Gerald Keusch, Keith McAdam, Patricia Cuff, Michelle Mancher, and Emily R. Busta
1
German Bishops' Conference Research Group on International Church Affairs
1
Germany’s National Public Health Institute (RKI), et al.
1
GHAIN Global HIV
1
Ghana Health Service (GHS)
1
Ghana Prisons
1
Ghana, Ministry of Health
1
Gibson, A.
1
GIZ
1
GiZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
1
Global Fund, World Bank Group, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance et al.
1
Global Handwashing Partnership
1
Global Health Institute, University of California
1
Global Polio Eradication Initiative GPEI
1
Global Preparedness Monitoring Board
1
Global Task Force on Cholera
1
Globalization and Health
1
Goal
1
GOARN Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) Coordination Working Group, et al.
1
Goverment of the Netherlands
1
Government of Ethiopia
1
Government of Lesotho, World Health Organization (WHO) & United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Family Health Division
1
Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Philippines
1
Government of Sierra Leone
1
Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Health Education Division
1
Government of Tanzania
1
Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh DGHS Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
1
Government of the Republic of Zambia
1
Government of the Syrian Arab Republic, UN Development Programme
1
Government of Timor-Leste
1
Government of Uganda
1
Greenhalgh, T.
1
Group URD
1
Gupta, A.
1
Guzman-Vilca, W. C.
1
H. Bailey et al.
1
H. Bergmann
1
H. Drobna, C. Mallouris
1
H. Garrison-Desany
1
H. H. Nguyen
1
H. Hafizi
1
H. Ingold
1
H. Sakamoto
1
H.L. Nguyen
1
Haitham Shoman, Emilie Karafillakis and Salman Rawaf
1
Haldane, V., De Foo, C., Abdalla, S.M. et al.
1
Handicap International
1
Health and Education Advice and Resource Team
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Communication Capacity Collaborative, et al.
1
Health Poverty Action
1
HEART (Health & Education Advice and Resource Team
1
Heliyon
1
HelpAge
1
Henao-Restrepo, A.M.
1
Henry Perry
1
Hernández Serrano, P.
1
HIV Economics Reference Group
1
HIV Self-Testing Africa Initiative
1
Hoffmann, C.
1
Humanitarian Reponse Team
1
IASC, Global Nutrition Cluster, UNICEF
1
IAWG on Reproductive Health in Crises, IPPF, JSI, et al.
1
IBIS
1
ICAP
1
ICF Macro, USA
1
ICRC
1
Idika, IK.
1
Idro R, Musubire K A, Byamah Mutamba B
1
IDS
1
IFRC
1
IGAT Hope INC.
1
ILO
1
iMedPub Journals
1
Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
1
Independent Review Team
1
Indian Council of Medical Research
1
Indian Council of Medical Research - Department of Health Research
1
Inés Garcia Baena, Andrew Siroka, Amy Collins et al.
1
Infections & Morbidities
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)
1
Institute for research in international assistance
1
Institute for Security Studies ISS
1
Inter Sector Coordination Group (ISCG)
1
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC
1
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC, et al.
1
Inter-Agency Task Team to Adress HIV in Humanitarian Emergencies
1
Internation Federation of Red Cross
1
International AIDS Society (IAS)
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), World Health Organization (WHO)
1
International Medical Corps
1
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
1
International Organization for Migration, Inter Sector Coordination Group
1
International Research Institute for Climate and Society, World Health Organization
1
International Society for infectious Diseases
1
IOM
1
ISDR
1
J. Amon
1
J. Ananworanich
1
J. Begovac
1
J. Begovacc
1
J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
J. Bushati
1
J. Kaner and S.Schaack
1
J. Langer and J. Slawomirski
1
J. Lindeman
1
J. M. Humphrey
1
J. Wasserheit, H. Schünemann, et cl.
1
J.-I. Cakalo
1
J.-W. De Neve
1
J.E. Suk, D. Fischer et al.
1
J.G. Shaffer
1
J.Lundgren
1
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
1
Jean-Pierre Coulaud, George Schmid, ИгорьТоскин et al.
