KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme and African Academy of Sciences
1
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Health, National AIDS Control Council, Kenya Medical Research Institute, National Council for Population and Development, Kenya,The DHS Program, ICF International
1
Khuluza, F.
1
Kieny, Marie-Paule
1
Kim, Sun Mean
1
Klazinga, Niek
1
Klinkenberg, E
1
Klinkenberg, E. & Ochola, R.
1
Kondowe, K. et al.
1
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
1
KPMG Africa
1
Kraus, S.
1
Krause, S.
1
Kumar, M.
1
L. Crigler, et al.
1
L. Davies
1
L. Kenny
1
L. Messner, L. Crye
1
L.-A. Long
1
Lancet Oncology Commission
1
Langston, A., Weiss, J., Landegger, J., et al.
1
Laura Smith-Khan, Professor Mary Crock, Professor Ben Saul, Professor Emeritus Ron McCallum AO, University of Sydney
1
LEAP
1
Leatherman, Sheila
1
Leonard Cheshire Disability and Inclusive Development Centre
1
Lesotho National AIDS Commission, Government of Lesotho
1
Lesotho National Federation of Organisations of the Disabled (LNFOD)
1
Lewis, I.
1
Lifebox and Ariadne Labs
1
Liliane Foundation
1
Lutherahjalpen/Church of Sweden
1
M. Dara, M. Grzemska, M. E. Kimerling, et al.
1
M. Gutmann
1
M. Higgins-Biddle
1
M. Nyamazana, G. Koyi, P. Funjika and E. Chibwili
1
M. Slutsker
1
M.A. Connolly, M. Gayer and S. Ottmani
1
M.Biehl, R. Gütter ,et al.
1
M.Shukla, K. Johnson Lassner et. al.
1
Mac-Seing, M.
1
Mac-Seing, Muriel
1
Mairie de Paris
1
Makanjuola, A. et al.
1
Malaria and Other Parasitic Diseases Division (MAL & OPD Division-RBC) [Rwanda] and ICF International
1
Malaria Journal
1
Mallick, Lindsay, Tukur Dahiru, and Kerry L.D. MacQuarrie
1
Management Sciences for Health
1
Management sciences for health (MSH)
1
Mapako, Tonderai, Simbarashe Rusakaniko, Maarten J. Postma, Marinus van Hulst, Janet Dzangare, Stellah Ngwende, John Mandisarisa, Ponesai Nyika, David A. Mvere, Owen Mugurungi, and Mufuta Tshimanga
1
Maria Bray, Sabine Rakotomalala, Leslie Snider, Saji Thomas
1
Maria Isabel Egüez
1
Maria Neira, Edward Kelley, Mickey Chopra et al.
1
Mariam Kirollos, Caroline Anning, Gunvor Knag Fylkesnes et al.
1
Masumbuko ClaudeK, Underschultz J,Hawkes MT
1
Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP)
1
Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program, US Aid du peuple americain
1
Mathauer, I.
1
Maurice Bucagu, Jean M. Kagubare, Paulin Basinga, Fidèle Ngabo, Barbara K Timmons & Angela C Lee
1
Mbugua S., L. D. MacQuarrie K.
1
MCHIP
1
MDPI Antibiotics
1
Measles Initiative
1
MEASURE DHS
1
Medecins Sans Frontieres
1
Meike J. Schleif, Iain Aitken , et al.
1
mHealth Kenya
1
Migration Policy Institute
1
Ministère de la Santé Publique, Republique Démocratique du Congo
1
Ministère de la Santé, Burkina Faso
1
Ministère de la Santé, République Bénin
1
Ministère du Plan et Macro International. 20
1
Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en œuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM), Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP) and ICF International
1
Ministry of Education, Rwanda
1
Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion, Government of Rwanda
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS)
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare in Liberia and the World Bank
1
Ministry Of Health Community, Development,Gender, Elderly And Children, the United Republic of Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health Rwanda
1
Ministry of Health Rwanda, Biomedical Center Institute of HIV
1
Ministry of Health Rwanda, The DHS Program, et al.
