting, and to map the distribution of other NTDs. The programme will be led by Anna Last, a clinical lecturer in infectious diseases, who has recently completed a PhD on trachoma in the Bijagos Islands, and is fluent in the local language. In two years time we will have established a laboratory and insectary on the islands, trained staff in how to do field surveys, how to diagnose malaria and NTDs and how to control mosquito populations, worked out where and how trachoma and malaria are being transmitted, and found out which other NTDs are present on the islands, we will be in a strong position to try out new interventions for eliminating these diseases. The islands are a particularly good place to evaluate the impact new tools and strategies for disease elimination, since they are relatively isolated, and can be randomly allocated to one strategy or another.
more
|
0
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2d4
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020008439
|
6611814
|
8
|
Somalia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.4316005
|
0.4316005
|
0
|
0
|
0.863201
|
0.863201
|
|
0.863201
|
|
0
|
Emergency projects (meeting ad...ditional funding needs)
more
|
|
50
|
WATER, HYGIENE, HEALTH FOR INT...ERNAL DEPLACED PERSONS AND LOCAL POPULATION IN BANADIR
more
|
Water, Hygiene, Health for Int...ernal deplaced Persons and local population in Banadir
more
|
Water, Hygiene, Health for Int...ernal deplaced Persons and local population in Banadir
more
|
0
|
72010
|
Material relief assistance and... services
more
|
|
VIII.1. Emergency Response
|
22000
|
Donor country-based NGO
|
Donor country-based NGO
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2d5
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007046
|
GCRF_MRC_GMB_Gambia Unit - Cov...id 19
more
|
3
|
Gambia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
2.116199
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2.116199
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
CAN IMPROVED HOUSING PROVIDE A...DDITIONAL PROTECTION AGAINST CLINICAL MALARIA OVER CURRENT BEST PRACTICE? A HOUSEHOLD-RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL
more
|
Can improved housing provide a...dditional protection against clinical malaria over current best practice? A household-randomised controlled trial
more
|
Malaria remains one of the gre...atest threats to global public health, with 207 million cases of falciparum malaria and 627,000 deaths occurring in 2012, with over 80% of deaths occurring in Africa. More than 80% of malaria is transmitted indoors at night, so the number of malaria mosquitoes which enter a house is critical for getting the disease - with people living in 'leaky' houses being at most risk. We have shown that closing the eaves (the gap between the top of the wall and the roof) and screening a house can reduce dramatically the number of malaria vectors entering a house. Here we propose to find out whether we can protect children against malaria by modifying half the study houses so that they (1) have a metal roof, (2) closed eaves, (3) screened doors and windows and (4) screened-air bricks which allow the warm air to rise out of the house, but not let any mosquitoes indoors. The other study houses will be left with thatched roofs and open eaves and the children in these houses will serve as a comparison group. Over the past thirty years a silent revolution in house design has been happening across Africa. The traditional thatched-roofed houses are being replaced steadily by metal-roofed houses as the continent develops. We hope to ride this wave of cultural change and further improve the design of houses to make them healthier to live in. Improved housing has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people across sub-Saharan Africa.
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2d6
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007040
|
GCRF_MRC_GMB_MR/M007383/1
|
3
|
Gambia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.018188
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.018188
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
CAN IMPROVED HOUSING PROVIDE A...DDITIONAL PROTECTION AGAINST CLINICAL MALARIA OVER CURRENT BEST PRACTICE? A HOUSEHOLD-RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL
more
|
Can improved housing provide a...dditional protection against clinical malaria over current best practice? A household-randomised controlled trial
more
|
Malaria remains one of the gre...atest threats to global public health, with 207 million cases of falciparum malaria and 627,000 deaths occurring in 2012, with over 80% of deaths occurring in Africa. More than 80% of malaria is transmitted indoors at night, so the number of malaria mosquitoes which enter a house is critical for getting the disease - with people living in 'leaky' houses being at most risk. We have shown that closing the eaves (the gap between the top of the wall and the roof) and screening a house can reduce dramatically the number of malaria vectors entering a house. Here we propose to find out whether we can protect children against malaria by modifying half the study houses so that they (1) have a metal roof, (2) closed eaves, (3) screened doors and windows and (4) screened-air bricks which allow the warm air to rise out of the house, but not let any mosquitoes indoors. The other study houses will be left with thatched roofs and open eaves and the children in these houses will serve as a comparison group. Over the past thirty years a silent revolution in house design has been happening across Africa. The traditional thatched-roofed houses are being replaced steadily by metal-roofed houses as the continent develops. We hope to ride this wave of cultural change and further improve the design of houses to make them healthier to live in. Improved housing has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people across sub-Saharan Africa including Gambia (The).
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2d7
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007560
|
GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FCGR120-FCG\R1\...201022
more
|
3
|
Gambia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.031061
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.031061
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS COM...PLEX LINEAGES IRON METABOLISM AND IMPACT ON HOST CELL VIABILITY AND TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE PROGRESSION IN WEST AFRICA
more
|
Mycobacterium tuberculosis com...plex lineages iron metabolism and impact on host cell viability and tuberculosis disease progression in West Africa
more
|
Research Grant - Collaboration... between UK and a FLAIR Fellow based in The Gambia. Researching iron metabolism of different TB strains in Gambian patients, in order to identify new drug targets for this population. SDGs 3,11.
more
|
|
12263
|
Tuberculosis control
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2d8
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007561
|
GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FR12019-FLR\R1\...191166
more
|
3
|
Gambia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.108655
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.108655
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
INTERROGATING MYCOBACTERIUM TU...BERCULOSIS COMPLEX HOST IMMUNE RESPONSES TO INFORM HOST-DIRECTED THERAPEUTICS DEVELOPMENT IN WEST AFRICA
more
|
Interrogating Mycobacterium tu...berculosis complex host immune responses to inform host-directed therapeutics development in West Africa
more
|
Fellowship award based in The ...Gambia. In West Africa Tuberculosis (TB) is often caused by the 'M. africanum' bacteria rather than 'M. tuberculosis', requiring additional treatment. This research exploits differences between the bacteria to identify new immunomodulator targets, for the design of drugs specific to West African patients. SDG 3.