1
John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
1
John Hopkins Bloomberg University
1
John Hopkins University
1
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
1
Joint HIV, TB and PMTCT Review Steering committee
1
Journal of Infection and Public Health
1
Journal of the International AIDS Society
1
K. Church
1
K. Ciceri
1
K. G. Andrews
1
K. Mason
1
K.L.Ebi
1
Kamps, B.S.
1
Kang Yiu Lai, Wing Yiu George Ng and Fan Fanny Cheng
1
Kanu, H.
1
Karin Hatzold
1
Katrin Leitmeyer
1
Kelley, Edward T.
1
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
1
Kendall, Tamil
1
Kenya Medical Research Institute
1
Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Kenya MInistry of Health, Community Development, Elderly and Children
1
Kenya Ministry of Health, National AIDS and STI Control Program
1
Keymanthri Moodley, Kate Hardie, Michael J Selgelid, et al.
1
Khaltaev, N.
1
Khan, J.
1
Kieny, Marie-Paule
1
Kim, Sun Mean
1
Klazinga, Niek
1
Kunda J., Gosling S., Foody G. et al.
1
Kurowski, C.
1
L. G. Johnston
1
L. L. Abuogi
1
L. Mofenson
1
Lamunu M, Lutwama J.J, Kamugisha J
1
LaRocque, R.
1
Latvian Centre for Human Rights
1
Leatherman, Sheila
1
Lee, V.
1
LemonAid Fund
1
Leon-Velarde, F.
1
Lesotho National AIDS Commission, Government of Lesotho
1
Lok Swasthya SEWA Trust and World Health Organization WHO India
1
Loulou Kobeissi
1
LSHTM
1
Luwabelwa, M.
1
M. Bray, M.S.Hirsch, D.Mitty, et al.
1
M. Cabra
1
M. Dara
1
M. Dara, C. D. Acosta, M. V. S. Vinklers Melchers, et al.
1
M. Giles
1
M. Gjergji
1
M. Gogia
1
M. Hoekstra
1
M. J. van der Werfa
1
M. K. Sugai et al.
1
M. Kasianczuk
1
M. Kontio
1
M. Mansfeld
1
M. Ndinakie Yakum, A. Pascal Goura
1
M. Ristola
1
M. Smelyanskaya, C. Daniels, et al.
1
M. Smelyanskaya, J. Duncan (The Focus Group Consulting)
1
M. Sologashvili
1
M. Sundararaj
1
M.J. Choi
1
M.Johnson
1
M.Revishvili
1
Machalaba
1
Machalaba, C.
1
Malaria Consortium
1
Malawi Ministry of Health
1
Manju Vatsa, Duangvadee Sungkhobol, Sudarshan Kumari, et al.
1
Manolito L. Chua, Marissa M. Alejandria
1
Marcel R. Dubouloz
1
Markbreiter, J.
1
Martini M, M. Abdiker
1
Mary-Anne Hartley, Alyssa Young, Anh-Minh Tran et al.
1
Matsushita, K.
1
McGloin, J.
1
McGuin, Rachael
1
MEDAIR
1
Mediscript Ltd
1
Melissa Leach
1
Médecins Sans Frontière
1
Médecins Sans Frontières MFS
1
Médecins sans Frontières MSF
1
mHealth Kenya
1
Michael T. Osterholma, Kristine A. Moorea, Nicholas S. Kelley et al.
1
Ministere de la Santé Publique
1
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
1
Ministère de la Santé, DR Congo
1
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries
1
Ministry of Disaster Management Affairs and Public Events
1
Ministry of Health & Child Welfare
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Nirman Bhawan New Delhi
1
Ministry of Health and Medical Education Iran
1
Ministry of Health and Population in Haiti
1
Ministry of Health and Population Nepal
1
Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Sierra Leone
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS), Namibia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS), UNAIDS
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Liberia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Republic of Liberia
1
Ministry of Health and Wellness
1
Ministry of Health Ghana
1
Ministry of Health Malawi
1
Ministry of Health Nepal
1
Ministry of Health Republic South Sudan
1
Ministry of Health Uganda
1
Ministry of Health Uganda, Control of Diarrheal Diseases
1
Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
1
Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Government of Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health, Democratic Republic of Congo
1
Ministry of Health, Demographic Republic of the Congo
1
Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana
1
Ministry of Health, Ghana, Ghana AIDS Commission
1
Ministry of Health, Ghana, World Health Organizaiotn (WHO) and Ghana Health Service
1
Ministry of Health, Liberia, World Health Organization (WHO), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
1
Ministry of Health, Malawi
1
Ministry of Health, Pakistan
1
Ministry of Health, Republic of Botswana
1
Ministry of Health, Tanzania
1
Ministry of Heatlh and Social Welfare, Tanzania
1
Minja, N.W.