1
Ministry of Health, Ghana
1
Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya
1
Ministry of Health, Liberia
1
Ministry of Health, Malawi
1
Ministry of Health, Republic of Rwanda
1
Ministry of Health, Repulic of Uganda
1
Ministry of Health, Uganda
1
Ministry of Health, World Health Organisation (WHO), Roll Back Malaria
1
Ministry of Local Government, Information and Social Affairs (Rwanda)
1
Ministry of Local Government, Rwanda
1
Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Kenya
1
Minstère de la Santé
1
Mitchell, S. et al.
1
Moazzam Ali
1
Mphande, M.
1
mPowering
1
mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
MSF Access Campaign
1
MSF South Africa and Lesotho
1
msh
1
Mugomeri, Eltony
1
Mursaleena Islam
1
Mwangi, Annabel
1
N. B. Karkara
1
National AIDS Commission Liberia
1
National Bureau of Statistics
1
National Center for TB and Leprosy Control, Cambodia
1
National Institute of Statistics (NIS) [Rwanda], Ministry of Health (MOH) [Rwanda], and Macro International Inc.
1
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR)
1
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR), the African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) and UNFPA
1
National Leprosy and Tuberculosis Control Program (NLTCP)
1
National Primary Health Care et al.
1
National Union of Disabilities’ Organizations of Rwanda (NUDOR)
1
National Union of Disability Organisations in Rwanda (NUDOR)
1
National Union of Disability Organisations of Rwanda (NUDOR)
1
National Union of Disability Organizations of Rwanda (NUDOR)
1
Nejad, Sepideh Bagheri
1
NEPAD
1
Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, New ERA, and ICF International
1
Network for Research, Learning & Action
1
Newman, C., Kabagwira, A., Scislowicz, J., et al.
1
Newman, C.J., de Vries, D.H., Kanakuze, J., et al.
1
Ngwa, W.
1
Nhlema, B.
1
Nichols, B. E.
1
Nkoa, F.C.
1
Nora Groce and Julia McGeown
1
Norwegian Church Aid and Presbyterian Disasters Assistance
1
Norwegian Refugee Council, Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
1
Norwegian Refugee Council, UNHCR
1
Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security (JHU)
1
Nyandwi, J.B: et al.
1
O. Ajose
1
O. Neyrolles (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologoie Structurale)
1
Observatoire des situation de déplacement interne, Conseil norvégien pour les refugiés
1
OECD
1
OECD Publishing
1
One Million Community Health Workers Campaign | mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
One Million Community Worker Campaign
1
ONUSIDA
1
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), Bureau régional de l’Afrique
1
Ouédraogo M., Samadoulougou S., Rouamba T. et. al.
1
Overseas Development Institute
1
Overseas Development Institute (ODI)
1
P. Bayr
1
P. O. Zogo2
1
Paget Stanfield, Martin Brueton, Michael Chan, Michael Parkin, and Tony Waterston
1
Pan American Health Organization
1
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
1
Panday, S., P. Bissell , E.van Teijlingen, et al.
1
Pandit-Rajani, T., S. Sharma, and F. Muramutsa.
1
Partners In Health
1
Partnership for Evidence-Based Response to COVID-19 (PERC)
1
Patel P.
1
Pepe VLE
1
Perry, H.
1
Petra G.H. Aarts
1
Peyton, D.
1
Phiri, F., F. Mwanza, and C. Mulwanda
1
Pierre André Michaud, Valentina Baltag, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli et al.
