Search database
LIST OPTIONS
Filter
26802
Filtered Results: 26802
Text search: w
Featured
Language
Document type
No document type
13223
Studies & Reports
3940
Guidelines
3064
Fact sheets
1363
Manuals
1098
Strategic & Response Plan
781
Resource Platforms
684
Infographics
663
Training Material
545
Situation Updates
463
Videos
389
Brochures
252
Online Courses
234
Dashboards/Maps
75
App
28
Countries / Regions
Global
1338
India
961
Germany
865
Kenya
503
Sierra Leone
496
Congo, Democratic Republic of
457
Liberia
432
South Africa
424
Nepal
423
Latin America and the Carribbean
408
Nigeria
401
Ethiopia
387
Western and Central Europe
377
Africa
361
Ukraine
353
Uganda
348
Russia
345
Syria
329
Myanmar / Burma
329
Senegal
314
Indonesia
299
Rwanda
287
Bangladesh
287
Tanzania
281
Brazil
276
Malawi
259
Guinea
259
Haiti
255
Venezuela
255
Mozambique
244
Burkina Faso
235
Zambia
234
Yemen
215
Ghana
203
Eastern Europe
196
West and Central Africa
190
South Sudan
183
Philippines
180
Paraguay
175
Namibia
173
Middle East and North Africa
171
East and Southern Africa
147
Colombia
143
Mali
132
Zimbabwe
130
Argentina
125
Benin
119
Cameroon
117
Lesotho
114
Cambodia
111
South–East Asia Region
111
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
108
Asia
107
Côte d’Ivoire / Ivory Coast
107
Madagascar
98
Angola
96
Peru
94
Central African Republic
92
Niger
67
Botswana
67
Somalia
66
Bolivia
64
Lebanon
64
Chile
63
Afghanistan
63
Ecuador
61
Eswatini/ Swaziland
61
Pakistan
61
Guinea-Bissau
57
Chad
53
Sudan
49
USA
48
China
44
Vietnam
42
El Salvador
40
Spain
40
Jordan
39
Iraq
38
Tajikistan
36
Thailand
35
Togo
35
Western Pacific Region
34
Turkey
33
North America
32
Moldova
26
Sri Lanka
26
Mexico
24
Albania
24
Burundi
23
Switzerland
22
Portugal
22
Laos
21
United Kingdom
21
Italy
20
Palestine
20
Kazakhstan
18
Iran
18
Guatemala
18
Egypt
17
Greece
17
Georgia
17
Honduras
17
Singapore
16
Armenia
16
Kyrgyzstan
15
Libya
15
Papua New Guinea
14
North Macedonia
13
Malaysia
13
Saudi Arabia
13
France
13
Belarus
13
Southern Africa
12
Estonia
11
Uzbekistan
11
Gambia
10
Ireland
10
Romania
10
Poland
10
Timor Leste/ East Timor
9
Serbia
9
Canada
9
Congo-Brazzaville
9
Morocco
9
Dominican Republic
9
Hungary
9
Djibouti
9
Japan
8
Tunisia
8
Nicaragua
8
Austria
7
Mauritania
7
Uruguay
7
Jamaica
7
Bhutan
7
Luxembourg
6
Turkmenistan
6
Gabon
5
Azerbaijan
5
Cuba
5
North Korea
4
Australia
4
Fiji
4
Vanuatu
4
Mongolia
4
Croatia
4
Belgium
4
South Korea
4
Qatar
3
Denmark
3
Mauritius
3
Algeria
3
Israel
3
Bosnia and Herzegovina
3
Guyana
3
Bulgaria
2
Lithuania
2
Maldives
2
French Guyana
2
Latvia
2
Slovakia
2
Solomon Islands
2
Cape Verde
1
Norway
1
Morocco
1
Slovenia
1
Barbados
1
Belize
1
Costa Rica
1
Eritrea
1
Oman
1
Panama
1
United Arab Emirates
1
Bahamas
1
Authors & Publishers
African Union
168
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
144
Africa CDC
37
Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention
31
AIDSinfo
31
American Cancer Society
20
Africa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
16
Amnesty International
16
ALNAP
15
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Safeguarding Africa's Health)
14
Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
13
American Lung Association
12
African Union, Africa CDC
11
ACAPS
10
and S. Mauder
10
AidData at William & Mary
9
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC)
8
Alliance for Public Health
8
AIDSFree
7
Allergy Foundation South Africa
7
and W.A. Petri
7
Antares Foundation
7
ABDA Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Apothekerverbände
6
American Heart Association
6
4Children
5
A. Armstrong
5
Action Against Hunger
5
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy
5
Alzheimer's Disease International
5
and ICF
5
and P. Reijer
5
AOSIS
5
1 a Pharma
4
A. Ronan
4
A. Stich
4
A. Tareen
4
A. von Gontard
4
Access to Medicine Foundation
4
ACCSI
4
ACT Consortium
4
Action contre la Faim France
4
Action contre le Faim
4
Adeloye, D.
4
Advancing Partners & Communities
4
AETAS Kinderstiftung
4
AFEM African Federation For Emergency Medicine
4
African Palliative Care Association
4
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) Dakar, Sénégal et MEASURE DHS, ICF International
4
Alabí Montoya, F.J.
4
AMBOSS
4
Amref Health Africa
4
and C. Hoffmann
4
and J. Mauder
4
1 A Pharma GmbH
3
A. A. Williamson
3
A. Aerts, M. Grzemska
3
A. Berg
3
A. Bone
3
A. Kamarulzaman
3
A. Latypov
3
A. Martin
3
A. Sönnerborg
3
A. Turkova
3
A. Warnke
3
ABDA - Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Apothekerverbände
3
Abela-Ridder, B.
3
Act Alliance
3
Advance Family Planning (AFP)
3
African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine
3
African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control APOC
3
Aga Khan Health Service, Kenya
3
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) Dakar, Sénégal
3
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie Ministère de la Santé et de l’Action Sociale
3
Aidsmap
3
Aidspan
3
Aktionsbündnis gegen AIDS
3
Alan J. Flisher, Michelle Funk, Natalie Drew et al.
