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Toolboxes
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1
The Global Asthma Report (GAR) 2022, prepared by the Global Asthma Network (GAN), is the fourth such report (others 2011, 2014, 2018). GAN builds u
...
pon the work of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) to monitor asthma and improve asthma care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
more
This document proposes surveillance objectives and describes global standards for a minimal basic respiratory disease surveillance system for the monitoring of influenza. The agreement on objectives allows for the prioritization of the many facets o
...
f influenza that might be measured and tracked. Use of international standards will enable Member States to understand how the epidemiology, transmission, and impact of influenza in their own countries differ from those of other Member States; in addition it will allow them to more easily interpret data gathered from other Member States
more
Health financing for the COVID-19 response: Process guide for national budgetary dialogue. ACT-A Health Systems Connector
World Health Organization (WHO), World Bank, Global Financing Facility (GFF) et al.
World Health Organization (WHO)
(2021)
CC
Annual and medium-term budget preparation processes are the platforms through which specific plans are transformed into actual resource allocation decisions. The aim of this Process Guide is to support key stakeholders involved in these processes (such as the Cabinet, Ministries of Finance and
...
Health, the Parliament, citizens, media, and civil society organizations) to reorient budgetary arrangements in order to facilitate the ability of national governments to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic by delivering, therapeutics, diagnostics, and vaccine services to their populations. Reorienting budgetary arrangements positions governments to sustain the capacity to mitigate and respond to COVID-19 while concurrently delivering other essential health services and working towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The reorientation process is an opportunity to better align budgetary arrangements to sustain systemic capacity to prevent emerging health threats over the short, medium, and long terms.
more
A review of proactive risk assessment and risk management practices to ensure the safety of drinking-water
Based on information gathered from 118 countries representing every region of the globe, this report provides a picture of WSP uptake worldwide. It presents information on WSP implementati ... on and the integration of WSPs into the policy environment. It also explores WSP benefits, challenges and future priorities. more
Based on information gathered from 118 countries representing every region of the globe, this report provides a picture of WSP uptake worldwide. It presents information on WSP implementati ... on and the integration of WSPs into the policy environment. It also explores WSP benefits, challenges and future priorities. more
The global emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is posing a threat to human health. Putting resources into the containment of AMR – including surveillance – is one of the highest-yield in
...
vestments a country can make to mitigate its impact. In 2015, WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS), the first global collaborative effort to foster AMR surveillance in bacteria causing acute infections. As of December 2018, 71 countries are enrolled in GLASS. The aim of this report is to document participation efforts and outcomes across these countries, and highlight differences and constraints identified to date. This report follows on from the first GLASS Report – Early implementation 2016-17, published in January 2018, and drawing on data from GLASS first data call in 2017.
more
Multiple countries are reporting severe acute cases of hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children, in several
regions of the world. WHO has developed this clinical case report form (CRF) to support and facilitate reporting
of anonymized, patient-level data of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology.
Snakebite envenoming is a potentially life-threatening disease that typically results from the injection of a mixture of different toxins (“venom”) following the bite of a venomous snake. Envenoming can also be caused by venom being sprayed into a person’s eyes by certain species of snakes tha
...
t have the ability to spit venom as a defence measure. Not all snakebites result in envenoming: some snakes are non-venomous and venomous snakes do not always inject venom during a bite. About 50–55% of all snakebites result in envenoming. Snake venoms are complex mixtures of protein and peptide toxins, varying from one species to another, and even within species. The toxins in snake venoms are evolutionarily adapted to interact with a large variety of cellular targets in the organisms exposed to them. In humans and animals, snakebite envenoming affects multiple organ systems (depending on the particular species of snake and the classes of toxins present in the venom) and can cause, among other things: haemorrhage and prolonged disruption of haemostasis, neuromuscular paralysis, tissue necrosis, myolysis (muscle degeneration), cardiotoxicity, acute kidney injury, thrombosis and hypovolaemic shock.
more
Data for Global Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence
Fitzner, J.; – WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence
World Health Organization (WHO)
(2025)
C_WHO
The presentation “Data for Global Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence” outlines how improved data collection, surveillance, analytics, and digital tools can strengthen global preparedness and res
...
ponse to health emergencies. It explains the concept of epidemic intelligence, highlighting the integration of multiple data sources—such as traditional surveillance, genomics, open-source information, and modelling—to support timely and evidence-based decision-making. The presentation also showcases initiatives of the WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence, including collaborative data platforms, pathogen genomics networks, analytic communities of practice, and a decision-support pandemic simulator designed to enhance rapid, coordinated responses to future outbreaks.
more
The global doctor
Willott C et al.
UCL Institute for Global Health and Development Education Research Centre, Institute of Education
(2012)
C2
This report explores the reasons why global health is critical to medicine and what this means for medical education. It argues that an understanding of g
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lobal health is important for all students and practicing doctors, rather than being an ‘add-on’ or ‘option’ for specialization.
more
The report aims to capture lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and to highlight the opportunity for more ambitious global action: expanding sustainable access to vaccines for all towards
the Immunization Agenda 2030 and pandemic prevention, prepared
...
ness and response efforts. The report is organized in two sections: the first section provides WHO insights on global vaccine market dynamics, drawing from data provided by Member States, which are, in turn, analysed and displayed in the second section.
more
The report aims to capture lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and to highlight the opportunity for more ambitious global action: expanding sustainable access to vaccines for all towards the Immunization Agenda 2030 and pandemic prevention, preparedn
...
ess and response efforts. The report is organized in two sections: the first section provides WHO insights on global vaccine market dynamics, drawing from data provided by Member States, which are, in turn, analysed and displayed in the second section.
more
Background: Mental health has recently gained increasing attention on global health and development agendas, including calls for an increase in int
...
ernational funding. Few studies have previously characterized official development assistance for mental health (DAMH) in a nuanced and differentiated manner in order to support future funding efforts. Methods: Data from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Creditor Reporting System were obtained through keyword searches. Projects were manually reviewed and categorized into projects dedicated entirely to mental health and projects that mention mental health (as one of many aims). Analysis of donor, recipient, and sector characteristics within and between categories was undertaken cumulatively and yearly.
more
These WHO guidelines which were updated in 2018, are valid for any country and suitable to local adaptations, and take account of the strength of available scientific evidence, the cost and resource implications, and patient values and preferences.
The 2018 edition of the guidelines includes the re
...
vision of the recommendation regarding the use of 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (high FiO2) in surgical patients under general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation and the update of the section on implementation. Between 2017 and 2018, WHO re-assessed the evidence on the use of high FiO2 by updating the systematic review related to the effectiveness of this intervention to reduce SSI and commissioning an independent systematic review on adverse events potentially associated with it. Based on the updated evidence, the GDG decided to revise the strength of the recommendation from strong to conditional.
more
Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to prevent hypertension, overweight and obesity and can improve mental health
...
, quality of life
and well-being.
more
The Strategy provides a high-level unifying framework to leverage existing capacities, address barriers and strengthen the use of genomic surveillance in the detection, monitoring and response to public health threats. Genomic surveillance is part o
...
f the broader surveillance and laboratory system, and its implementation should reinforce end-to-end capacities including sample collection, diagnostics, data sharing and analysis. The strategy aims to facilitate the connectivity between different disease control programs and surveillance networks. This interoperability will strengthen the cross-cutting essential public health laboratory functions underpinning genomics holistically. The strategy articulates the overarching goal, objectives and strategic actions needed. These are dependent on commitments from countries, partners and WHO for their implementation.
more