1
PLOS Medicine
1
PRESIDENT’S MALARIA INITIATIVE
1
PROMUNDO-US, UNFPA
1
Protection Cluster Save the Children The Alliance for Child Protection
1
Publisher: National Academic Press
1
PubMed.gov
1
R. Coninx
1
R. Nefdt, E. Ribaira and K. Diallo
1
Rebuilding Basic Health Services Project (RBHS)
1
Refugee Studies Centre, UK
1
Refugees International
1
Regional Emergency Psychosocial Support Network & UNICEF EAPRO
1
Regional Office for Africa
1
Reliefweb
1
Reliefweb OCHA
1
Reproductive Health Matters
1
Republic of Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health
1
Republic of Rwanda & Commission Nationale de lutte contre le SIDA (CNLS)
1
Republic of Rwanda: Ministry of Local Government, Ministry of Health & Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources
1
REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO , MINISTERE DE LA SANTÉ, SECRETARIAT GENERAL A LA SANTÉ
1
Republique Democratique du Congo , Ministère de la Santé, Secrétariat General à la Santé
1
République de Guinée Ministère de la Santé
1
République Démocratique du Congo, Ministère de la Santé Publique
1
Réseau africain pour les soins aux enfants affectés par le sida (ANECCA)
1
Rhee, J.Y.
1
Richter, L., Foster, G. and Sherr, L.
1
Ridsdel, B
1
Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International
1
Roos N.
1
Rugigana, Etienne, Francine Birungi, and Manassé Nzayirambaho
1
Ruth Naylor
1
Rwanda Biomedical Center
1
Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Institute of HIV
1
Rwanda Medical and Dental Council (RMDC), National Council for Nurses and Midwives (NCNM), National Pharmacy Council (NPC) and Rwanda Allied Health Professionals Council (RAHPC)
1
S. Andersson, A. Heaton, et al.
1
S. Basu
1
S. Chauwa Phiri, M.Lippitt Prust, C. Phiri Chibawe, et al.
1
S. Chynoweth, D. Quick et al.
1
S. Guthridge-Gould
1
SAATHII (Solidarity and Action Against The HIV Infection in India)
1
Sachy, M
1
Safe the children
1
Safeguarding Health in Conflict, et al.
1
Samuels, F., Amaya, A.B., Rodríguez Pose, R. and Balabanova, D.
1
Samwel Mbugua, Kerry L. D. MacQuarrie
1
Save the Children UK, IRC, Unicef
1
Scarpetta, Stefano
1
Schmidt, B. et al.
1
Seck A., D. Valéa
1
Serneels, P. & Lievens, T.
1
Serneels, P., Montalvo, J.G., Pettersson, G., et al.
1
Seth Mnookin
1
Shanaya Rathod, Narsimha Pinninti, Muhammed Irfan, et al.
1
Sharafi, L. et al.
1
Sheena Posey Norris, Erin Hammers Forstag, and Bruce M. Altevogt
1
Shire, S.
1
Shyirambere Blaise
1
Sidze, E.M.
1
Smithsonian Science Education Center
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action: A Communication for Development Platform
1
Steingrüber, S.
1
STEP UP - Strengthening Evidence for Programming on Unintendet Pregnancy
1
Stop TB Partnership
1
Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems (SPS) Program
1
Susan Nicolai and Carl Triplehorn
1
Sustainable Energy for All
1
Syed, Shamsuzzoha
1
Syrian American Medical Society Foundation
1
T. Mahon and S. Cavill
1
Takarinda, Kudakwashe C., Lydia K. Madyira, Mutsa Mhangara, Victor Makaza, Memory Maphosa, Simbarashe Rusakaniko, Peter H. Kilmarx, Tsitsi Mutasa-Apollo, Getrude Ncube, and Anthony D. Harries
1
Tanabe M. et al.
1
Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS), Zanzibar AIDS Commission (ZAC), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Office of the Chief Government Statistician (OCGS), and ICF International
1
TB Alliance
1
TB/CTA
1
The African Child Policy Forum (ACPF)
1
The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, Network for Education
1
The Brookings Institution’s International Volunteering and Service Initiative
1
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
1
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
The Governments of Burkina Faso and Norway, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the World Bank Group
1
The Independent Panel
1
The International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA)
1
The Lancet
1
The Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development Uganda
1
The Ministry of Health
1
The Population Council
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry, National Environmental Conservation Committee
1
The William J. Clinton Foundation
1
The World Bank Group
1
Thomas, M. and Ninomiya, A.