3
All India Disaster Mitigation Institute AIDMI
3
Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments
3
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP)
3
American Nurses Association
3
American Thoracic Society
3
AMREF
3
Annals of Global Health
3
Anxiety Canada
3
Apotheker ohne Grenzen
3
28 Too Many
2
4 Children
2
A. August Burns, Ronnie Lovich, Jane Maxwell, Katharine Shapiro
2
A. Ball
2
A. Bitalabeho
2
A. Caye
2
A. Dramowski and R. Turner
2
A. G. Lentoor
2
A. Ivanenko
2
A. Jain
2
A. Kanchar
2
A. Marconi
2
A. Mejia
2
A. Pharris
2
A. S. Brand
2
A. S. Graeff-Martins
2
A. Sandoz Brand
2
A. Stringaris
2
A. Teltschik
2
A. Tokar
2
A. Yakovleva
2
Aagaard-Hansen, J.
2
Abdool-Gaffar, S. et al.
2
Abdulmalik, J.
2
Acción contra el Hambre España
2
ACCSI, et al.
2
ACF International
2
ACF International Network
2
Achieving control of asthma in children in africa - acacia
2
ACLED
2
ACNUR
2
Act Against AIDS
2
Action against AIDS
2
Action against AIDS Germany
2
Action Aid
2
ActionAid Myanmar
2
Adams, J
2
Addiction/Suisse
2
Addiss, D.
2
Adele Harmer and Abby Stoddard, Humanitarian Outcomes
2
AFEM African Federation For Emergency Medicine / Fédération Africaine de Médecine d'Urgence
2
Africa Region
2
African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Children ACERWC
2
African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
2
African Union (AU)
2
African Union, African CDC, World Health Organisation
2
Aga Khan Health Services, Kenya
2
Agbanyo A.
2
Agbavor B.
2
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD)
2
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) [Sénégal] et ICF
2
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) [Sénégal], et ICF
2
Agentur der Europäischen Union für Grundrechte
2
Ahmed, H.
2
AHOP
2
AidData
2
AIDS
2
AIDS and Rights Alliance for Southern Africa
2
AIDS Care Trust of Namibia
2
AIDS Free (Strenghtening High Impact Interventions for a AIDS-free Generation)
2
Aidsfonds
2
AIEPI
2
Alexander von Gontard
2
All in Diary
2
Alzheimer's Association
2
Ambulatorium für Folter- und Kriegsopfer SRK
2
American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and American Psychiatric Association
2
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
2
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
2
American College of Cardiology - NCD Academy
2
American Diabetes Association
2
American Psychiatric Association
2
American Public Health Association
2
American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP)
2
and A. Rouse
2
and E. Möhler
2
and I. Feijo
2
and J. Rüppel
2
Anderson, L.
2
Andrew Moran
2
Anne-Sophie Coutin, et al.
2
Aponet.de
2
Apotheker ohne Grenzen und Brot für die Welt
2
#59&#59
1
#actofhumanity
1
#Tackle Ebola
1
(CDC) Center for disease control and prevention
1
(National Union of Disabilities’ Organisations of Rwanda) NUDOR
1
(Regional Office of the World Health Organization)
1
(World Psychiatry
1
)Unicef
1
, M. K. C. Nair
1
, S. Evans‐Lacko
1
, S. Eymard-Duvernay
1
, UNICEF
1
. Amini
1
. Women's Refugee Commission (WRC)
1
.World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
1000 Cities 1000 Lives
1
120 under forty - The new generation of family planning leaders
1
1mg
1
2011
1
2014 Demographic and Health Survey Key Findings
1
2016
1
2018
1
2020
1
2021 Malawi Sustainability Index and Dashboard Summary
1
3 Good Health and well-beeing
1
350
1
390: 898&ndash
1
3ie Impact
1
3RP
1
4 Children (Coordinating Comprehensive Care for Children)
1
80,000 hours
1
912
1
[Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)]
1
[Global Handwashing Partnership]
1
[ICAP]
1
[Inter Sector Coordination Group (ISCG)]
1
[Republic of Libera, Ministry for Health]
1
a
1
A global NGO network for principled and effective humanitarian action (ICVA)
1
A Research Lab at William & Mary
1
A, Figueroa
1
A.