more
|
|
12263
|
Tuberculosis control
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2d9
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007041
|
GCRF_MRC_GMB_MR/P000959/2
|
3
|
Gambia
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.069979
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.069979
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE ...PRODUCTION OF NATURAL MOSQUITO REPELLENTS BY HUMAN BEINGS
more
|
The mechanisms underlying the ...production of natural mosquito repellents by human beings
more
|
Some human beings are bitten m...ore than others by mosquitoes. From an evolutionary perspective this is fundamentally important since those that get bitten less often are less likely to die from lethal mosquito-borne diseases like malaria. Thus there is likely to be a selective advantage for being less attractive to malaria mosquitoes. Whether or not this is due to natural selection in humans, or because mosquitoes are simply avoiding unsuitable hosts is unknown, but our previous studies show that human differential attractiveness to mosquitoes is due to the natural production of key repellent chemicals given off by individuals who rarely get bitten. Essentially this could be thought of as the first line of defence related to the immune system. In a recent pilot study we showed that for Europeans how attractive you are to mosquitoes is controlled by your genes. We intend to extend this line of research and carry out a similar study amongst an indigenous African population that has traditionally been under intense selective pressure from malaria. Here we would anticipate finding genes for new repellent molecules that are under selection. The natural repellent chemicals that we have identified from our study of Europeans are effective repellents when applied to the skin, but what remains unknown is how the body produces these chemicals and which genes control this process. Preliminary studies show that some of the repellents can be produced by skin cells and there are likely candidate genes as potential targets. In this study we aim to compare identical and non-identical twins using chemical ecology and molecular genetic techniques to identify how the chemicals are produced and which genes are involved in production and regulation. This will give an understanding of how the body provides an important component of natural resistance to mosquitoes and provide a new potential treatment which stimulates production of these repellent chemicals in susceptible human beings. This could allow us to develop a more persistent application and eventually an oral treatment in the form of a pill which enhances the production of natural repellents to protect against mosquito bites, minimising the need for repeated skin-applied volatile repellents. This research has the potential to find new mosquito repellents that could be produced systemically, and elucidate one of the least understood innate immunity mechanisms: how we use chemical warfare to hide from vectors.
more
|
Malaria
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977c212eaade2e0ee2da
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007562
|
GCRF-CICA-R12016-IC160089
|
3
|
Ghana
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.081925
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.081925
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
POCKET-I-NUCLEIC ACID DIAGNOST...IC (PI-NAD)
more
|
pocket-i-nucleic acid diagnost...ic (pi-NAD)
more
|
Research Grant - Collaboration... between UK and Ghana. Developing low-cost (<$1) devices for diagnosing febrile illnesses, using local materials and manufacturing techniques. This will lead to better diagnosis of febrile illness and therefore better infection management, and will drive local enterprise and improve technological education. SDGs 3,4,9.
more
|
|
43082
|
Research/scientific institutio...ns
more
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977d212eaade2e0ee2db
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007788
|
GCRF-IP-C3-03_DETECT
|
3
|
Guyana
|
South America
|
UMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0
|
0.179433
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.179433
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
DETECT: INTEGRATED SPACE TECHN...OLOGY VECTOR CONTROL FOR ENHANCING COMMUNITY HEALTH AND RESILIENCE AGAINST ESCALATING CLIMATIC DISRUPTIONS
more
|
DETECT: Integrated Space Techn...ology Vector Control for Enhancing community health and resilience against escalating climatic disruptions
more
|
Malaria and dengue have a majo...r impact on the health and development prospects of remote communities in developing countries, where conventional mosquito control strategies are failing. Building on 20 years of community engagement in Guyana our space tec
more
|
|
43082
|
Research/scientific institutio...ns
more
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977d212eaade2e0ee2dc
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Foreign Office
|
2020008448
|
6611949
|
3
|
Kenya
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
5.698006
|
4.558405
|
0
|
0
|
5.698006
|
4.558405
|
|
5.698006
|
|
0
|
Classified as not health-speci...fic activity
more
|
|
100
|
FOOD AND NUTRITION AID IN KENY...A
more
|
Food and nutrition aid in Keny...a
more
|
Food and nutrition aid for ref...ugees and asylum seekers under the Strategic Objective 1 of the WFP Country Program
more
|
0
|
72040
|
Emergency food assistance
|
|
VIII.1. Emergency Response
|
41140
|
World Food Programme
|
World Food Programme (WFP)
|
|
|
|
6567977d212eaade2e0ee2dd
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020008450
|
MRC_IND_MR/R000255/1
|
3
|
India
|
South & Central Asia
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.090998
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.090998
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF HEPA...RIN BINDING HEMAGGLUTININ FROM MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
more
|
Structure and function of Hepa...rin Binding Hemagglutinin from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
more
|
MRC MCMB award - Structure and... function of Heparin Binding Hemagglutinin from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
more
|
0
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977d212eaade2e0ee2de
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007980
|
NF_ESRC_IND_4
|
3
|
India
|
South & Central Asia
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0
|
1.102337
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1.102337
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
UK RESEARCH COUNCILS AND DBT D...ELIVER RESEARCH FUNDING FOR ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN INDIA
more
|
UK Research Councils and DBT d...eliver research funding for Antimicrobial Resistance in India
more
|
United Kingdom Research Counci...l and Dept of Biotechnology in India to deliver signficant reseach funding for internationally competitative and innovative collaborative projects between researchers from India and UK that will allow the pursuit of shared research interests.
more
|
0
|
11182
|
Educational research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977e212eaade2e0ee2df
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007055
|
GCRF_MRC_IND_MR/P024114/1
|
3
|
India
|
South & Central Asia
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.070458
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.070458
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
OPTIMISING FOREST BENEFITS WHI...LST MINIMISING IMPACTS OF EMERGING ZOONOTIC DISEASES: CO-DEVELOPING AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TOOL FOR FORESTS IN INDIA
more
|
Optimising forest benefits whi...lst minimising impacts of emerging zoonotic diseases: co-developing an interdisciplinary tool for forests in India
more
|
Vast numbers of poor people in... Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) depend on healthy ecosystems for their livelihoods and food security. In India, around 300 million people depend on forests that are badly degraded by human settlement, agricultural expansion, and over-grazing. When they access food, fuel, fodder and other products from degraded forests, these people risk exposure to harmful pathogens that circulate naturally in wildlife. The ecological balance between diverse wildlife and arthropod vector communities can be altered by forest degradation, but these ecological changes interact with the priorities and behaviour of people in the landscape to determine when and where exposure occurs. Upsurges in human cases of zoonotic diseases (diseases that circulate between animals and humans) in LMICs, like malaria and Leishmaniases, have been linked to deforestation, reforestation or particular forest activities. Knowledge gaps on the role of ecology and sociology in underpinning these changes prevents development of intelligent disease control strategies that allow people to benefit from forests but minimise exposure to disease. Such strategies require cooperation of policy-makers and forest users from across the animal health, human health and forestry sectors, from national and international decision-makers down to village communities, that all interact with the disease system. By bringing such stakeholders together in a network, along with experts in public and animal health, ecology, epidemiology and social science, this project aims to develop a new inter-disciplinary framework and decision-support tool to reduce health, welfare and livelihood impacts of zoonotic diseases on people that depend on forests in LMICs. It will be developed initially for Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), a fatal haemorrhagic disease of forest populations in India that cycles naturally amongst ticks, rodents and primates. The research underpinning the tool will include: 1. Mapping of key stakeholders in each sector, their knowledge, needs for decision-support tools and how they are impacted by or impact upon the disease system. 2. Intensive field observation of (i) how the priorities, behaviour and perceptions of disease risk of different forest groups, like traditional hunter-gatherer tribes and farmers, change, (ii) how the numbers and species of wildlife hosts and tick vectors, and the consequent hazard of KFD changes along forest landscape gradients from closed through fragmented to open forest. 3. Matching of historical geographical patterns in human cases of KFD with environmental patterns within models to disentangle social, climate and forest landscape drivers across the affected region in India. A geographical decision support tool, integrating this knowledge, will map how disease risk varies across forest landscapes, from which activities and by which forest user groups, with other constraints on disease management, availability and access to health c
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977e212eaade2e0ee2e0
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007572
|
GCRF-CICA-R12016-IC160080
|
3
|
India
|
South & Central Asia
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.096177
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.096177
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
NOVEL MODELS THAT RECAPITULATE... DIARRHOEAL DISEASE:ENGINEERING THE PATHOGEN AND THE HOST TO ELUCIDATE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING GUT DYSFUNCTION
more
|
Novel models that recapitulate... diarrhoeal disease:engineering the pathogen and the host to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying gut dysfunction
more
|
Research Grant - Collaboration... between UK and India. Researching changes in the gut during diarrhoeal episodes. Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, especially amongst children. This project will elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying gut dysfunction, and identify means of alleviating symptoms. SDG 3.
