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National spending on health by source for 184 countries between 2013 and 2040

Dieleman, J.; Templin, T.; Sadat, N. et al. (2016) CC

A general consensus exists that as a country develops economically, health spending per capita rises and the share of that spending that is prepaid through government or private mechanisms also rises. However, the speed and magnitude of these changes vary substantially across countries, even at simi...lar levels of development. In this study, we use past trends and relationships to estimate future health spending, disaggregated by the source of those funds, to identify the financing trajectories that are likely to occur if current policies and trajectories evolve as expected. Methods We extracted data from WHO's Health Spending Observatory and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's Financing Global Health 2015 report. We converted these data to a common purchasing power-adjusted and inflation-adjusted currency. We used a series of ensemble models and observed empirical norms to estimate future government out-of-pocket private prepaid health spending and development assistance for health. We aggregated each country's estimates to generate total health spending from 2013 to 2040 for 184 countries. We compared these estimates with each other and internationally recognised benchmarks. Findings Global spending on health is expected to increase from US$7·83 trillion in 2013 to $18·28 (uncertainty interval 14·42–22·24) trillion in 2040 (in 2010 purchasing power parity-adjusted dollars). We expect per-capita health spending to increase annually by 2·7% (1·9–3·4) in high-income countries, 3·4% (2·4–4·2) in upper-middle-income countries, 3·0% (2·3–3·6) in lower-middle-income countries, and 2·4% (1·6–3·1) in low-income countries. Given the gaps in current health spending, these rates provide no evidence of increasing parity in health spending. In 1995 and 2015, low-income countries spent $0·03 for every dollar spent in high-income countries, even after adjusting for purchasing power, and the same is projected for 2040. Most importantly, health spending in many low-income countries is expected to remain low. Estimates suggest that, by 2040, only one (3%) of 34 low-income countries and 36 (37%) of 98 middle-income countries will reach the Chatham House goal of 5% of gross domestic product consisting of government health spending. Interpretation Despite remarkable health gains, past health financing trends and relationships suggest that many low-income and lower-middle-income countries will not meet internationally set health spending targets and that spending gaps between low-income and high-income countries are unlikely to narrow unless substantive policy interventions occur. Although gains in health system efficiency can be used to make progress, current trends suggest that meaningful increases in health system resources will require concerted action. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. more

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Global atlas of medical devices

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Resource platform. The Global Atlas of medical devices (GAMD) provides global, regional and country data on availability of: national policy on health technology regulation of medical devices health technology assessment national unit health technology management use of med... more

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Harmonized health facility assessment (‎HHFA)‎: comprehensive guide

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The HHFA Comprehensive guide serves as the main reference document for planning and implementing a country HHFA. This guide will promote understanding of: What the HHFA is and the information it can and cannot provide. The HHFA modules, questionnaires and CSPro electronic data collection tool. Th... more

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Liberia: Demographic and Health Survey 2019-2020

Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services (LISGIS) Monrovia, Liberia The DHS Program ICF (2021) C2

The LDHS provides an opportunity to inform policy and provide data for planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of national health programs. It is designed to provide up-to-date information on health indicators including fertility levels, sexual activity, fertility preferences, awaren... more

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Guidance for SARS-CoV-2 samples selection for genomic characterization and surveillance

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2021) C_WHO

Genomic sequencing has been an essential tool in generating virological data, driving the laboratory response, and better understanding the dispersal and evolutionary patterns of SARS-CoV-2. In addition to the characterization of the global circulation patterns, early detection of SARS-CoV-2 variant... more

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Estimating Financing to the Sustainable Development Goals: Methodology Note for V2.0.