1
A. Rimoin
1
A. A. Neilson, C. A. Mayer
1
A. A. Olashore
1
A. Abbara, F. Kaduni Bawa, et al.
1
A. Abdul-Quader
1
A. Abdul-Quader, M. Berry, T. Bingham
1
A. Abdullah Khan, H. Akter Mita, et al.
1
A. Abdulmoneim
1
A. Abutidze
1
A. Adesina
1
A. Al-Kassem,F. Joria,H. Alnahhas, et al.
1
A. Alebel
1
A. Amouzou
1
A. Anand
1
A. Anand, J. Sandefur, and A. Subramanian
1
A. Arzimanoglou
1
A. August Burns, Sandy Nieman, Elena Metcalf, Ronnie Lovich, Jane Maxwell, Katharine Shapiro
1
A. Baddeley
1
A. Baller, et al.
1
A. Baumann, C. Hofstetter, et al.
1
A. Bello Cherifath
1
A. Benson
1
A. Benzacar
1
A. Bhakta Shrestha
1
A. Bokazhanova
1
A. Bolotbaeva
1
A. Boltaev
1
A. Brotherton
1
A. Brown
1
A. C. Hesseling, M. F. Cotton, C. F. von Reyn, et al.
1
A. Caye, P. J Frick & L. A Rohde
1
A. Chiumento
1
A. Chu, Z. Li et al.
1
A. Cohen, J. Eaton, B. Radtke, et al.
1
A. Cournil
1
A. D. Meundi, M. D. Meundi, B. B. Dhabadi
1
A. D. Meundi, M. D. Meundi, B. B. Dhabadi, et al.
1
A. Delpak, et al.
1
A. Dicko, H.Tinto, et al.
1
A. dos Santos Filho, W. Marques, P. Dourado, et al.
1
A. Dramowski
1
A. Dreher
1
A. E. Kendall
1
A. E. Micah
1
A. E. Miranda
1
A. Erbowor-Becksen, R. Yotsu, et al.
1
A. Fay
1
A. Figueroa
1
A. Fouda Bita et. al.
1
A. Freitez, M. González and G. Zúñiga
1
A. Fuchs
1
A. Fuss, H.D. Mazigo, et al.
1
A. Fuss, U. Ziegler, et al.
1
A. G. Yemaneberhan
1
A. García-Prado, J.P. Sarmiento, et al.
1
A. Gebrie
1
A. Gheorghe
1
A. Goba, et al.
1
A. Goga
1
A. Grimsrud
1
A. Guedes
1
A. Gupta
1
A. H. Sohn
1
A. Haakenstad et al.
1
A. Haenen
1
A. Halacu
1
A. Hanciles-Amu
1
A. Harxhi
1
A. Harxkhi, et al.
1
A. Hasenbush
1
A. Hessling
1
A. Horban
1
A. Hovhannesyan, P. Moonan, A. Dadu
1
A. Imohe, J. Krasevec et al.
1
A. Isehak
1
A. IYANE SOW
1
A. J. Flisher
1
A. J. Gage
1
A. J. M. Cho
1
A. J. Prendergas
1
A. J. Shattock
1
A. Jindani, A. Nunn, D. A. Enarson
1
A. Judd
1
A. K. Lam
1
A. Kamensa, S. Olsena
1
A. Kanabus
1
A. Kapilashrami
1
A. Karimi, R. M. Ghanaie
1
A. L. Drake
1
A. L. P. Batista
1
A. L. Slogrove
1
A. L. Wirtz
1
A. L.C. de Vries, K. J. Zucker
1
A. Lachman
1
A. Landry, et al.
1
A. LC de Vries
1
A. Liland
1
A. Locke, N. Kirst, C.G. Shultz
1
A. Long
1
A. Lwidiko
1
A. Lycett
1
A. M. Rosasco
1
A. M. Tavares
1
A. Mahieu
1
A. Malaza
1
A. Malik, M.Li, et al.
1
A. Medhanyie, M. Spigt, Y. Kifle, et al.
1
A. Menon
1
A. Micah
1
A. Mijch
1
A. Minter, J. Edmunds et al.
1
A. Miruka
1
A. Miti
1
A. Moniruzzaman
1
A. Montresor
1
A. Moolla, S. Kgowedi et al.
1
A. Muñoz del Carpio Toia
1
A. Murray-Zmijewski
1
A. Mwangi
1
A. Nasheeda
1
A. Nicholson
1
A. Ntamwishimiro Soumare, et B. my Semegan
1
A. Nyundo
1
A. O. Rojas Vistorte , W. Ribeiro, C. Ziebold, et al.
1
A. Ojoo, B. Amugune et al.
1
A. P. C. F. Freire
1
A. Pantoja et al.
1
A. Pawlowski, M. Jansson, M. Sköld, et al.
1
A. Pereira, B. do Valle Pinheiro et al.
1
A. Phillips
1
A. Pirani
1
A. Piubello
1
A. Prüss-Ustün
1
A. Rakotoarisoa, L. Randrianasolo, S. Tempia, et al.
1
A. Rihan
1
A. Roy, M. Eisenhut, R. . Harris, et al.
1
A. Russolillo
1
A. Sahoo and R. Goswami
1
A. Sands
1
A. Scandurra, Dr. S. Libianchi, G. Parisi
1
A. Scheibe
1
A. Sharma
1
A. Silveira
1
A. Smajljaj
1
A. Sondheimer
1
A. South, H. Ledigo-Quigley, P. Khan, et al.
1
A. Sriram
1
A. Stavropoulou, A. Philalidis, et al.
1
A. Stein
1
A. Stengaard
1
A. Strode
1
A. T. Choko
1
A. T. Makadzange
1
A. Tami, M.E. Grillet, et al.
1
A. Tandon et al.
1
A. Tausch
1
A. Terlikbayeva, S. Hermosilla, S. Galea, et al.
1
A. Träbert
1
A. Tursynbayeva
1
A. van Ahee
1
A. Verster
1
A. Vieno
1
A. Volokha
1
A. W. Gold
1
A. Welbourn
1
A. Wirtz
1
A. Xhuvani
1
A. Yager
1
A. Yajima
1
A. Yakubovich
1
A. Zumla
1
A.-C. ZK Bissek
1
A.-M. Bergh,,and M. Makua
1
A.B. A. Boxall, D. W. Kolpin, et al.
1
A.B. Ghartey
1
A.B.M Swai
1
A.C. Barbosa Caetano, J.C. Wenceslau Cocovich et al.
1
A.C. Sarubbi
1
A.C. Ubesie
1
A.D. Négrel, H.R. Taylor and S. West
1
A.Deshpande
1
A.Farkas et al.
1
A.Goncé, A. Hawkins-Villarreal et al.
1
A.Hill, T. Swan and K.Timmermans
1
A.I. Kryvoruk
1
A.K. Kathuria
1
A.L. Bustinduy, W.E. Secor, et al.
1
A.L. Carbajal de la Fuente, C. Carillo, et al.
1
A.L: Fanning
1
A.Lachman
1
A.Mavrodaris
1
A.Naess Herstad
1
A.O. Dieng, I. Diallo et. al.
1
A.O.Al-Kathib, K.S.Al-Mazhoum, et al.
1
A.R. Orihuela
1
A.Ramesh
1
A.Sullivan
1
A.V. Sudakova
1
A.W. Gelb, W.W. Morriss, W. Johnson, et al.
1
A4NH
1
AAGBI Foundation
1
Aantjes, C.
1
AAP, ACEP, ENA, the EMSC National Resource Center, and Children’s National Medical Center USA
1
Aaron M Kipp, Margaret Maimbolwa, Marie A Brault et al.
