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WHO’s antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic-based acquired drug resistance survey method yields robust estimates of HIV viral suppression and acquired HIV drug resistance in adults, children and adolescents taking both dolutegravir and non-dolutegravir based regimens. Results are used to inform A ... more
HIV drug resistance strategies focus on prevention through adherence and treatment optimization, surveillance to monitor resistance trends, and innovation in new drugs and diagnostics. Key approaches include implementing national action plans, strengthening laboratory capacity for monitoring, and pr ... more
Recency assays use one or more biomarkers to identify whether HIV infection in a person is recent (usually within a year or less) or longstanding. Recency assays have been used to estimate incidence in representative cross-sectional surveys and in epidemiological studies to better understand the pat ... more
HIV, viral hepatitis and STI epidemics, particularly among people who inject drugs and other key populations, continue to be fuelled by laws and policies criminalizing sex work; drug use or possession; diverse forms of gender expression and sexuality; stigma and discrimination; gender discrimination ... more
This policy brief describes key HIV viral load thresholds and the available viral load testing approaches for monitoring how well antiretroviral therapy is working for people living with HIV. It provides clarification for and elaborates upon the current treatment monitoring algorithm from the Consol ... more
HIV testing programmes need to ensure that all clients who test for HIV are provided with correct diagnoses. The accuracy of HIV testing is critical to prevent misdiagnosis, as the consequences of giving an incorrect test result can be serious for clients, HIV testing services, HIV programmes and pu ... more
Offering additional pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) choices has the potential to increase uptake and effective use of PrEP, and of HIV prevention overall, as it allows people to choose a method that they prefer. In this guideline, WHO recommends an offering long-acting injectable lenacapavir (LEN ... more
Guidelines on lenacapavir for HIV prevention and testing strategies for long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis. Web Annex B
AIDS Behav. 2022 Feb;26(2):375-384.doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03391. A community health worker (CHW) model can promote HIV prevention and treatment behaviors, especially in highly mobile populations. In a fishing community in Rakai, Uganda, the Rakai Health Sciences Program implemented a communit ... more
This brief report summarizes recent information on HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in the era of integrase-strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) for HIV prevention and treatment.
Program Considerations

HIV Drug Resistance

Gingo, D. Ministry of Health, Uganda (2022) C1
ATIC Newsletter, Vol 15, Issue 1, February 2022.
2024 GLOBAL AIDS UPDATE Thematic briefing note
Operational requirements for implementing WHO recommendations in digital systems. 2nd edition. To ensure that countries can effectively benefit from digital health investments, “digital adaptation kits” (DAKs) are designed to facilitate the accurate reflection of WHO’s clinical, public health ... more

Principles of HIV drug resistance testing and interpretation

Levin, L. Dept. of Health, South Africa; PEPFAR (2023) C1
Presentation
National Guidelines
The Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents With HIV document is published in an electronic format and updated as relevant changes in prevention and treatment recommendations occur.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat in South Africa and is the leading cause of death in people living with HIV (PWH). Pre-hospital and early in- hospital mortality is of particular concern in PWH. Significant progress has been made to date, but a monumental effort is require ... more
This issue brief provides information about TB and HIV clinical trials and research programs impacted by U.S. government funding disruptions, and proposes urgent actions that donor agencies, governments, and philanthropies can take to preserve scientific advances underway and prevent the collapse ... more
FORTBILDUNG – SCHWERPUNKT TUBERKULOSE HIV & More