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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Liberia: National Policy and Strategic Plan on Health Promotion 2016-2021

Ministry of Health, Liberia; World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) C_WHO

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Communicating about Vaccine Safety: Guidelines to help health workers communicate with parents, caregivers, and patients

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2020) C_WHO

28 Dec 2020. The main objective of these guidelines is to provide tools for staff working in the field of immunization to support effective communication between health personnel and the general population, with the aim of strengthening, maintaining or recovering trust in vaccines and the immunizati... more

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Anxiety and depression

R.d M. Rapee Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (2013) C2

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Program of Psychological Rehabilitation of the National Guard of Ukraine Military Personnel Participated in Combat Actions

Prykhodko, I.I. (2018) CC

International Journal of Science Annals DOI 10.26697/ijsa.2018.1-2.05; UDC 159.9.072(477)

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Rwanda: The National Health Research Agenda 2014-2018

Ministry of Health, Rwanda (2014) C2

This report outlines the Ministry of Health’s National Health Research Agenda in which it identifies research priorities in health. It will be implemented in the same time frame as the Health Sector Strategic Plain 2012-2018. The Ministry of Health being the implementing agency of this document, i... more

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Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies
recommended

Amaya M Gillespie, Rafael Obregon, Rania El Asawi, et al. (2016) CC

doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00226; Glob Health Sci Pract December 23, 2016 vol. 4 no. 4 p. 626-646

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Examining the associations between HIV-related stigma and health outcomes in people living with HIV/AIDS: a series of meta-analyses

S. Rueda; S. Mitra; S. Chen; et al. BMJ Open; Pub Med (2016) CC

Rueda S, et al. BMJ Open 2016;6:e011453. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011453

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Essential Nutrition Actions and Essential Hygiene Actions: Training Guide – Community Workers

Quinn, V., and A. Guyon (2015) CC

The Essential Nutrition Actions and Essential Hygiene Actions Training Guide: Community Workers strengthens the capacity of community workers to deliver and promote the essential nutrition and hygiene actions. It introduces technical content within hands-on sessions to practice counseling and negoti... more

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Risk Communication & Community Engagement: Practical Tips on Engaging Adolescents and Youth in the COVID-19 Response

reliefweb; Unicef (2020) C_UNICEF

The purpose of this brief is to provide practical tips for UNICEF country offices, partners and young people themselves on engaging adolescents and youth as part of the COVID-19 preparedness and response. As a first step, we recommend engaging with adolescents and youth to understand what their need... more

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CH 5: Effective strategies for detecting maltreatment of children and youth within the context of mental health and developmental assessment.

World Health Organization (2015) C_WHO

(New 2015) Scoping question: Within the context of mental health and developmental assessment of children and youth, what are the effective strategies for detecting maltreatment?

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Guía para padres sobre medicamentos

American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and American Psychiatric Association; Elaine Schlosser Lewis Fund (2013) C2

TDAH

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Building Health System Capacity Through Implementation Research: Experience of INSPIRE—A Multi-country PMTCT Implementation Research Project

M. Newman Owiredu; N. B. Bellareet; C. C. Chakanyuka Musanhu al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; Wolters Kluwer Health (2017) C2

Supplement Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Volume 75, Supplement 2, June 1, 2017 Building Health Systems through Implementation Research Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.