1
Aarthi, G.R.
1
Aarti Patel, Patrick Mubangizi, Christa Cepuch
1
Abad, B.
1
Abbara, A.
1
Abdala, M et al
1
Abdel-All, M
1
Abdool-Gaffar, M. S.
1
Abdoulaye F., M. Bop, A. Kane
1
Abdoulaye Mar Dieye
1
Abdul Rahim, H.F.
1
Abdulkareem, B.
1
Abdullah, W.H.
1
Abdulmalik et al.
1
Abdulrahim, D.
1
Abebaw Fekadu, Girmay Medhin, Medhin Selamu, et al.
1
Abebe, B.
1
Abeje Fekadu, G. F. Ambaw Getahun
1
Abela-Ridder, B. et al.
1
Abera, M.
1
Abetz, L.
1
Abhaskhanian, A.
1
Abibou Mamadou and Modeste Anato
1
Abida Haq binti Syed M. Haq et al.
1
AbiG Außergewöhnliche biologische Gefahren
1
Abimbola, S.
1
Abir, T.
1
Ablo Prudence Wachinou, Serge Ade, Gildas Agodokpessi, Berenice Awanou, Dissou Affolabi, Wilfried Bekou, Marius Esse, Gabriel Ade, Severin Anagonou, Anthony D. Harries,1Programme National contre la Tuberculose (PNT), Cotonou, Bénin
1
Aboagye, S. Y.
1
Abola, M. T. B.
1
Aboud S., R. Mdegela
1
Abras A., Ballart C., Fernández-Arévalo A., et al.
1
Abt Associates
1
Abu A. Conteh (Chief CHO MoHS), Jeri Sumitani (MMSc, PA-C), Nadia Cobb (MS, PA-C)
1
Abu Mouch et al.
1
Abubakar, A.
1
Abubakar, B.K.
1
Abubakar, I.
1
Abuga, J.A.
1
Acacia Study Group
1
Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM)
1
Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies MCSER Publishing
1
Academic Journals
1
Academicus (International Scientific Journal)
1
Academy for Educational Development
1
Academy of Medical Royal Colleges , England
1
ACAPS (Assessment Capacities Project)
1
ACC
1
Access Campaign, Médecins sans Frontières
1
Access Living
1
Acclimatise, Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN)
1
Accoe K.
1
Accreditation Counci for Continuing Medical Education
1
ACCSI, CIAT
1
ACCSI, ICASO
1
Aceite o Desafio (Terminemos com a AIDS)
1
ACF
1
ACF International Network and the Oakland Institute
1
ACF International Network and Tripode
1
ACF International, SIDA
1
ACF, CAWSTet al.
1
Achary A.
1
Acharya, S., S. Sharma, B. Dulal, K. Aryal
1
Achoki, T., M. K. Miller-Petrie, S.D. Glenn, et al.
1
Acibadem University, Atasehir-Istanbul, Turkey
1
Ackerman Gulaid, Laurie
1
Acnur&#47
1
Acosta del Rio, P.
1
ACPF, Plan International
1
ACPR
1
Act to End NTDs East
1
Act to End NTDs. USAID and Fhi360
1
ACT Watch Group  et al
1
ACT-Accelerator: An economic investment case & financing requirements
1
Acta Medica Academica
1
Acta Scientific Medical Sciences​
1
ACTafrica, HNP
1
Action agains Hunger
1
Action Contre la Faim (ACF)
1
Action Contre la Faim (ACF) International
1
Action Contre la Faim (ACF) International,
1
Action Contre la Faim | ACF International
1
ACTION global health advocacy partnership
1
Action on Anitbiotic Resistance (ReAct)
1
Action on Armed Violence
1
ACTION partner oranizations
1
ActionAid, Danish Refugee Council, Norwegian Refugee Council, et al
1
ActionAid, ВОЗ, ЮНИСЕФ, et al.
1
Actualized.org
1
Adachi, Y.
1
Adam C. Levine, M.D., M.P.H., Pranav P. Shetty, M.D., M.P.H., Patricia C. Henwood, M.D., Pardis Sabeti, M.D., Joel T. Katz, M.D., and Anand Vaidya, M.D.
1
Adams, J.
1
adapted from Bang et al., Ann Intern Med (2009)
1
Aday A.W.
1
Aday, A.W.
1
ADCAP Age & Disability Capacity
1
ADCAP Age an& Disability Capactiy
1
Adcock, I. M.
1
Addiction Rehab Treatment Centre
1
Addiction Suisse
1
Addis Ababa City Administration Health Bureau
1
Addiss, D.G.
1
Addo-Yobo, E. et al.
1
Addressing the Challenge and Constraints of Insulin Sources and Supply ACCISS
1
Adebowale T., Umukoro O., Gater R., et al.
1
Adela Cayetano, R.D.
1
Adele Harmer et Abby Stoddard, Humanitarian Outcomes
1
Adele Harmer y Abby Stoddard, Humanitarian Outcomes
1
Adelekan, B.
1
adelphi
1
Adfam
1
Adhikari, B.
1
ADIA Erding
1
Aditya Vyas
1
Adler, A.J.
1
Adolescent Division, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Government of India
1
Adonai 91
1
Adrian Angold & Elizabeth J. Costello
1
Adrian Sondheimer
1
Adrian Sondheimer, Joseph M Rey, Переводчик: Константин Мужановский
1
Adriana Jiménez Rojas
1
Adriko, M.
1
Advanced Life Support Group, Childhealth Advocacy International
1
Advanced Training Program on Humanitarian Action ATHA
1
Advancing Partners & Communities (APC)
1
Advancing pharmacy worldwide
1
Advantage Africa, FIRAH, Resource Center Applied Research and Disability
1
Adventist Development and Relief Agency International, Caritas, Fiji Red Cross Society et al.