1
Tindyebwa, D.
1
Topping, B.
1
Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet)
1
Treatment Action Group
1
Trials
1
Tuladhar S., Khanal K.R., K.C. Lila, Ghimire P.K., Onta K.
1
TUN, Waimar, et al.
1
U.S. Agency for International Development
1
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
1
Uganda AIDS Commission
1
Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS)
1
Uganda Government (OPM)
1
UHC2030
1
uhoza, Dieudonné Ndaruhuye, Pierre Claver Rutayisire, and Aline Umubyeyi.
1
UN
1
UN Development Group
1
UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR, TANGO
1
UN Industrial Development Organization
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
1
Un Security Council
1
UN Security Council, UN General Assembly
1
UN Women, UNFPA
1
UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV
1
UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS)
1
UNAIDS | GAMET
1
UNAIDS, et al.
1
UNFPA East and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO)
1
UNFPA ESARO
1
Unicef (Eastern and Southern Africa Office)
1
Unicef (United Nations Children’s Fund)
1
UNICEF, Wendy Ager, Pierette James
1
UNICEF, WHO, Wellstart International
1
UNICF
1
Unitaid (Innovation in Global Health)
1
United Nations
1
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)
1
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Education Development Trust, Ministry of Education in Rwanda (MINEDUC)
1
United Nations Department of Peacekeeping operations
1
United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)
1
United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) &
1
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
1
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
1
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR
1
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
1
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
1
United Nations System in Uganda
1
United Nations Women’s Human Rights and Gender (WRG)
1
United States of America - Department of State
1
UNSDG
1
US Agency for International Development
1
US Agency for International Development USAID
1
USAID Deliver Project
1
USAID | DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 4
1
USAID, CapacityPlus & PEPFAR
1
USAID, core group, Save the Children, BASICS, MCHIP
1
USAID, et al.
1
USAID, FHI360, VALID, et al.
1
USAID, Health Systems 20
1
USAID, JSI Research & Training Institute, fhi360
1
USAID, Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems SPS
1
V. Andreeva
1
V. Nankabirwa , J. K. Tumwine, O. Namugga, et al.
1
Veillard, Jeremy Henri Maurice
1
Verner D.
1
Vikram Patel, Dan Chisholm, Tarun Dua et al.
1
Vriesendorp, S.
1
w
1
Wang, Wenjuan, Gheda Temsah, and Emily Carter
1
Wang, Wenjuan, Soumya Alva, Rebecca Winter, and Clara Burgert
1
War Trauma Foundation
1
WarTrauma Foundation
1
Water Aid
1
WCC
1
Wenjuan Wang, Rebecca Winter, Lindsay Mallick, Lia Florey, Clara Burgert-Brucker, and Emily Carter
1
Westoff, C.F., F. Ngabo, C. Munyanshongore, M.A. Umubyeyi, and E. Kagame
1
WHO Collaborating Centre for community participation in palliative care and long term care
1
WHO Regional Office for Africa
1
WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
WHO Universal Health Coverage
1
Wille, J.
1
Wilton Park
1
Women's Refugee Commission, IAWG
1
Worku, Abebaw Gebeyehu, Gizachew Assefa Tessema, and Atinkut Alamirrew Zeleke
1
World Bank Group, and World Health Organization WHO
1
World Bank, et al.
1
World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)
1
World Food Program WFP
1
World Health Organization ( WHO), Regional Office for Africa
1
World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and The World Bank
1
World Health Organization (WHO), World Bank, Global Financing Facility (GFF) et al.
1
World Health Organization WHO, et al.