Turner, Jennifer, and Bryan Burgess AidData at William & Mary (2019) CC

Unfortunately, current data available on SDG financing are not sufficient to quantify the distribution of financing for the SDGs. AidData’s methodology for measuring financing to the SDGs attempts to fill this gap by analyzing development project documentation to estimate project-level contributi... more

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National Action Plan for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance: Myanmar 2017-2022

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

Myanmar, as a country going through rapid socio-political transition and institutional development also suffers with a high burden of infectious disease. An ongoing challenge has been to effectively reach its 51 million population, most of whom battle tuberculosis, acute respiratory infections, diar... more

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Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Preparedness Update 15 (8 - 14 April 2019)

International Organization for Migration IOM (2019) CC

A new FMP was opened in Lutaya (Yei County), bringing the total number of EVD-related FMPs within South Sudan to 14. Six additional FMPs are operated in cooperation with DTM Uganda on the Ugandan side of the border due to access issues on the South Sudanese side. A field mission was carried ou... more

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Burden of Severe Fungal Infections in Burkina Faso

Bamba S. , Zida A., Sangaré I. et al. Journal of Fungi (2018) CC

Because of the limited access to more powerful diagnostic tools, there is a paucity of data regarding the burden of fungal infections in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of serious fungal infections in this sub-Saharan country. We primarily used the na... more

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Risk communication and community engagement readiness and response toolkit: dengue fever

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

This toolkit is a comprehensive set of practical tools and resources designed to support country-level risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) practitioners, decision-makers, and partners to plan and implement readiness and response activities for dengue fever outbreaks. The toolkit conta... more

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The medicinal plants of Myanmar

DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. (2018) CC

A comprehensive compilation is provided of the medicinal plants of the Southeast Asian country of Myanmar (formerly Burma). This contribution, containing 123 families, 367 genera, and 472 species, was compiled from earlier treatments, monographs, books, and pamphlets, with some medicinal uses and pr... more

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Global tuberculosis report 2022
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic, and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, at global, regional and country levels. This is done in the context of global TB commitments, strategies and targets. ... more

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Generic protocol for a population-based, age- and gender- stratified sero-survey study for SARS-CoV-2

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1

The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases detected and reported in each country is influenced by many factors including limited access and/or utilization of healthcare and COVID-19 testing, limited surveillance, lack of knowledge amongst the population about when to seek testing, an asymptomatic pres... more

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Donor funding priorities for communicable disease control in the developing world

Jeremy Shiffman Health Policy and Planning (2006) C1

Prior research has considered donor funding for developing world health by recipient and donor country but not by disease. Examining funding by disease is critical since diseases may be in competition with one another for priority and donors may be making allocation decisions in ways that do not cor... more

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Papua New Guinea: Disaster Management Reference Handbook

Center for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance (2016) C1

The 2012 NDRMP lays out the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) architecture of the country and provides guidance for DRM intervention at all levels. However, implementation has been slow and resource challenges exist throughout the government.
The PNG government’s policy and institutional framework... more

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Social Protection and Jobs Responses to COVID-19

Gentilini U., M. Almenfi, I. Orton (2020) C2

This second edition of the “living paper” contributes to the global knowledge on how countries are responding to the pandemic by documenting real-time actions in a key area of response – that is, social protection measures planned or implemented by governments. For the purpose of this revie... more

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The Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) guide: developing a clinical decision support tool to simplify, standardise and strengthen primary health care delivery

Cornick, Picken, Wattrus et al. BMJ Global Health Journal (2018) CC

For the primary health worker in a low/middle-income country (LMIC) setting, delivering quality primary care is challenging. This is often complicated by clinical guidance that is out of date, inconsistent and informed by evidence from high-income countries that ignores LMIC resource constraints and... more

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Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 Factsheet
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The World Health Organization Global TB Report provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic, and progress in the response, at global, regional and country levels. The 2022 edition features data on disease trends and the response to the epidemic from 215 countries and area... more

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Risk communication and community engagement readiness and response toolkit: ebola disease

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

This toolkit is a comprehensive set of practical tools and resources designed to support country-level risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) practitioners, decision-makers and partners to plan and implement readiness and response activities for Ebola disease outbreaks. The toolkit conta... more

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Risk communication and community engagement readiness and response toolkit: yellow fever

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

Global tuberculosis report 2022 recommended

Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 Factsheet recommended

Global tuberculosis report 2022
recommended

Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 Factsheet
recommended