1
Moriana, S.
1
MSF Access Campaign
1
MSF Médecins sans Frontières
1
Mukhtar A Adeiza, Abdullah A Abba, Juliana U Okpapi
1
Mumbo, AA.
1
Muntean Al., Popa M.
1
MW Sonderup, Y Pillay et al.
1
Myanmar Red Cross Society
1
Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports
1
N. Amanzholov
1
NACO
1
NADMO Ghana
1
Najmeh Modarres
1
Nakagaayi, D.
1
Nang Lao Liang Won (Researcher)
1
Nat Commun 13, 2788 (2022)
1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1
National Academy of Sciences of the USA
1
National Agency for Control of AIDS (NACA)
1
National AIDS Commission, Ministry of People's Welfare Republic of Indonesia
1
National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India
1
National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
1
National Association of People With HIV Australia
1
National Center for HIV
1
National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
National Centre for Disease Control
1
National Department of Health, South Africa
1
National Epidemiology Center Department of Health Philippines
1
National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council
1
National HIVAIDS Council Zambia
1
National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi, Kenya, and ICF International
1
National Malaria Elimination Centre, Ministry of Health, Zambia
1
National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
1
National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, India
1
Nature Scientific Reports
1
NDP 2030
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
Nejad, Sepideh Bagheri
1
Nepal Public Health Foundation
1
Nieto-Sanchez C., Hatley DM, Gijalva MJ., et al.
1
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria
1
Noel G. Macalalad, Ma. Cecilia G. Ama, Arthur B. Lagos et al.
1
Nomura, S.
1
nternational Labour Organization
1
Nunziata, K. R.
1
Nwokike J., Ludeman E., Thumm M.
1
Nyamsore, J
1
OAS
1
Obiezue, RN.
1
Observatory of the Penal System and Human Rights (University of Barcelona)
1
Okoye, CI.
1
Olivia Tiberi
1
OMS
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Sant&
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), Niger
1
Oritz, G.
1
Ovid
1
Oxfam
1
Oxfam International, et al.
1
Ozioko ,KU.
1
P. Booth
1
P. Drain, and T. Hall
1
P. Pipero
1
P. Zucs
1
Pact (Building Capacity Worldwide)
1
Pact Inc. and International Center for Research on Women (ICRW)
1
PAHO
1
Palale M.
1
Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO)
1
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
1
PATH
1
Paul Roddy, Natasha Howard, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, et al.
1
Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo, C.
1
PeerJ Preprints
1
Perez Calderon, Luis Jorge
1
PGP, UNICEF, Yale Institute for Global Health
1
Pierre Perrin
1
PLOS Neclected Tropical Diseases
1
PLOS journals
1
PMC
1
PMC (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health)
1
PMC (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health)
1
PMC - US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
1
Polio Global Eradication Intiative
1
Popa G.
1
Prevent Project
1
Prof. Dr. A. K. Azad
1
Prof. Dr. S. Tahamina
1
Prof. Q. T. Islam
1
Program for Appropriate Technology in Health PATH
1
Psychosocial Centre
1
Q.M. Trinh
1
R Loewenson
1
R. Elovich
1
R. Zahn
1
R.M.
1
Rachel Silverman
1
Rajan, S.