1
World Health Organization WHO, International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE)
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office Africa
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO)
1
World Health Organization, UN Children's Fund
1
World Health Organization, UNICEF
1
World Health Organization, WFN
1
World Psychiatric Association
1
World Vision
1
Wroe, E.B.
1
Yaria, J.
1
Yarlett, K et al.
1
Yourkavitch, Jennifer
1
Youth Rise (for reducing drug related harm)
1
Zachary, Blake, Zhuzhi Moore, and Pav Govindasamy
1
Publication Years
1990-1999
4
2000-2009
57
2010-2019
483
2020-2024
184
Category
Studies & Reports
84
Policies
77
Women & Child Health
37
Demograhic Health Surveys DHS
36
Community Health
34
Policies & Guidelines HIV & TB
28
Capacity Building
24
COVID-19
23
Humanitarian Crisis
22
Statistics
17
Disabilities
15
Drugs & Medical Equipment
14
Child Health
12
Community Health
12
Guidelines
12
Humanitarian Aid
10
WASH
10
General Guidelines
9
Non-communicable Diseases
8
Surgery & Anaesthesia
7
Maternal Health
7
Neonatal Care
7
Family Planning
6
Palliative Care
5
Child protection
5
Palliative Care
5
Needs Assessment
5
Women & Child Health
5
Primary Health Care
5
Disease Prevention & Control
5
Countries
4
Health System Strengthening
4
Health Systems
4
HIV & STI
4
Reproductive Health
4
Food Security & Nutrition
4
Digital Health
3
Public Health
3
Sanitation
3
Infection Control & Prevention (IPC)
3
Sexual Violence
3
Mental Health
3
Other
3
Quality Control & Assurance
3
Protection & Security
3
NTDs & Others
3
Water
3
Key Resources
3
Pharmacy & Technologies
3
Hygiene Promotion
3
Paediatrics
2
Hepatitis
2
Under-5 nutrition
2
Disaster Preparedness
2
Gender
2
Cancer
2
Monitoring & Evaluation
2
Maternal & Child Health
2
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
2
Menstrual Hygiene Management
2
Public Health
2
Pediatrics
2
Pharmaceutical Assessments
2
Violence against Children
2
Training Manuals
2
Immunization
2
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
2
Age & Elderly
2
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
2
Global Health
2
TB
2
Dental & Eye Care
1
Hand Hygiene
1
Laboratory Waste
1
Vector Control
1
Pediatric cancer
1
MPOX - Monkeypox
1
Emergency Care
1
Virology
1
Vaccine-preventable Diseases
1
Humanitarian Aid
1
NCD
1
Hemorrhagic Fever
1
Medical Devices & Equipment
1
Diarrhoea
1
Respiratory Infections
1
Female Genital Mutilation
1
Nutrition
1
Neurology & Psychology
1
Human African Trypanosomiasis
1
Laboratory Quality Assurance
1
Malaria
1
Toolboxes
Videos & Online Courses
14
Country specific documents
14
Roadmaps, Action Plans & Policies
14
Assessment & Studies
10
Children & Adolescents
10
Global
9
General Reports
8
Social Mobilisation
8
Communication & Training
8
Community Health Workers CHW
8
Education
8
Reports & Studies
8
Rwanda
7
Global Overview
7
Training & Capacity Building
7
Preparedness & Prevention
7
HIV testing & services
6
Ebola Prevention & Control
6
Global Impact: Socio-economic, health services, TB & HIV
6
HIV in Key Populations
6
Universal Health Coverage & Primary Health Care
6
War & Conflict
5
Policies
5
General Studies & Reports
5
General Information
5
Protection
5
International
5
Lobby and Advocacy
5
Africa
4
Global Mental Health
4
Children with Disabilities
4
IPC
4
Treatment & Prevention
4
Public Health
4
Others
4
Studies & Reports
4
Universal Health Coverage UHC and 90-90-90 Strategy
4
Appeals and Response Plans
4
Child Protection
4
Food and Nutrition
4
Planetary Health
4
Agriculture
4
Neurological Disorders
4
General
4
TB & Prisoners
4
Policy
4
For Community Health Workers
4
Uganda
4
Best Practice Models
3
Psychosocial Support (MHPSS)
3
Inclusion
3
International
3
HIV testing & disclosure
3
National Policies
3
Children with disabilities
3
Climate & Health
3
Child Protection
3
Nurses
3
Advocacy & Communication
3
Supply Chain & Store Management
3
Health Care Systems
3
Best Practice Examples
3
General Information & Methodology
3
Children's Rights
3
Community Worker
3
Assessment & Response
3
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT)
The information provided here can be used to understand the current situation, increase attention to preterm births in Rwanda and to inform dialogue and action among stakeholders. Data can be used to identify the most important risk factors to target and gaps in care in order to identify and impleme...nt solutions for improved outcomes.