more
|
|
12250
|
Infectious disease control
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977e212eaade2e0ee2e1
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020008451
|
MRC_IND_MR/S012893/2
|
3
|
India
|
South & Central Asia
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.097328
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.097328
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
INTEGRATING PARTICIPATORY APPR...OACHES AND TRADITIONAL MODELS TO STRENGTHEN ONE HEALTH RESPONSES TO ZOONOTIC DISEASES IN INDIA'S CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS
more
|
Integrating participatory appr...oaches and traditional models to strengthen One Health responses to zoonotic diseases in India's changing environments
more
|
MRC/HSRI award to look at Inte...grating participatory approaches and traditional models to strengthen One Health responses to zoonotic diseases in India's changing environments
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977e212eaade2e0ee2e2
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020008473
|
MRC_AA_MR/S005293/1
|
3
|
Kenya
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.356157
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.356157
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
I. ADETIFA, KEMRI-WELLCOME TRU...ST RESEARCH PROGRAMME, KENYA, SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY FOR MONITORING VACCINATION AND INFORMING VACCINE POLICY IN AFRICA
more
|
I. Adetifa, KEMRI-Wellcome Tru...st Research Programme, Kenya, Seroepidemiology for monitoring vaccination and informing vaccine policy in Africa
more
|
MRC/African Research Leaders a...ward with the aim to demonstrate the utility of seroepidemiology for monitoring vaccination and profiling population immunity for vaccine policy within Africa
more
|
0
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977e212eaade2e0ee2e3
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020006777
|
GCRF_EPSRC_AA_EP/T003650/1
|
3
|
Kenya
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.19702
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.19702
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING FOR INF...ECTIOUS DISEASE DYNAMICS AND CONTROL IN EAST AFRICA (MMIDD-EA)
more
|
Mathematical Modelling for Inf...ectious Disease Dynamics and Control in East Africa (MMIDD-EA)
more
|
Computer-based mathematical mo...delling of infectious diseases is an essential tool to understanding how diseases spread. They can also be extremely useful in designing effective control strategies and policies. The East Africa region is a hotspot for emerging and endemic diseases caused by bacteria and viruses, including those spread from animals to humans (known as zoonoses). Despite the potential for mathematical modelling to address public health challenges in the region and the availability of relatively cheap computing power and free programming platforms, these skills are rarely applied by academics and researchers in low and middle income countries. Instead modelling work is done by researchers from high income countries and often for diseases threatening global health such as epidemics caused by the Ebola virus. We aim to develop a network of East-African based mathematical modellers to build skills and capacity so that this work can be performed for priority infectious diseases in the region and by local researchers, who have a superior understanding of the social, economic, geographic and political context of infectious disease spread and control. To do this we will organise three activities. First, we will develop and run an intensive short-course in mathematical modelling of infectious disease dynamics for 20 people in Kenya. Applications will be sought from researchers based in East Africa with skills in mathematics and an interest in quantitative approaches to infectious disease dynamics and control in humans and animals. A competitive selection procedure will prioritise candidates with both institutional support and defined modelling projects relevant to the region to carry forward. The course will be based upon the well-established and highly regarded Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Disease Dynamics residential course supported by the Wellcome Trust, led Dr Andrew Conlan (University of Cambridge) and modified to be appropriate to the needs identified in East Africa. The course will have a strong emphasis on building practical skills using the free software R and Rstudio, and focussed on infectious diseases that are important in the region. Second, five fellowships will be awarded to course attendees to enable them to further develop their skills. Each fellow will be matched to a mentor from the University of Cambridge or the broader course faculty (drawn from across the UK and Africa) who will work with them to develop their skills and collaborate on a selected modelling projects. The fellows will have the opportunity to spend up to 3 months in Cambridge (or other UK Institute, as befits their project and development needs) as well as the opportunity to spend time at the University of Nairobi and interact with their cohort. Third, we will support the development of an East African infectious disease modelling network, by linking with other complementary initiatives in the region. This will increase the self-reliance of the c
more
|
|
43082
|
Research/scientific institutio...ns
more
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977f212eaade2e0ee2e4
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007588
|
GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FR12019-FLR\R1\...190497
more
|
3
|
Kenya
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.243701
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.243701
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
GENOMIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL AN...ALYSIS OF MALARIA PARASITES FROM CONTROLLED HUMAN MALARIA INFECTION OF KENYAN ADULTS WITH VARYING EXPOSURE TO MALARIA
more
|
Genomic and transcriptional an...alysis of malaria parasites from controlled human malaria infection of Kenyan adults with varying exposure to malaria
more
|
Fellowship award based in Keny...a. Using genomics and microarrays to investigate how the malaria parasite gene expression pattern varies in the face of differing levels of human immunity. This will determine mechanisms of parasite adaptation to host immunity and identify parasite molecules with potential for vaccine development. SDG 3.
more
|
|
12262
|
Malaria control
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
6567977f212eaade2e0ee2e5
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007073
|
GCRF_MRC_KEN_MR/P001351/1
|
3
|
Kenya
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.079613
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.079613
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
ENABLING RAPID CONVERSION OF A...NTIGEN TO VACCINE, APPLIED TO MULTI-STAGE MALARIA VACCINATION
more
|
Enabling rapid conversion of a...ntigen to vaccine, applied to multi-stage malaria vaccination
more
|
MRC IIB award to enable rapid ...conversion of antigen to vaccine, applied to multistage malaria vaccination
more
|
Malaria
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
6567977f212eaade2e0ee2e6
|
2020
|
Switzerland
|
Swiss Agency for Development a...nd Co-operation
more
|
2020006672
|
177-Q37-2020-6674
|
3
|
Senegal
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
7
|
10
|
110
|
B01
|
0
|
0.031949
|
0
|
0
|
|
0.031949
|
|
|
|
|
Classified as not health-speci...fic activity
more
|
|
100
|
LES VIOLENCES FAITES AUX FEMME...S EN MILIEU DE TRAVAIL ET ÉTUDIANTES DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SECONDAIRE, DANS 4 RÉGIONS DU SÉNÉGAL
more
|
Les violences faites aux femme...s en milieu de travail et étudiantes de l'enseignement secondaire, dans 4 régions du Sénégal
more
|
La Fédération Genevoise de C...oopération (FGC) est une association faîtière créée en 1966 et regroupe 60 ONG actives dans la coopération au développement ou la sensibilisation. La FGC est au service de ses membres pour lesquels elle cherche des financements publics pour soutenir leurs projets. La FGC est aujourd'hui un réseau fort qui joue un rôle actif de plaidoyer pour un développement durable à l'échelle globale et un acteur incontournable sur la scène de la solidarité internationale genevoise.
