Accessed: 08.10.2019
Based on the National Guidelines for the Management of Tuberculosis in Children 2013, Department of Health, South Africa.
This document contains: The systematic reviews and GRADE assessments used at the Index-TB Guideline Panel in July 2015; The Evidence to Decision tables that record the Panel’s assessment and recommendations from
this meeting
Esta guía va dirigida a los profesionales de la salud que proporcionan asistencia curativa en dispensarios y hospitales. Hemos intentado responder a las preguntas y problemas con los que se enfrenta el personal sanitario, procurando dar soluciones prácticas y aunando la experiencia adquirida por M...édicos Sin Fronteras en el terreno, las recomendaciones de organismos de referencia como la Organización Mundial de la Salud y aquellas obras especializadas en la materia.
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Global COVID-19 Clinical Platform: Case Record Form for suspected cases of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in children and adolescents temporally related to COVID-19
Plataforma clínica mundial de la COVID-19. Formulario de notificación de casos presuntos de síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico (SIM) en niños y adolescentes que coincide cronológicamente con la COVID-19
Dispõe sobre orientações para identificação, investigação e manejo do evento adverso pós vacinação de miocardite/pericardite no contexto da vacinação contra a COVID-19 no Brasil
Existen notificaciones de eventos relacionados con la vacuna (ESAVI) de
miocarditis/pericarditis en adolescentes tras la administración de vacunas ARNm(Pfizer y Moderna) especialmente tras la segunda dosis. Al momento no seencuentra asociación entre la enfermedad y la administración de la vacuna....
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La miocarditis es una enfermedad inflamatoria con compromiso focal o difuso del miocardio, que se presenta de forma fulminante, pudiendo ser aguda, subaguda o crónica.Las que poseen un nivel de gravedad suficiente para reconocerlas clínicamente, son raras, pero la prevalencia de los casos leves y ...asintomáticos probablemente sea más elevada.
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Campaña Nacional de Vacunación contra la COVID-19
La dosis de refuerzo está indicada una vez transcurridos los 4 meses (120 días) de la última dosis del esquema inicial y será con vacuna de plataforma ARNm: Pfizer-BioNTech pediátrica a partir de los 5 años o Moderna para uso pediátrico a partir de los 6 años.
La evidencia disponible a nivel internacional sobre el uso de un segundo refuerzo muestra una mayor duración de la respuesta inmune y una disminución de la internación y la mortalidad por COVID 19 en la población de adultos mayores y huéspedes inmunocomprometidos. Por otra parte, el personal de... salud se beneficiaría considerando el mayor riesgo de exposición y la caída de la respuesta inmune con el tiempo. En base a lo señalado previamente se recomienda incorporar y
priorizar un segundo refuerzo al esquema de vacunación contra la COVID-19 del:
- Personal de salud independientemente de la edad
- Personas de 50 años o mayores
- Personas de 12 años o más con inmunocompromiso
A la vez, se progresará de manera escalonada y simultánea con la vacunación de segundo refuerzo del:
- Personal estratégico
- Personas de 18 a 49 años con factores de riesgo
Continuando en la estrategia de segundo refuerzo todas las personas a partir de los 18 años. Las personas gestantes con indicación de segundo refuerzo, se recomienda vacunas de plataforma de ARNm (Pfizer-BioNTech o Moderna)
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El siguiente manual se continuará actualizando, de ser necesario, a medida que se disponga de nueva información.
Africa is witnessing an epidemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with staggering morbidity and mortality. The spectrum of CVD includes hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerotic disease, congenital heart disease and tuberculous pericarditis. Opportunities exist to alter ...the trajectory of CVD epidemiology but require committed policy makers, functional health systems and an engaged citizenry.
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Heart failure (HF) is a global public health concern with disproportionate socioeconomic, morbidity and mortality burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review summarises contemporary data on the demographic and clinical characteristics, aetiologies, treatment, economic burden and ...outcomes of HF in LMICs. Patients with HF in LMICs are younger than those from high-income countries (HICs) and present at advanced stages of the disease. Hypertension, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), cardiomyopathy (CMO), and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are the leading causes of HF in LMICs. The contribution of infectious diseases to HF remains prominent in many LMICs. Most health facilities in LMICs lack adequate diagnostic tools for HF, and the use of evidence-based medical and device therapies is suboptimal. Further, HF in LMICs is associated with prolonged hospital stay and high in-hospital and one-year mortality. Finally, HF has profound economic impact on individual patients who, mostly, have no health insurance, and on societies where patients are young, comprising those who have the greatest potential to contribute to economic productivity.
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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the second common cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounting for about 35% of all deaths, after a composite of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases. Despite prior perception of low NCDs mortality rates, current evidence suggests t...hat SSA is now at the dawn of the epidemiological transition with contemporary double burden of disease from NCDs and communicable diseases. In SSA, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most frequent causes of NCDs deaths, responsible for approximately 13% of all deaths and 37% of all NCDs deaths. Although ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been identified as the leading cause of CVDs mortality in SSA followed by stroke and hypertensive heart disease from statistical models, real field data suggest IHD rates are still relatively low. The neglected endemic CVDs of SSA such as endomyocardial fibrosis and rheumatic heart disease as well as congenital heart diseases remain unconquered. While the underlying aetiology of heart failure among adults in high-income countries (HIC) is IHD, in SSA the leading causes are hypertensive heart disease, cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease, and congenital heart diseases. Of concern is the tendency of CVDs to occur at younger ages in SSA populations, approximately two decades earlier compared to HIC. Obstacles hampering primary and secondary prevention of CVDs in SSA include insufficient health care systems and infrastructure, scarcity of cardiac professionals, skewed budget allocation and disproportionate prioritization away from NCDs, high cost of cardiac treatments and interventions coupled with rarity of health insurance systems. This review gives an overview of the descriptive epidemiology of CVDs in SSA, while contrasting with the HIC and highlighting impediments to their management and making recommendations.
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