more
The information provided here can be used to understand the current situation, increase attention to preterm births in Rwanda and to inform dialogue and action among stakeholders. Data can be used to identify the most important risk factors to target and gaps in care in order to identify and impleme...nt solutions for improved outcomes.
more
The information provided here can be used to understand the current situation, increase attention to preterm births in Rwanda and to inform dialogue and action among stakeholders. Data can be used to identify the most important risk factors to target and gaps in care in order to identify and impleme...nt solutions for improved outcomes.
more
The information provided here can be used to understand the current situation, increase attention to preterm births in Rwanda and to inform dialogue and action among stakeholders. Data can be used to identify the most important risk factors to target and gaps in care in order to identify and impleme...nt solutions for improved outcomes.
more
DHS Working Papers No. 105 - Rwanda has developed and implemented many strategies at the national level to reduce the incidence of HIV in the general population. One of the main objectives of such interventions is to improve the general level of knowledge of HIV, with the hypothesis that increasing... HIV knowledge will reduce risky sexual behavior. However, there has been a concern that HIV knowledge may not necessarily reduce risky sexual behavior. Only a limited number of population-based studies describe the results of these interventions in terms of how HIV knowledge affects risky sexual behavior. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to fill in this gap, by exploring HIV knowledge and its effect on risky sexual behavior among men in Rwanda. more
This CPD Policy relates to all health professionals in the four Health Professional Councils in Rwanda namely; RMDC, NCNM, RAHPC, and RPC. The policy requires all health professionals to participate in the CPD Programs. The purpose of this CPD Policy is to support the professionals in the respective... councils to develop a culture of continuing learning, acquire new knowledge and skills, and ensure efficient regulation and appropriate delivery of healthcare services to the community.more
This article reexamines a set of study findings that directly relate to the influence of gender on workplace violence, synthesizes these findings with other research from Rwanda, and examines the subsequent impact of the study on Rwanda’s policy environment.
Paying for performance (P4P) provides financial incentives for providers to increase the use and quality of care. P4P can affect health care by providing incentives for providers to put more effort into specific activities, and by increasing the amount of resources available to finance the delivery ...of services. This paper evaluates the impact of P4P on the use and quality of prenatal, institutional delivery, and child preventive care using data produced from a prospective quasi-experimental evaluation nested into the national rollout of P4P in Rwanda. Treatment facilities were enrolled in the P4P scheme in 2006 and comparison facilities were enrolled two years later. The incentive effect is isolated from the resource effect by increasing comparison facilities’ input-based budgets by the average P4P payments to the treatment facilities. The data were collected from 166 facilities and a random sample of 2158 households. P4P had a large and significant positive impact on institutional deliveries and preventive care visits by young children, and improved quality of prenatal care. The authors find no effect on the number of prenatal care visits or on immunization rates. P4P had the greatest effect on those services that had the highest payment rates and needed the lowest provider effort. P4P financial performance incentives can improve both the use of and the quality of health services. Because the analysis isolates the incentive effect from the resource effect in P4P, the results indicate that an equal amount of financial resources without the incentives would not have achieved the same gain in outcomes. more
The information provided here can be used to understand the current situation, increase attention to preterm births in Rwanda and to inform dialogue and action among stakeholders. Data can be used to identify the most important risk factors to target and gaps in care in order to identify and impleme...nt solutions for improved outcomes.