more
|
|
15180
|
Ending violence against women ...and girls
more
|
5,16,10,1
|
I.5.a. Government & Civil Soci...ety-general
more
|
22000
|
Donor country-based NGO
|
Fédération genevoise de coop...ération
more
|
|
|
|
6567977f212eaade2e0ee2e7
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007078
|
GCRF_MRC_MWI_MR/N023129/1
|
3
|
Malawi
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.03741
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.03741
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
SHIFTS IN THE METABOLIC AND VI...RULENCE PROFILES OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE FOLLOWING THE INTRODUCTION OF CONJUGATE-POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE IN MALAWI
more
|
Shifts in the metabolic and vi...rulence profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae following the introduction of conjugate-polysaccharide vaccine in Malawi
more
|
It is estimated that in 2010-2...011, there were 120 million episodes of pneumonia in young children worldwide, and 1.3 million pneumonia-related deaths. A microbe called Streptococcus pneumoniae or the pneumococcus, which frequently lives at the back of the nose in healthy children and adults, is a leading cause of childhood pneumonia in many African countries, and is also associated with a high burden of meningitis and severe blood infection. Reducing the burden of pneumococcal disease is therefore a major public health priority. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) are highly effective at reducing this disease and have been introduced into the routine infant immunisation programmes of several sub-Saharan African countries, including Malawi. We now have evidence from our ongoing work in Malawi that there has been a large direct benefit of vaccination occurring early after introduction. The critical question is whether this protection will be long-lasting and result in protection of individuals in the wider community who have not received or have responded poorly to the vaccine (so-called 'herd immunity'). We have recently established a programme of surveillance in Malawi that is looking out for changes in the pneumococcus carried by otherwise healthy children and HIV-infected adults that may indicate that the vaccine will become less effective. In this proposed project we will exploit this ongoing work together with a wealth of data from pneumococci causing pneumonia, meningitis and blood poisoning to find out whether the introduction of PCV into the national childhood immunisation programme in Malawi leads to a change in the profile of carried pneumococci that has the potential to undermine vaccine impact, and then use a mathematical model to test potential strategies to prolong PCV effectiveness in Malawi and in other similar settings. This study will draw on expertise in Malawi, Liverpool and Oxford enabling us to exploit state-of-the-art genetic fingerprinting of these bacteria and new mathematical modelling approaches. Given that maintaining the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccines is critical in resource constrained sub-Saharan African countries such as Malawi, this project is very timely in addressing the long term impact of these vaccines, particularly in vulnerable populations with a high burden of HIV, malnutrition and malaria.
more
|
0
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
65679780212eaade2e0ee2e8
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020008475
|
MRC_MWI_MR/T031743/1
|
3
|
Malawi
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.12423
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.12423
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
IMPROVING MALARIA RISK ASSESSM...ENT IN BLANTYRE DISTRICT, MALAWI BY OPTIMIZING ANOPHELES SURVEILLANCE USING OPEN-SOURCE AND REAL-TIME DATA
more
|
Improving malaria risk assessm...ent in Blantyre district, Malawi by optimizing Anopheles surveillance using open-source and real-time data
more
|
MRC Skills development award t...o improve Malaria risk assessment in Blanytre district alawi by optimizing Anopheles surveillance using opensource and realtime data
more
|
0
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
65679780212eaade2e0ee2e9
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007077
|
GCRF_MRC_MAL_MR/T039035/1
|
3
|
Malawi
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.035554
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.035554
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
STRATEGIES TO REDUCE VERTICAL ...TRANSMISSION OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT PATHOGENS TO NEONATES (NEOVT-AMR)
more
|
Strategies to reduce vertical ...transmission of multi-drug resistant pathogens to neonates (NeoVT-AMR)
more
|
Major progress has been made o...ver the last two decades in reducing deaths in young children from the world's poorest countries, however death rates in newborn babies remain high. Bacterial infection is one of the commonest causes of illness and death in newborn babies across the world but is particularly problematic in low income settings. Resistance to commonly used antibiotics is increasingly seen in infections affecting young babies, and in some countries this is resulting in babies developing serious infections which cannot be treated with locally available antibiotics. Cheap, effective, readily available strategies to reduce neonatal infections are urgently required. Babies are often infected by bacteria that colonise their skin shortly after they are born. One method of reducing infection in young babies could therefore be to apply antiseptics to the birth canal of women in labour and to the skin of newborn babies to reduce the number of bacteria found on babies' skin. Finding out whether antiseptic use could reduce the number of babies developing infections will need a large, complex trial over multiple sites, but currently the best antiseptic regime to use for such a trial is not known. Our proposed study sets out to provide this information. We plan to compare two different antiseptics which are used routinely in hospitals in the care of babies and women in labour: chlorhexidine (CHG) and octenidine (OCT). We will look at how well these two antiseptics reduce the amount of bacterial present when they are applied to the birth canal of a mother and to the skin of a baby. We will also compare different frequencies of applying the antiseptics to determine which schedule works best. The study will enroll women and babies presenting to a government hospital in Malawi, one of the poorest countries in the world, and will allocate them to receive one of the antiseptic regimes. The number of bacteria present in the birth canal (women) and skin (babies) after antiseptic is applied will be tested using skin swabs. This study will carefully collect data on whether antiseptic causes skin irritation or any other problems, and will collect data from women about how acceptable it is to have antiseptic applied whilst they are in labour. The information we collect as part of this study will help decide how we design a future large study to see if antiseptics can reduce the number of serious infections occurring in young babies.
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
65679780212eaade2e0ee2ea
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007591
|
GCRF-CICA-R12019-ICA\R1\191058
|
3
|
Malaysia
|
Far East Asia
|
UMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.08208
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.08208
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
MITES WITH WINGS: BIRDS AS THE... MISSING LINK IN THE SPREAD OF SCRUB TYPHUS
more
|
Mites with wings: birds as the... missing link in the spread of scrub typhus
more
|
Research Grant - Collaboration... between UK and Malaysia. Investigating birds as a vector for the spread of scrub typhus, a bacterial disease common in Asia which is generally considered to be spread by rodents. SDG 3.