1
RCCE technical working group
1
Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre
1
Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET)
1
Regional Office Africa
1
Regional Office for Africa, Government of Mauritius
1
Regional Office for Europe
1
Reliefweb
1
Reliefweb OCHA
1
Reliefweb OCHA Services
1
Repoductive Health Journal
1
Republic of Libria, National AIDS Commission (NAC)
1
Republic of Rwanda & Commission Nationale de lutte contre le SIDA (CNLS)
1
Republic of South Sudan
1
Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Health
1
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory
1
République de Cameroun
1
République Démocratique du Congo, Ministère de la Santé
1
Ricardo Heinzelmann, Rogerio Luz Coelho Neto et al.
1
Robert Koch Institut RKI
1
Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International
1
Rodrigues R., S. Ilinca, K. Schulmann
1
Romanello M., McGushin A., et al.
1
Rose Zulliger
1
Routledge
1
Rugigana, Etienne, Francine Birungi, and Manassé Nzayirambaho
1
Rumunu, J. et al.
1
Ruth Newman, Richard Hansen, John Quigley and Don Schramm
1
Rwanda Biomedical Center
1
S. Aleyan
1
S. Basu
1
S. F. Jakobsen
1
S. Galwankar
1
S. Gogochashvili
1
S. Ibisevic
1
S. Jain
1
S. Laver
1
S. Meek, M. Rowland, and M. Connolly
1
S. Orbelyan
1
S. Stash
1
S. Uysal
1
S.B. Calderwood and A.Bloom
1
S.Kinloch-de Loës, et al.
1
SAARC Tuberculosis and HIV
1
Sachs, J., Karim, S., Aknin, L. et al.
1
Saimiento, Juan Pablo et al.
1
Santesso, N.
1
Santos, D.
1
Santos-D'Amorim K, Fernandes de Oliveira Mirand MK
1
Scarpetta, Stefano
1
Schieffelin, JS.
1
Sebit, W.
1
Sekamatte, M.
1
Sekou W. Konneh
1
Seung Hee Lee-Kwan, et al.
1
Sharon Alane Abramowitz, et al.
1
Shears, Paul, T.J.D. O'Dempsey
1
SIAPS
1
Silvia Dallatomasina, et al.
1
Siriam, A.
1
SLADEA (Sierra Leone Adult Education Association), et al.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action
1
Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade
1
Soka, M.J.
1
Solidarités International
1
South African Government
1
South African National AIDS Council
1
South African National AIDS council (our Action count)
1
South African National AIDS Council, et al.
1
Souza Salles, T.
1
Spearman, CWN
1
Sphere
1
Springer Science+Business Media
1
Standleya C. J., Carlinb E. P., Sorrella E. M. et al.
1
Staples JE, Dziuban EJ, Fischer M, et al
1
STEPS Centre, Institute of Development Studies
1
Steve Aldrich, et al.
1
Stop TB Partnership, World Health Organization
1
Syed, Shamsuzzoha
1
T. da Encarnação Sá-Guimarães, E. Seam Lima de Alvarenga et al.
1
T. Jones and J. Bedford
1
T. Lievens
1
T. Noori
1
T. Rhodes
1
T. T.T. Dinh
1
Tambo, Ernest
1
TDR
1
Teichert U., P. Tinnemann
1
Teklemariam M., Assefa A., Kassa M., et al.
1
The Alliance for children protection in humanitarian action
1
The DHS Program
1
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
1
The Global Fund To fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
1
The Government of Malawi
1
The John Hopkins University
1
The Johns Hopkins and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
1
The Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Healt
1
The Journal of Global Health
1
The Kenya Mentor Mother Program
1
The Lancet Commissions
1
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas
1
The MEDBOX Team
1
The National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme, Zambia
1
The Polio Global Eradication Initiative
1
The Public Good Projects
1
The Republic of Malawi
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports, Department of Health
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health, Department of Health, Child Health Division
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement (MSWRR), Ministry of Health
1
Thomson, M.C.
1
Tjaden, N.B.