more
Africa is off track to reach the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 and lags behind in building resilient health systems
and health security, against a backdrop of limited resources. The world envisaged a significant role for governments
in funding the Sustainable Development Agenda, but inadeq...uate funding for health in African countries is
persistent, despite additional continental commitments to address the problem. When commitments to global health
targets and available fiscal space do not align, innovation is warranted.more
The 2014-2015 outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Liberia resulted in over 10,000 cases and 5,000 deaths. Recognizing the importance of addressing children’s trauma, the Ebola recovery and restoration trust fund (EERTF) funded the implementation of a Comfort for kids (C4K) program which encou...rages psychological healing, and promotes resilience in children who have experienced a crisis or disaster. The C4K program in Liberia was implemented between January 2015 and December 2016 in fifteen townships in Montserrado County through a collaboration between Mercy Corps Liberia, the World Bank’s Liberian health task team, and the government of Liberia. C4K primarily centers on the My Story workbook and associated classroom activities, which provide children with the opportunity to express their emotions about their experiences through drawing, writing, and facilitated discussion. C4K also provides capacity building for parents, teachers, and other caretakers on how to identify and more effectively respond to children’s trauma responses and to support their recoverymore
These WHO guidelines which were updated in 2018, are valid for any country and suitable to local adaptations, and take account of the strength of available scientific evidence, the cost and resource implications, and patient values and preferences.
The 2018 edition of the guidelines includes the re...vision of the recommendation regarding the use of 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (high FiO2) in surgical patients under general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation and the update of the section on implementation. Between 2017 and 2018, WHO re-assessed the evidence on the use of high FiO2 by updating the systematic review related to the effectiveness of this intervention to reduce SSI and commissioning an independent systematic review on adverse events potentially associated with it. Based on the updated evidence, the GDG decided to revise the strength of the recommendation from strong to conditional.more
This is the ninth paper in our series, “Community Health Workers at the Dawn of a New Era”. Community health workers (CHWs) are in an intermediary position between the health system and the community. While this position provides CHWs with a good platform to improve community health, a major cha...llenge in large-scale CHW programmes is the need for CHWs to establish and maintain benefcial relationships with both sets of actors, who may have diferent expectations and needs. This paper focuses on the quality of CHW relationships with actors at the local level of the national health system and with communities.more
The coronavirus outbreak that began in 2019 (COVID-19) threatens to reverse years of hard-won gains in preventing and treating HIV. Fragile health systems are further stressed as health workers navigate an increased client load and demands at work while also being concerned for their own health and ...that of their families. Health facilities have been redesigned to care for patients with COVID-19, posing challenges to other services. Governments and civil society organizations have redirected scarce resources and shifted programming priorities to respond to the pandemic. Several countries have reported intermittent declines in HIV testing and diagnosis, antenatal care visits, collection of antiretroviral medicines (ARVs) by people living with HIV, and attendance at clinic appointments. Community-based education and support programmes have had to rapidly adapt to restrictions on movement and public gatherings. Children, adolescents, and women have experienced multiple deprivations due to the adverse impact of the pandemic.more
Many groups in sub-Saharan Africa have historically linked persons with disabilities with witchcraft as a component of a wider link between accusations of witchcraft and socially marginalized populations. It is commonly assumed that traditional prejudices towards persons with disabilities are recedi...ng in light of urbanization, education, mass media and efforts to confront such prejudice and stigma by governments,
disability advocates and civil society. Ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) by many African countries is considered an additional impetus for change.
Working Paper Series: No. 30 more