more
|
|
12250
|
Infectious disease control
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
65679780212eaade2e0ee2eb
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007084
|
GCRF_MRC_MLI_MR/S02445X/1
|
3
|
Mali
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.239892
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.239892
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
USING SINGLE-CELL RNASEQ TO IN...VESTIGATE HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS
more
|
Using single-cell RNAseq to in...vestigate human malaria parasite transmission dynamics
more
|
Malaria is caused by a parasit...e that is transmitted exclusively by mosquitoes. The greatest malaria reduction and eradication success stories have been achieved by interrupting transmission. Historically, this has been through mosquito control. Targeting the small population of specialised parasites residing in the human host that are transmitted through mosquitoes would provide a similarly powerful malaria control method but we know too little about this population. Until now, the genes expressed by parasites have been analyzed by combining millions of parasites together. This approach confounds differences between individual parasites that could underlie success in getting into another host or in resisting the drugs we use to kill the parasites. We have recently developed a method to analyse single parasites one at a time. This technological leap has allowed us to understand parasites in the laboratory with more precision than ever before and importantly to understand how one parasite may differ from another during the whole life of the parasite both in the host and in the mosquito. Although the laboratory setting and lab strains of parasites are powerful tools for understanding parasite biology, in the lab we cannot understand the full diversity of parasites that exist in the wild causing devastating consequences for infected individuals. In this project we propose to characterise wild parasites at an individual level in partnership with Malian scientists. Our exploration will allow us to characterise the three main species of malaria parasite in sub-saharan Africa on a single parasite level for the first time. We will integrate the data into an interactive website called the Malaria Cell Atlas. This will become a key resource for the research community. We will then explore the changes from one patient to the other of the deadliest malaria species in both patients that are suffering from malaria symptoms and also from infected carriers who are not suffering from malaria, both of which contribute to the overall reservoir of parasites. Altogether, we will look at more than 300,000 individual parasites and get a very deep understanding of how individual parasites are both similar and different from each other. Understanding this infectious reservoir is pivotal to identifying how parasites efficiently get from one person to the next. Altogether our findings using cutting-edge tools to explore wild parasites will be key to understanding malaria and how to best control it.
more
|
0
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
65679780212eaade2e0ee2ec
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020006353
|
GCRF_AHRC_NPL_AH4008_AH/R00586...9/1
more
|
3
|
Nepal
|
South & Central Asia
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
SOURCING COMMUNITY SOLUTIONS T...O ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN NEPAL
more
|
Sourcing Community Solutions t...o Antibiotic Resistance in Nepal
more
|
This project will develop, pil...ot test and evaluate a high-quality intervention aimed at preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance in Nepal. Community-led solutions to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance will be promoted through a participatory digital film-making intervention that will lead to a health-education campaign within communities, and to an advocacy campaign targeting policy makers. This will directly support the delivery of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, in particular SDG 3: 'ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages'. In Nepal, antibiotic-treatable infections are a significant public health burden. A recent review of studies examining antibiotic resistance to common bacterial diseases in Nepal indicates that antibiotic resistance is a growing threat to public health (Basnyat 2015: 6-10). Indeed globally, as the World Health Organisation warns, 'without urgent action we are heading for a post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can once again kill' (WHO 2016). Although the development of new medicines is critical, without behaviour change antibiotic resistance will continue to be a major threat to population health. Our project seeks rigorously to evaluate the potential of participatory arts interventions in supporting such behaviour change. The project has three phases. Phase One will focus on the development of methodologies of co-production and participatory film-making, a health-education campaign, and an advocacy campaign. Phase Two will focus on pilot-testing the participatory film-making, health-education campaign and advocacy campaign in one urban and one rural setting, and on evaluating the approach for reach, implementation fidelity, and acceptability to a variety of stakeholders. Phase Three will focus on refining the approach prior to scale-up, evaluation of outcomes and impact. Our specific intervention consists of four stages: 1) The co-production of short comics (drawing on the 'grass-roots comics for development' methodology) which identify critical barriers to preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance at the individual, household and community levels, and which develop community-led solutions to overcoming those barriers. 2) The development of these comics into documentary films that can be utilised both as health-education tools, which are appropriately tailored for the locality, and as advocacy tools, which are aimed at policy makers at the district and national levels, 3) The utilisation of the documentary films in a health-education campaign within localities, 4) The delivery of an advocacy campaign at the district and national levels. Working at the intersection of humanities, social sciences and public health, and bringing together the expertise of The Centre for World Cinemas and Digital Cultures (Paul Cooke, PI), the Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development (James Newell and Rebecca King, Co-Is) and HE
more
|
0
|
43082
|
Research/scientific institutio...ns
more
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
65679780212eaade2e0ee2ed
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020006354
|
GCRF_AHRC_NPL_AH2010_AH/T00791...5/1
more
|
3
|
Nepal
|
South & Central Asia
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.119922
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.119922
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
THE USE OF CREATIVE ARTS TO EN...GAGE NEPALI SCHOOLS WITH ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANCE AND CREATE POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR CHANGE ON HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOURS.
more
|
The use of creative arts to en...gage Nepali schools with antimicrobial-resistance and create positive behaviour change on health-seeking behaviours.
more
|
This project will apply the me...thodology and learnings from AH/R005869/1 to a new audience, children aged 9-11 in Nepali schools. This group emerged as key actors within health seeking behaviours including the purchasing of non-prescription antimicrobials in our original project, hence all partners wish to modify the initial project to reach this group. This will involve community co-production of an education programme based upon existing community engagement methodology which allowed Nepali communities to explore their relationship with the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through participatory filmmaking. AMR is a major One Health threat, particularly acute in developing countries such as Nepal due to growing populations, limited health infrastructure and the accessibility of antimicrobials without medical advice or prescription. While the previous project engaged adult participants, our original research project highlighted the key role that Children in Nepal play in AMR-related health-seeking behaviour. They are frequently the member of the family sent to purchase non-prescription antimicrobials. The misuse of these drugs exacerbates AMR, but public understanding of this risk is low. Children especially have limited AMR knowledge or empowerment to change harmful behaviours because conversations regarding AMR are mainly held at Ministerial level and the risks of AMR are not currently taught in schools. Our co-produced education programme will use participatory arts to encourage children to share how their behaviours interact with AMR. This will significantly extend the community-level reach of the previous project, allowing children in Nepal to develop knowledge and confidence to facilitate changes in their own AMR behaviour, and spread this message through their communities. In preparation for this education programme, the project will invest heavily in training community volunteers as facilitators. This will involve the re-engagement of AH/R005869/1 participants and the use of their original outputs (participatory films), both are integral to the community engagement aspect of our educational programme. They maximise the value of existing community resources, ensure Global-South ownership of the project, and provide local-contextualisation to help young people understand this complex 'One Health' issue. Existing AH/R005869/1 films will be used as educational resources and AH/R005869/1 participants will be trained as Community AMR Champions to facilitate the educational programme. Training will enhance their AMR knowledge and confidence whilst at the same time developing their skills in public speaking, working with children (including safeguarding and unconscious bias) and their understanding of participatory arts methodology. The training programme will then reach out to schools engaging head teachers, school nurses and subject specific teachers with the same training programme. Supported by Community AMR Champions
more
|
|
43082
|
Research/scientific institutio...ns
more
|
|
|
11000
|
Donor Government
|
Donor Government
|
|
|
|
65679781212eaade2e0ee2ee
|
2020
|
UNICEF
|
UNICEF
|
2020006924
|
4140/A0/05/100/102
|
8
|
Syrian Arab Republic
|
Middle East
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
4
|
10
|
110
|
C01
|
0.009
|
0.009
|
0
|
0
|
0.009
|
0.009
|
|
|
|
|
Emergency projects (meeting ad...ditional funding needs)
more
|
|
100
|
OUTPUT 1.2: PRIMARY HEALTH CAR...E
more
|
OUTPUT 1.2: PRIMARY HEALTH CAR...E
more
|
OUTPUT 1.2: PRIMARY HEALTH CAR...E
more
|
|
72010
|