1
Advocates for action
1
AECT
1
AED
1
AERAS
1
AfClix
1
AFEW
1
Afford
1
Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund (ARTF)
1
AFMC Resource Group
1
AFP Fact check
1
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (
1
Africa CDC: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
1
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Africa CDC
1
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease , African CDC
1
Africa Disability Alliance (ADA)
1
Africa Health Organisation (AHO)
1
Africa Infodemic Response Alliance, IFRC, UNICEF
1
Africa One Health University Network (AFROHUN)
1
Africa Stop Ebola
1
African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes
1
African Centre for Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture Victims (ACTV)
1
African Development Bank
1
African Development Bank Group
1
African Development Fund
1
African Disability Rights Yearbook
1
African Evaluation Journal
1
African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET)
1
African Health Observatory, World Health Organization (WHO)
1
African Journal of Disability
1
African Journal of Laboratory Medicine
1
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
1
African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine (PHCFM)
1
African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, AOSIS
1
African Journals Online (AJOL)
1
African Leaders Malaria Alliance ALMA
1
African Population and Health Research Centre APHRC
1
African Population Studies
1
African Prgramme for Onchocerciasis Control
1
African Religious Health Assests Programme ARHAP
1
African Religious Health Assets Programme (ARHAP)
1
African Society for Laboratory Medicine ASLM
1
African Union of the Blind (AFUB), Cameroon National Association for the Blind (CNAB)
1
African Union UN Human Rights Council
1
African Union, ALMA, and RMB Partnership to End Malaria
1
AFRIK CONSULTING Sonder, Mesurer, Evaluer
1
AfrOx
1
Afshin, A.
1
Aftab Ala, Elizabeth Boxall, Steven Bradley et al.
1
Afulani PA, Nutor JJ, Agbadi P, Gyamerah AO, Musana J, Aborigo RA, et al.
1
Ag Ahmed M. et al.
1
Agar Brugiavini and Noemi Pace
1
Agarwal, A.
1
Agbiji E., Agbiji O.M.
1
Agbor, V.N.
1
Age and Disability Consortium
1
Ageed, A.
1
AGEF
1
Ageing and Disability Task Force (ADTF)
1
Agence de plannification et de coordination du NEPAD
1
Agence du Médicament de Madagascar
1
Agence France-Presse
1
Agence national de la statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD)
1
Agence national de statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD)
1
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) Dakar, Sénégal
1
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) [Sénégal] et ICF International
1
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) [Sénégal], et ICF International
1
Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie (ANSD) et ICF International
1
Agencia Espanola de Cooperación International para el Desarrollo
1
Agencia Espanola de Cooperation International
1
Agencia Espanola de Cooperatión International para el Desarrollo
1
Agency for Integrated Care
1
Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development (ACTED)
1
Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry
1
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
1
Ager, A, Ager, W, Stavrou, V. & Boothby, N.
1
Ager, D., Oele, G., Muhula, S., et al
1
Agne Diminskyte
1
AGNES B. SEGARRA, LEA MYLENE R. REBANAL, FE A. SINSON et al.
1
Agni, Kathy
1
Agoons, B.B.
1
Agora Research Letter
1
Agriculture for Impact-Imperial College of London
1
Aguayo, Victor M. et al.
1
Agudo C. T., Nattez S.G.V.
1
Aguilar-León, P et al.
1
Agustina R., Dartanto T., Sitompul R., et al.
1
Agyemang, C.
1
Agyepong I. et al.
1
Ahanhanzo, Y.
1
Ahmad Hassali, M.A.
1
Ahmad, U., Chau, D.M. et al.
1
Ahmat, A.
1
Ahmed Mohamed Abdel Shafi and Reem Mohamed Abdel Shafi
1
AHOP National Centre based in Nigeria
1
Ahsan, T., Islam, S. and Ryan, P.
1
Ahumada A., Ebensperger R. et al
1
Ahumada, K.
1
AHVP
1
AI.COMM
1
AIDS & TB Programme
1
AIDS 2016 (Durban South Africa)
1
AIDS 2016 (Durban, South Africa)
1
AIDS Accountability, et al.
1
AIDS Action
1
AIDS Action Europe
1
AIDS and Rights Alliance for Southern Africa (ARASA)
1
AIDS Care Psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
1
AIDS Education Training Center AETC
1
Aids Fonds, KELIN
1
AIDS Foundation (Until no child has AIDS)
1
AIDS Foundation of South Africa
1
AIDS Free
1
Aids Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Nigeria
1
AIDS Research and Therapy
1
AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources Project,
1
AIDSFree Project
1
Aidstar-One
1
AIEPI Hospitalario
1
AIIMS, New Delhi
1
AIIPC
1
Aiken L., Simonetti M., Sloane D., et al.
1
Aikulola, S.
1
Air Pollution & Climate Secretariat
1
Air to air
1
AIWG
1
AJAN (African Jesuit AIDS Network)
1
Ajijola, O.A. et al.
1
Ajit Pradhan, Pradeep Poudel, Deborah Thomas, Sarah Barnett
1
Akademie für Globale Gesundheit und Entwicklung (AGGE)
1
Akademie für Leseförderung Niedersachsen
1
Akademie für Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen in Düsseldorf
1
Akinlo, Ambrose, Adeleke Bisiriyu, and Olapeju Esimai
1
Akinola Stephen Oluwole, Uwem Friday Ekpo, Obiageli Josephine Nebe et al.
1
akkon Hochschule für Humanwissenschaften
1
Akpenpuun Joyce Rumun
1
Aksion Plus
1
Aksoy, S.
1
Aktion Mensch
1
Aktionbündnis gegen AIDS
1
Al Delaimy W., Ramanathan V., Sanchez Sorondo M. et al.
1
Al Himaya Foundation for Trauma Recovery, Growth and Resilience
1
Al Ju’beh K
1
Al Kubati, A. S.
1
Al Moosawi, S.
1
Al Senany, S.
1
Al-Maaitah, R., Conlan, L., Gebbie, K. et al.
1
Al-mustafa, M.
1
Al-Otheimin, H. K.
1
Al-Shorbaji, Najeeb, Atun, Rifat, Car, Josip, Majeed, Azeem, Wheeler, Erica.