Material relief assistance and... services
more
|
3
|
VIII.1. Emergency Response
|
41122
|
United Nations Children's Fund
|
UNICEF
|
|
|
|
65679781212eaade2e0ee2ef
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007097
|
GCRF_MRC_PAK_MR/T030003/1
|
3
|
Pakistan
|
South & Central Asia
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.232785
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.232785
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
QUANTIFYING THE TRANSMISSION R...OUTES OF GASTROENTERITIS IN PAKISTAN AND DEVELOPING TARGETED INTERVENTIONS
more
|
Quantifying the transmission r...outes of gastroenteritis in Pakistan and developing targeted interventions
more
|
Gastroenteritis is an infectio...n of the stomach and the intestine by harmful bacteria, and other similar microbes, such as viruses. It causes diarrhoea and dehydration, which can be easily complicated in areas of the world where clean water is in short supply. The disease is a major health problem in Pakistan, where it is estimated to be responsible for nearly 60,000 deaths annually. Indeed, in Pakistan, 38% of children under five years old have received treatment for diarrhoea at some point in their lives. In this project, our project team of social scientists, microbiologists, engineers, epidemiologists, chemists and statisticians will combine to take a genuinely inter-disciplinary approach to understanding the various social, biological, chemical and technical factors affecting the spread of gastroenteritis through agriculture, sanitation, drinking water, food, and person-to-person contact. A significant effort will be made to understand the social attitudes to water, sanitation, hygiene and how those link to agriculture, food and the way communities live their lives. At the same time, the information obtained from studying those cultural issues will be used to help decide on a plan for sampling water and other environmental samples for chemical and biological measurements and experiments. We will focus on some important bacteria and parasites associated with gastroenteritis. Tests will be developed that allow us to rapidly detect those target bacteria (Campylobacter and E.coli) and parasites (Cryptosporidium and Giardia) based on DNA sequencing technology. Among these, Campylobacter is particularly strongly associated with growth-stunting in children. We have recently developed new tests in the UK to allow for rapid detection of the bacteria associated with tuberculosis (bTB) in cows, and we will adapt that technology in Pakistan for gastroenteritis. The development of such low-cost, easily portable, and reliable tests for rapid detection of harmful bacteria and parasites will be a groundbreaking development for disease surveillance and prevention. As part of the project, we will also test the various transmission routes of those bacteria in causing gastroenteritis. To do this, we will set up experiments to, for example, explore the transmission of harmful bacteria from soil or water into leaf crops, root vegetables and fruit. We will also involve a wide variety of social partners. We will use surveys and run facilitated workshops to meet the various people with a stake in clean water and food, good sanitation, and public health. This includes households, tenants and landlords, community leaders, politicians, local and central government, governmental agencies, including those responsible for environmental protection, academic partners in the local universities, water and wastewater companies, the farming community, medical personnel, public health experts and administrators, and a wide variety of NGOs and development agency representa
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
65679781212eaade2e0ee2f0
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007106
|
GCRF_MRC_AP_MR/T005033/1
|
3
|
South & Central Asia, regional
|
South & Central Asia
|
Part I unallocated by income
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
1.077334
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1.077334
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
AZITHROMYCIN AND CEFIXIME COMB...INATION VERSUS AZITHROMYCIN ALONE FOR THE OUT-PATIENT TREATMENT OF TYPHOID IN SOUTH ASIA, A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL
more
|
Azithromycin and cefixime comb...ination versus azithromycin alone for the out-patient treatment of typhoid in South Asia, a randomised controlled trial
more
|
Typhoid fever is characterized... by fever and abdominal symptoms. It affects more than 14 million children and adults globally each year. Between one and two million of these patients may progress to severe and life-threatening complications including intestinal bleeding, intestinal puncture (perforation) with surrounding inflammation (peritonitis) and a syndrome of somnolence and coma (encephalopathy). Up to 1% of patients who get typhoid may die of the disease. A typhoid illness can be followed by a relapse 2-3 weeks later and lead to a prolonged period of ill health and catastrophic financial cost to the family with a resulting burden on the health system and society. In South Asia, which is the largest typhoid hub in the world, the annual burden of disease is estimated at seven million. Effective antimicrobial treatment leads to a resolution of the patient illness in 4 to 6 days and reduces risk of progression to life-threatening complications. If started early in the disease a 7 to 10-day course of treatment with a single oral antimicrobial treatment can be given in an out-patient setting without the need for expensive hospitalization. In the last 20 years fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, have been successfully used. However antimicrobial resistance in the bacteria that cause typhoid fever has now become common in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. In South Asia resistance to ciprofloxacin in typhoid is widespread. Resistance limits the choice of effective antimicrobials and increases the risk of patients developing severe disease. Because of these concerns Salmonella has been recently listed in the 'Priority 2: HIGH on the WHO Priority Pathogens List. A number of experts have called for the use of antimicrobial combinations in typhoid fever to improve the efficacy of treatment and mitigate the problems of resistance. This suggestion is not backed up by good quality evidence. A current standard regimen, recommended by the World Health Organization, is a 7-day course of the oral antimicrobial azithromycin. Emerging evidence from small studies suggests that a combination of azithromycin and cefixime may achieve a better cure than azithromycin alone. The ACT-South Asia study aims to answer the question whether a combination of azithromycin and cefixime is more effective than azithromycin alone in the outpatient treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever. In this trial we will recruit 1500 patients across four sites in typhoid-endemic areas of Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. We will use a placebo (sugar pill) instead of cefixime in the single drug arm so that neither the patient nor the study team know which patient is receiving which treatment. Our aim is to assess whether treatment outcomes are better with the combination regime at completion of the one week of treatment and again at follow-up one and three months after treatment was started. Both of these antimicrobials are widely used and have an excellent safety profiles, but we wi
more
|
|
12182
|
Medical research
|
|
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
|
65679781212eaade2e0ee2f1
|
2020
|
Germany
|
Bundesministerium für Wirtsch...aftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung
more
|
2020007104
|
201806009-3294
|
3
|
Kenya
|
South of Sahara
|
LMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
3
|
10
|
110
|
B01
|
0
|
0.125057
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.125057
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
Other health problems
|
Other health problems Other
|
100
|
CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT OF ...THE EYE CARE STATION AND TRAINING OF QUALIFIED PERSONNEL IN KERUGOYA, KENYA
more
|
Construction and equipment of ...the eye care station and training of qualified personnel in Kerugoya, Kenya
more
|
Construction and equipment of ...the eye care station and training of qualified personnel in Kerugoya, Kenya
more
|
|
12191
|
Medical services
|
|
I.2.a. Health, General
|
51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
|
|
|
65679782212eaade2e0ee2f2
|
2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007117
|
GCRF_MRC_ZAF_MR/R001138/1
|
3
|
South Africa
|
South of Sahara
|
UMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.092675
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.092675
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
STRUCTURE GUIDED DESIGN OF A T...RANSMISSION-BLOCKING MALARIA VACCINE TARGETING PFS48/45
more
|
Structure guided design of a t...ransmission-blocking malaria vaccine targeting Pfs48/45
more
|
Malaria is one of the most dev...astating infectious diseases to affect humankind. It kills around half a million people, mostly young children in Africa. It also places a huge disease burden on large parts of the world, leading to hundreds of millions of serious infections. As well as directly causing suffering and death, this limits the development of large parts of the globe, reducing productivity and maintaining inequality. Malaria is caused by a tiny, single celled parasite, known as Plasmodium. An individual contracts malaria when bitten by an infected mosquito. The parasites are injected into the blood stream as the mosquito feeds. These first develop and divide within the liver without causing disease. They next emerge from the liver and infect red blood cells, replicating and increasing in number and driving the symptoms of malaria. At the same time, a fraction of the parasites within the blood take a different developmental route, adopting a form known as the gametocytes. When a mosquito takes a blood meal from an infected person, they are likely to ingest some of these gametocytes. Within the midgut of the mosquito these develop into male and female gametes, and fuse together. This completes the infection cycle and the parasites move to the salivary glands of the mosquito, ready to be injected into another human victim. Development of a vaccine to prevent malaria has proved very challenging and it is likely that the vaccines of the future will simultaneously target multiple stages of the parasite life cycle, blocking both liver and blood cell entry. One component of such a vaccine is likely to target the gametes of the parasite and to stop them from fusing. This is known as a transmission-blocking vaccine component as it will prevent the development of the parasite within the mosquito and will therefore stop the disease from being passed from person to person through the action of this blood-sucking insect. We study a molecule called Pfs48/45 that is found on the surface of the gametocytes and gametes of Plasmodium parasites. Pfs48/45 is essential for a male gamete to fuse with a female gamete and if the immune system of an animal is exposed to Pfs48/45, it produces molecules called antibodies that bind to Pfs48/45 and prevent gametes from fusing. This means that if we can include Pfs48/45 in a vaccine, it will trigger the human body to make antibodies that will prevent malaria from being transmitted to other people. This will reduce the prevalence of malaria in the community and will help to eradicate the disease. Despite this promise, Pfs48/45 is a challenging molecule to produce in a functional form and in large quantities. In addition, if we are to make vaccines that simultaneously contain multiple components, it will be important for each component to be as small and focused as possible, to make it easier and cheaper for them to be produced and distributed. For this reason we aim to understand the structure and shape of Pfs48/45
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0
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12182
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Medical research
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11000
|
Donor Government
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Donor Government
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|
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65679782212eaade2e0ee2f3
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2020
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United Kingdom
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Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
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2020007108
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GCRF_MRC_ZAF_MR/S002278/1
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3
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South Africa
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South of Sahara
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UMICs
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ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.031335
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.031335
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0
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0
|
0
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0
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Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
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100
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EVALUATION OF A MASK AEROSOL S...AMPLING SYSTEM (MASS) AS AN ACTIVE CASE FINDING APPROACH FOCUSED ON INFECTIOUS TB IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS.
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Evaluation of a Mask Aerosol S...ampling System (MASS) as an Active Case Finding Approach Focused on Infectious TB in Low-Resource Settings.
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Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is... the most important cause of death and disease due to a single bacterial agent. TB is transmitted by aerosols (tiny droplets expelled by coughing and other respiratory efforts) generated by infected individuals. The bacteria-containing droplets are breathed deep into the lungs where, over months and years, disease is produced in about one in ten of those who get the initial infection. Over one quarter of humanity is infected with the bacterium that causes TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but only people who go on to develop lung disease can spread the infection. Mtb must cause lung disease and be spread by aerosols to survive in the long term, if we prevent transmission, eventually the organism will die out and the disease will be eliminated. Thus, detection and treatment of infectious cases is of paramount importance. TB is a disease associated with poverty and, in resource constrained settings, many cases of TB go undiagnosed. This is particularly so in sub-Saharan Africa where healthcare is resource limited. Here, detection of individuals with suggestive symptoms (e.g. prolonged cough) and Mtb positive sputum (coughed up mucus) provides the main means of diagnosis. However, many symptomatic individuals do not access healthcare, even when enabled to do so by community health workers (CHWs) and a significant proportion (20-50%) are not able to produce sputum. The Leicester team have been developing the use of adapted face masks to capture aerosols in a way that allows detection of Mtb in the World Health Organisation-recommended Mtb detection system, called Xpert MTB/RIF. The mask samples allow detection of Mtb positive individuals at a similar frequency to sputum analysis. However, unlike sputum samples, everyone who can wear a mask produces a sample in our mask aerosol sampling system (MASS). MASS is very low cost and requires only modest expertise to take and analyse the samples. In this project we shall evaluate use of the MASS as a low cost community screening tool. Our study is based in the Tshwane district of South Africa (around 1% are estimated to have lung TB) where the Pretoria team have developed a community oriented primary care (COPC) programme (http://www.up.ac.za/en/family-medicine/article/2077127/launch-video) directed to patient and household (HH) centred health promotion. Building on our established TB aerosol collaboration (MRC and Wellcome Trust funded) and, critically, with the support of the 1670 COPC CHWs, we now plan to evaluate application of MASS as a TB screening tool in Tshwane. If favourable, this evaluation will enable us to develop a large scale intervention trial where we will compare the in-practice capacity of MASS-based screening to detect infectious cases with the conventional approach of symptom and sputum screening. If a high proportion of such cases can be detected and treated, the approach has clear potential to reduce the overall frequency of TB in this and other poor
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0
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12182
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Medical research
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|
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51000
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
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|
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65679782212eaade2e0ee2f4
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2020
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United Kingdom
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Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
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2020008496
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MRC_ZAF_MR/M026639/1
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3
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South Africa
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South of Sahara
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UMICs
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ODA Grants
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1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
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0
|
0.233227
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0
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0
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0
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0.233227
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0
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0
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0
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0
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Communicable diseases
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Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
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100
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TRIAL OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTA...TION TO PREVENT ACQUISITION OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN SCHOOLCHILDREN
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Trial of vitamin D supplementa...tion to prevent acquisition of latent tuberculosis infection in schoolchildren
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MRC JGHT award - Trial of vita...min D supplementation to prevent acquisition of latent tuberculosis infection in schoolchildren
more
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0
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12182
|
Medical research
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|
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11000
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Donor Government
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Donor Government
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|
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65679783212eaade2e0ee2f5
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2020
|
Germany
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Foreign Office
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2020008498
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6612257
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3
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Yemen
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Middle East
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LDCs
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ODA Grants
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1
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10
|
110
|
C01
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0
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1.1859325
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0
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0
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0
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2.371865
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0
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0
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Emergency projects (meeting ad...ditional funding needs)
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50
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IMPROVING ACCESS TO HEALTH SER...VICES AND PROTECTING THE PEOPLE MOST AFFECTED BY THE CRISIS IN YEMEN
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Improving access to health ser...vices and protecting the people most affected by the crisis in Yemen
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Improving access to health ser...vices and protecting the people most affected by the crisis in Yemen.