1
Alabali-Radovan, R.
1
Alak, ACD.
1
Alam K., Shah A.K., Ojah P., et al.
1
Alam, S.
1
Alan J Budney & Catherine Stanger
1
Alan J Flisher
1
Alarcón, V.
1
Alarcón-Yaquetto
1
Alastair Cook
1
Albania Center for Population and Development (ACPD)
1
Albanian Association of People Living with HIV/AIS
1
Albanian Center for Population and Development (ACPD)
1
Albanian Institute of Public Health
1
Alberto Minoletti, Michelle Funk, Natalie Drew et al.
1
Alberto Nieves, et al.
1
Alberto Piubello
1
Albrechtsen N., Torekov S., Holst J.
1
Alcayna T., O’Donnell D., Chandaria S.
1
Alcáron de Noya, B.
1
ALCP
1
Alejandra Carrillo Roa
1
Alejandro Rísquez Parra
1
Aleksandrowicz L., Green R., Joy E., et al.
1
Alemayehu Tibebe and Kenfe Tesfay
1
Alemayhu Bekele and Yihunie Lakew
1
Alemu Tilahun, H.
1
Alexander Butchart, David Brown, Andrew Wilson, and Christopher Mikton
1
Alexander Butchart, Susan Hillis, Angela Burton et al.
1
Alexander Lourdes Samy, Zahra Fazli Khalaf, & Wah-Yun Low
1
Alexandre Delamou, Alison M El Ayadi, Sidikiba Sidibe, et al.
1
Alexianer Sachsen-Anhalt GmbH
1
Alexianer St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus
1
Alfeus, A.
1
Alfred Abuhamad, Rabih Chaoui, Philippe Jeanty et al.
1
Alfred Health
1
Alhasan Systems
1
Alice Mark
1
Alice Payne Merritt, Gabrielle Hunter, Anne Ballard et al.
1
Alice Zwerling, Marcel Behr, Aman Verma, et al.
1
Aliga C., Mutyabule J., Nakate G., et al.
1
Aliku, T. et al.
1
Alimardani, M. and Mona Elswah
1
Alimonte, Mary D'
1
Alipanah N, Jarlsberg L et al.
1
Alison
1
Alison Gemmill, et al.
1
Alister C. Munthali
1
Alister Munthali, Maxton Tsoka, James Milner, and Peter Mvula
1
Alizadeh, M.
1
Aljadeeah, S.
1
All In
1
All in Diary (AID)
1
All-Ukraine Network of PLWH
1
Allach, Y.
1
Allaire, A.
1
Allen Institute for AI
1
Allergy: Volume62, Issues84 November 2007 Pages 1-41
1
Allers, Claudia, Timothy O’Hearn, and Meba Kagone
1
Alleyne G. et al.
1
Alliance
1
Alliance for Health Policy and System Research
1
Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research
1
Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research (AHPSR) and World Health Organization
1
Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA) - Nepa
1
Alliance of Bioversity & CIAT
1
Allied Publishers Private LTD.
1
Alliot C.
1
Allwood, B.
1
Ally O, Kanoi BN, Ochola L, et al.
1
Almarzooq, Z.I. et al.
1
Almeida C
1
Almudena Marí Saéz, Sabrina Weiss, Kathrin Nowak,et al.
1
ALNAP, Groupe URD - Groupe Urgence Rehabilitation Developpement
1
ALNAP, Provention Consortium
1
ALNAP-CDA
1
Alonso, J.
1
Alonso-Sardón, M.
1
Alphonsus, C.
1
Alpro Pharmacy Malaysia
1
Alrabays, M.
1
Altaf Hossain, Isaac Maddow-Zimet, Meghan Ingerick et al.
1
Altcheh, J.
1
Altweck, L.
1
Alva Träbert
1
Alva, R.
1
Alva-Díaz, C.
1
Alvarado R., Ramírez J. et al
1
Alves Dias, C.
1
Alves J.D., Abade A.S., Peres W.P. et al.
1
Alwan A., McColl K. et al.
1
Alys, W.
1
Alyssa S. Parpia, Martial L. Ndeffo-Mbah, Natasha S. Wenzel, et al.
1
Alzheimer Society of Canada
1
Alzheimer’s Disease International
1
Amaar, A.
1
Amalia Panzarelli
1
Amamanta
1
Amanda Mattsson
1
Amaya M Gillespie, Rafael Obregon, Rania El Asawi, et al.
1
Amazon Malaria Initiative AMI
1
AMBA
1
Amber Hsiao
1
Amberpress
1
AmC
1
AMECEA
1
American Academy of Dermatology Association
1
American Academy of Family Physicians
1
American Academy of Paediatrics
1
American Academy of Pediatrics
1
American Adademy of Ophthalmology
1
American Chemistry Council
1
American College of Chest Physicians
1
American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)​
1
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee
1
American foundation for suicide prevention
1
American Hospital Association AHA
1
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
1
American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
1
American Journal of Psychiatry
1
American Leprosy Mission
1
American Leprosy Missions
1
American Nurse
1
American Psychiatric Association Foundation and the Mental Health and Faith Community Partnership Steering Committee
1
American Psychological Association
1
American Research Foundation,
1
American Society for Laboratory Medicine (ASLM)
1
American Society of Microbiology
1
American Thoracic Society Documents
1
AmfAR
1
Amina Mushtaq, Attiya Inam, Muhammad Abiodullah
1
Amini, M.
1
Aminul Hasan
1
Amkongo, M.
1
Amnatsatsue, K.
1
Amnesty International Publications
1
Amoah A.S., P. T. Hoekstra, M. Casacuberta-Partal, et al.
1
Amodeo, C. et al.
1
Amoeba Sisters (Regisseur)
1
amp&#59
1
AMR Industry Alliance
1
Amref Health Afric
1
AMREF Health Africa, Health System Advocacy Partnership
1
Amrita Gill-Bailey, Kathryn Bertram, Uttara Bharath et al.