more
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0
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72010
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Material relief assistance and... services
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VIII.1. Emergency Response
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22000
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Donor country-based NGO
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Donor country-based NGO
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|
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65679783212eaade2e0ee2f6
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2020
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United Kingdom
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Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
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2020007110
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GCRF_MRC_ZAF_MR/M007340/1
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3
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South Africa
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South of Sahara
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UMICs
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ODA Grants
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1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
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0
|
0.059373
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0
|
0
|
0
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0.059373
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0
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0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
A PHASE III CLUSTER RANDOMISED... PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL TO ASSESS THE EFFICACY OF PREVENTIVE THERAPY IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT CONTACTS OF MDR-TB
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A phase III cluster randomised... placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of preventive therapy in child and adolescent contacts of MDR-TB
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Context of research: To become... sick with tuberculosis (TB), someone must first be exposed to someone who is coughing, become infected and then develop the disease. People with HIV and young children are more likely to develop TB disease once they are infected. One way to prevent TB is to find the people who live in a home with someone who has TB, check them and treat those with TB infection. This will prevent them from getting sick with TB disease. Many studies have shown that a drug called isoniazid (INH) reduces the risk of developing TB when given after being coughed on, so World Health Organization (WHO) advises giving INH to HIV-infected people and children under age 6 for six months when they have contact with someone with TB. Right now it is unclear what medicine we should give a child who has been exposed to someone with multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB, when the germ is resistant to the most commonly used TB medicines, like INH. MDR-TB is becoming more common. The WHO estimated that there were more than half a million cases worldwide in 2012. Worldwide, it is estimated that at least a million children are exposed to MDR-TB every year. With new tests to diagnose TB quickly that can also detect resistance to the common TB medicines, the number of adults who are diagnosed with MDR-TB cases is increasing. In turn, the number of children exposed to MDR-TB is also increasing. Treating children who become sick with MDR-TB takes a long time (usually 18 months), usually needs a hospital stay, has medicines that may have many side effects, and is expensive. For these reasons, preventing MDR-TB in children is therefore very important. Until now, there have been no big and well designed studies to help us decide if using medicine to prevent a child with contact with someone with MDR-TB from becoming sick works. A few studies where doctors treated patients who have been in contact with MDR-TB have been done, but, each of them had problems. We think medicine to prevent MDR-TB might work, but a better type of study, a randomised control trial, needs to be done to prove that it works before we can be sure. Aims and objectives: We want to do a study in South Africa that looks at people living in the homes of someone with MDR TB disease. We will use a drug that doctors already use to treat MDR-TB called levofloxacin (LFX). We will test whether this medicine, given every day for 6 months, can prevent children from getting TB and/or dying. We will include children who live with someone with MDR-TB in the study. Children who get the medicine will be compared to those who get a sugar pill or placebo. This sugar pill looks like LFX but has no active medicine. Children will be followed for 24 months to make sure they do not get TB or have any side effects. We will also check if the medicine was easy to take, if it was safe, or if the TB became resistant to the LFX. We will also check how expensive it is to give this kind of medicine in the way that we thi
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12182
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Medical research
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|
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51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
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65679783212eaade2e0ee2f7
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2020
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United Kingdom
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Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
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2020007609
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GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FCGR120-FCG\R1\...201007
more
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3
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South Africa
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South of Sahara
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UMICs
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ODA Grants
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1
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10
|
110
|
D02
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0
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0.028863
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0
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0
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0
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0.028863
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0
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0
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0
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0
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Communicable diseases
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Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
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RINGS AROUND THE GLOBE: 'GROWI...NG' MACROCYCLIC DRUGS FROM YORK TO CAPE TOWN
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Rings around the globe: 'growi...ng' macrocyclic drugs from York to Cape Town
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Research Grant - Collaboration... between UK and a FLAIR Fellow based in South Africa. Developing new chemical techniques for 'growing' marcrocyclic rings, an important and difficult to synthesise component of many drug molecules. SDGs 3,4.
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12250
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Infectious disease control
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51000
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
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65679783212eaade2e0ee2f8
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2020
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United Kingdom
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Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
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2020007611
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GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FCGR120-FCG\R1\...201024
more
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3
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South Africa
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South of Sahara
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UMICs
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ODA Grants
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1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
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0
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0.032064
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0
|
0
|
0
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0.032064
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0
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0
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0
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0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
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100
|
INVESTIGATING MICROGLIAL FUNCT...ION IN NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS AND SEIZURES.
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Investigating microglial funct...ion in neurocysticercosis and seizures.
more
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Research Grant - Collaboration... between UK and a FLAIR Fellow based in South Africa. Investigating the structural and functional effects of infecting brain cells with tapeworm larvae, the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in Africa. SDG 3.
more
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12382
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Research for prevention and co...ntrol of NCDs
more
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51000
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
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University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
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|
|
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65679783212eaade2e0ee2f9
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2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007622
|
GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FR12020-FLR\R1\...201619
more
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3
|
South Africa
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South of Sahara
|
UMICs
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ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.155501
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0
|
0
|
0
|
0.155501
|
0
|
0
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0
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0
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Communicable diseases
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Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
100
|
TARGETING THE PLASMODIUM AUROR...A-RELATED KINASES FOR MALARIA DRUG DISCOVERY
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Targeting the Plasmodium auror...a-related kinases for malaria drug discovery
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Fellowship award based in Sout...h Africa. Developing kinase inhibitors as treatments for malaria, using a target-based drug discovery approach to enable the rational design of new drugs and provide new insight into the biology of the parasite. SDG 3.
more
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12262
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Malaria control
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|
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51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
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65679784212eaade2e0ee2fa
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2020
|
United Kingdom
|
Department for Business, Innov...ation and Skills
more
|
2020007616
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GCRF-RSRFFLAIR-FR12020-FLR\R1\...201831
more
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3
|
South Africa
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South of Sahara
|
UMICs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0
|
0.0728325
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.145665
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Communicable diseases
|
Communicable diseases Research... and Development
more
|
50
|
ENSURING HUMAN FOOD AND ANIMAL... FEED SAFETY: CHARACTERIZING SOURCES OF MYCOTOXIN CONTAMINATION
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|
Ensuring human food and animal... feed safety: Characterizing sources of mycotoxin contamination
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|
Fellowship award based in Sout...h Africa. Research into the diversity of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in food and animal feed across South Africa. Mycotoxin contamination of food and animal feed poses serious threats to human and animal health in Africa, particularly affecting the poorest communities. SDGs 2,3.
more
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31182
|
Agricultural research
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|
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51000
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think-tank
more
|
University, college or other t...eaching institution, research institute or think?tank
more
|
|
|
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65679784212eaade2e0ee2fb
|
2020
|
Switzerland
|
Swiss Agency for Development a...nd Co-operation
more
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2020008490
|
7F-00790.09.35
|
3
|
Burkina Faso
|
South of Sahara
|
LDCs
|
ODA Grants
|
1
|
10
|
110
|
D02
|
0.00131
|
0.001288
|
0
|
0
|
0.00131
|
0.001288
|
|
0.00131
|
|
|
Classified as not health-speci...fic activity
more
|
|
100
|
FORMATION D'UN MÉDECIN LÉGIS...TE EN SUISSE - SMALL ACTION CREDIT
more
|
Formation d'un médecin légis...te en Suisse - small action credit
more
|
Les crédits globaux pour peti...tes actions permettent le financement d'opérations ponctuelles, peu coûteuses, significatives en termes de développement, à composantes diverses (techniques, sociales, organisationnelles et de gestion, politique, économique, informative, etc.)
more
|
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72050
|
Relief co-ordination and suppo...rt services
more
|
3.8,1.5
|
VIII.1. Emergency Response
|
23000
|
Developing country-based NGO
|
|
|
|