1
Amsale Cherie, Ato Hussen Mekonen, Tsehay Shimelse
1
AMSHeR (American Men for sexual Health & Rights)
1
Amstrong, C.
1
Amterdam Institute for Global health & Development aighd
1
Amundsen, Susan
1
Amusa, G.A.
1
Amy Bloom, Leo Blanc, Chris Dye et al.
1
Amy Metzger, MPH
1
Ana Beatriz Monteiro Costa, Mario Gyoeri and Fábio Veras Soares
1
Ana Carvajal, Amando Martín, Enrique Blanco, et al.
1
Ana Carvajal, José Félix Oletta López, Alejandro Rísquez
1
Ana Cecília Gomes Rosa Luiz, Bruna Silveira Caixeta, Milena Ferreira Cruvinel et al.
1
ANA Enterprise
1
Ana Figueroa, Cesar Soutullo, Yoshiro Ono & Kazuhiko Saito
1
Ana Flor Hexel Cornely, João Gabriel Flôres da Rocha
1
Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo, Ira M Longini, Matthias Egger, et al.
1
Anahi Ayala Iacucci, R. Copeland, Z. Mamood, et al.
1
Analysis Hub
1
Anand, S.
1
Anand, Shuchi
1
Ananke
1
Anaya-Covarrubias, J.Y.
1
Anayda Portela, Helen Smith, Cicely Marston
1
and J. Latimer
1
and L.Lockerd Maragakis
1
and A. Franklin
1
and A. Kent
1
and A. Trojan
1
and A.M.Chirinos-Leañez
1
and B.-A. Gaüzère
1
and B.M. Ances
1
and C. Agbedia
1
and C. Hanbury
1
and C. Sabine
1
and C. Wonodi
1
and C.J. Arnson
1
and C.L.Weeraratne
1
and D. Fisher
1
and D. Samarashinghe
1
and D.V.Havlir
1
and E. Gitau
1
and E. Ross
1
and F. Morgado
1
and F. Serhan
1
and G. Breed
1
and G.D. Kelen,
1
and G.U. Obeagu
1
and H. Ritchie
1
and I. Ngoumou
1
and I. Walker
1
and I.Falkenberg
1
and ICF.
1
and J. Elkins
1
and J. Garcia-Rosales Delgado
1
and J. Kinyanjui
1
and J. M. Cohen
1
and J. Roberto
1
and K. Crofts
1
and K. Geffert
1
and K. Kahl
1
and K. Levy
1
and K. S. Jacob
1
and K.R. Smith
1
and K.Seck
1
and L. Artmann
1
and L. Reilly
1
and L.M.Morel
1
and M. A. El‑Sweify
1
and M.F. Good
1
and M.Khan
1
and M.P.Joshi
1
and M.S. Walker
1
and O. Bowden-Jones
1
and P. A M Schreuder
1
and P. Heydt
1
and Papadakis Maxine
1
and R. Franceys
1
and R. Shaw
1
and R. Yotsu
1
and R.O'Neill
1
and S. Ayenalam Kidanie
1
and S. Fung Lee
1
and S. Schofield
1
and S.J. Mason
1
and T. Clasen
1
and T. Rüppel
1
and W. Scholten
1
and Y. Bilgin
1
ANDEMIA
1
Andersen, P.
1
Anderson, H.R.
1
Anderson, K.
1
Andersson E., Frantzeskaki N., et al.
1
Andrade, D.
1
Andrade, F.
1
Andrea Carboni
1
Andreas Sandgren, Marieke J. van der Werf, Netta Beer et al.
1
Andres A.
1
Andrew Garnett, Ticky Raubenheimer, Debra Kristensen et al.
1
Andrew Maddocks, Robert Samuel Young and Paul Reig
1
Andrew S Azman, Lucy A Parker, John Rumunu, et al.
1
Andrew Snell, Elizaveta Lebedeva
1
André Biakowski, Martin Halotta, Thilo Schöne,
1
André Yébakima
1
Andrianos, L.
1
Andy Barraclough
1
Andy Featherstone
1
Angela Schuster, Christoph Heintze
1
Angelo Barbato, Martine Vallarino, Filippo Rapisarda, et al.
1
Angheben, A. et al.
1
Anglo American
1
Angwenyi, V.
1
Anitza Freitez
1
Anjela Taneja and Amitabha Sarkar
1
Ann Ashworth et al.
1
Ann Indian Acad Neurol
1
Anna Caprile
1
Anna Marriott
1
Anna Melissa S. Guerrero
1
Annah Wamae, George Kichamu, Francis Kundu, Irene Muhunzu
1
Annales de l’Unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique
1
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology
1
Annals of General Psychiatry
1
Annamali, M.
1
Anne Beugny, Pr Olivier Bouchaud, Dr. Charles Kouanfack et. al.
1
Anne Griffin, Patricia A. Potter
1
Anne Niedermeier
1
Annear, Peter Leslie
1
Annelies Heijmans
1
Annie Wilkinson, Almudena Marí Sáez, Jonah Lipton, Fred Martineau and Clare Chandler
1
ANNIEWILKINSON ANDMELISSA LEACH
1
Annim, Samuel Kobina, Kofi Awusabo-Asare, and Joshua Amo-Adjei
1
Annual Reviews
1
Ansari, Armin
1
Ansumana, R.
1
Anthonisen, N.R.
1
Anti-Malaria Campaign (AMC), Sri Lanka
1
Anti-malaria Campaign Headquarters - Public Health Complex
1
Antidiskirminierungsstelle des Bundes
1
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
1
Antimicrobial Therapy
1
Antonia Braus, Maria Victoria Larrateguy, Angela R. Schug, Johan Willems
1
Antonia Braus, Maria Victoria Larrateguy , Angela R. Schug, Johan Willems
1
Antunes Andrade, F.
1
Anushka Kalyanpur
1
ANVISA Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária
1
Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA)
1
AOK Nordost
1
AOSIS Publishing
1
aoz
1
APA Presidential Task Force on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma in Children and Adolescents
1
Aparecida Vincent, V. et al.
1
APB
1
apcom.org
1
Apeagyei A.E., Dieleman J.L., Leach-Kemon K., et al.
1
Apeagyei A.E., Lidral-Porter B., Patel N., et al.
1
Apeagyei, A. E.
1
APHR
1
Apisarnthanarak A.,S. Danchaivijitr,T. Khawcharoenporn, et al.
1
APMG Health
1
APN+
1
Apotheken Umschau
1
Apotheker helfen
1
Apotheker helfen e.V.
1
Appleton, R.E. & Cross, J.H.
1
Publication Years
Category
Countries
9776
Clinical Guidelines
1401
Public Health
1237
Key Resources
1206
Women & Child Health
1091
Capacity Building
593
Pharmacy & Technologies
217
Annual Report MEDBOX
4
Toolboxes
COVID-19
3458
Mental Health
1802
Refugee
1297
HIV
1260
TB
1123
Ebola & Marburg
1113
NTDs
1100
Disability
862
Planetary Health
833
NCDs
821
Conflict
705
Caregiver
704
AMR
581
Rapid Response
482
Global Health Education
425
Natural Hazards
384
Malaria
379
Zika
349
Cholera
343
Pharmacy
337
Health Financing Toolbox
334
2.0 Rapid Response
199
Specific Hazards
140
Social Ethics
137
Polio
136
Typhoon
26
South Sudan
3
This document presents a brief overview of how UNHCR adapts its activities for mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) to the changing context of the pandemic. Staff of UNHCR and partners, in country offices in all regions of the world, have developed innovative field practices to continue pr... more
Infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, can have a significant impact on children’s and their caregivers’ wellbeing beyond the disease itself. In terms of child protection, there are three main potential secondary impacts: - Neglect and lack of parental care. - Mental health and Psychosocia... more
The US Conference of Catholic Bishops(USCCB) have identified sevencore themes in Catholic Social Teaching (CST). The CST Bible Study is an eight week program exploring those themes. The first week is an introductionto CST and weekstwo through eight are sessionson each of theseven themes. This stu... more
The arrival of safe, effective COVID-19 vaccines is a major development in the coronavirus pandemic. An effective COVID-19 vaccine will help protect people who come in contact with the virus from becoming sick. As more people are vaccinated, families and communities will be able to gradually return ... more
sobre la base de las orientaciones actuales de la OMS, 31 de mayo de 2021. Memorando This aide-mémoire presents information on use and procurement of masks for community outreach interventions, with a focus on those for malaria, neglected tropical diseases, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and vaccine-preve... more
Antimicrobial Resistance or AMR continues to pose a major threat to human development and to the fight against infectious diseases. It also endangers animal health and welfare, and food production, and severely impacts our economies and societies. An holistic approach must be used to mitigate AMR ri... more
Short, imaged-based courses that do not require high levels of literacy. These are designed to teach those people with limited reading skills about Ebola. You can download the materials in Russian, Chinese, Japanese, German, Malay-Bahasa, Indonesian-Bahasa, Danish, Korean, Hindi, Filipino; Mongolian
These new guidelines should help medical and paramedical professionals to provide the state of art rabies prophylaxis to all animal bite victims in the government hospitals and prevent human rabies deaths in the state. The medical officers whenever in doubt are encouraged to contact the state nodal ... more
South Africa’s mineral resources have produced, and continue to produce, enormous economic wealth; yet decades of colonialism, apartheid, capital flight, and challenges in the neoliberal post-apartheid era have resulted in high rates of occupational lung disease and low rates of compensation for e... more
The indicators and questions in this document are designed for use by national AIDS programmes and partners to assess the state of a country’s HIV and AIDS response, and to measure progress towards achieving national HIV targets. Countries are encouraged to integrate these indicators and questions... more
Corruption is embedded in health systems. Throughout my life—as a researcher, public health worker, and a Minister of Health—I have been able to see entrenched dishonesty and fraud. But despite being one of the most important barriers to implementing universal health coverage around the world, c... more
The building damage assessment, conducted between March 2010 and February 2011 by the Government of Haiti and the United Nations system, showed that more than 400,000 buildings were damaged or destroyed, of which approximately 218,000 could be occupied without repairs (green category), 105,000 were ... more
Injury to the skin and underlying tissues from acute exposure to a large external dose of radiation is referred to as cutaneous radiation injury (CRI). Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) 1 will usually be accompanied by some skin damage; however, CRI can ... more
This report documents the findings from the Behavioral Surveillance Survey conducted among youuth aged 15-24 in Rwanda in 2009. The 2009 Youth BSS documented HIV knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) among youth in Rwanda. The data provided a cross-sectional look at the current HIV KAB among yo... more
Caregivers provide invaluable service and support to patients in health facilities. In many health systems, caregivers (often members of the patient’s family or friends) are responsible for providing basic care for a patient, including providing food and drinks, cleaning clothes and bed linen, as ... more
新型冠状病毒正在全球传播。个人、社区和人道主义工作者应如何最好地响应 新型冠状病毒疾病(COVID-19)的暴发呢?如何使用《环球计划手册》指导我 们的响应? 本文件分为两节: A. 第一节内容为一次成功的整体性响应中... more
This Interim Guidance is intended for field coordinators, site managers and public health personnel, as well as national and local governments and the wider humanitarian community working in humanitarian situations at food distribution sites, who are involved in the decision making and implementatio... more
Although the COVID-19 crisis is, in the first instance, a physical health crisis, it has the seeds of a major mental health crisis as well, if action is not taken. Good mental health is critical to the functioning of society at the best of times. It must be front and centre of every country’s resp... more
The Emerging Minds Network is committed to reducing the prevalence of mental health problems experienced by children and young people. As part of that, we hope to promote wellbeing through sharing positive practice and information. We hope to build a bank of community resources from and for our netw... more
The European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation provide specific instructions for how resuscitation should be practiced and take into account ease of teaching and learning, as well as the science. They were developed by Europeans and have been specifically written with European pract... more