1
Towards a Safer World
1
Translation without Borders
1
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
1
U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
1
Uganda AIDS Commission
1
Uganda Aids Commission, Republic of Uganda
1
UN Development Programme, UN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response
1
UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees
1
UN Industrial Development Organization
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Government of Madagascar, UN Country Team in Madagascar
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Regional Interagency Standing Committee, Southern Africa
1
UN UN Environment Programme UNEP
1
UNAIDS | GAMET
1
UNCT Zambia
1
UNESCO
1
UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund)
1
UNHR
1
Unicef (Eastern and Southern Africa Office)
1
UNICEF and UNFPA
1
UNIECF
1
UNITAID
1
Unitaid (Innovation in Global Health)
1
UNITAID Secretariat, World Health Organization
1
United National Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
1
United Nations
1
United Nations Enviroment Programme
1
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
1
United Nations in Moldova
1
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Regional Office for Central Asia)
1
United Nations Population Fund
1
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Zambia
1
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
1
UpToDate
1
US Embassy Freetown
1
USAID (From the American People)
1
USAID (U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)
1
USAID, SIAPS
1
V. Andreeva
1
V. Krishnasamy, L.Bulage et al.
1
V. Martsynovska
1
V. Parikh
1
V. Tucci
1
V.N. Nguyen
1
Veeri, B. et al.
1
Veillard, Jeremy Henri Maurice
1
Velho Barreto de Araújo, T.
1
Veronese, Vanessa et al.
1
Ville de Goyet, Claude de
1
Vitillo, B.
1
Waldman, L.
1
Wamai, R.
1
Wellcome Trust
1
WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO
1
WHO Regional Office for Africa
1
WHO Western Pacific, Manila, and WHO South-East Asia, New Delhi
1
WHO, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, South African Medical Research Council
1
WHO, THE END TB STRATEGY
1
WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division
1
Wiedenmayer, K. et al.
1
Wieland B., Flintan F., et al.
1
Wirtz, Andrea L.
1
Wisner, B
1
Wolrd Health Organization
1
Wolters Kluwer Health
1
Wonder Goredema Jane Briggs Mupela Ntengu, et al.
1
Woodhead M., F. Blasi, S. Ewig, et al.
1
Word Health Organization
1
Word Health Organization WHO
1
World Animal Health Organization (OIE)
1
World Bank et al.
1
World Bank Group
1
World Bank, et al.
1
World Diabetes Foundation
1
World Food Programme
1
World Health Organisation WHO
1
World Health Organisation, International Labour Organization
1
World Health Organization WHO
1
World Health Organization ( WHO), Regional Office for Africa
1
World Health Organization (Bangladesh)
1
World Health Organization (Regional Office for South-East-Asia)
1
World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region)
1
World Health Organization (WHO) - Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Country Office for Myanmar
1
World Health Organization (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Kenya Country Office
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Ministry of Health, DR Congo
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Myanmar, Ministry of Health
1
World Health Organization (WHO), National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research (ICBDSR)
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and The World Bank
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization - Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean
1
World Health Organization et al.
1
World Health Organization Europe
1
World Health Organization Regional
1
World Health Organization WHO, et al.
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office African Region
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean Region
1
World Health Organization WHO, Stop TB
1
World Health Organization WHO, Unicef
1
World Health Organization, Ethopian country office
1
World Health Organization, Europe
1
World Health Organization, ISDR, EU
1
World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office Africa
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Americas
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization, Western Pacific Office
1
World Heart Federation
1
World Organisation for Animal Health
1
Xiaoxu Wu, Yongmei Lu, Sen Zhou et al.
1
Y .V. Kruglov
1
Yale, G.
1
Ziaggi, G.
1
Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Child Care
1
Васильева Ирина Анатольевна, Самойлова Анастасия Геннадьевна, Эргешов Атаджан Эргешович et al.
1
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
1
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Европа)
1
Г-жа M. Mansfeld
1
Г-н Z. T. Gavry
1
Д-р M. Dara
1
Дженнифер Батлер
1
Джорджа Айалы
1
федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза российской академии медицинских наук, Американский международный союз здравоохранения
1
Фонд Организации Объединенных Наций в области народонаселения
1
ЮНЭЙДС
1
世界卫生组织
1
Interagency Coordination Group on Antimicrobial Resistance IAGG
Sleeping sickness is controlled by case detection and treatment but this often only reaches less than 75% of the population. Vector control is capable of completely interrupting HAT transmission but is not used because of expense. We conducted a full scale field trial of a refined vector control tec...hnology. From preliminary trials we determined the number of insecticidal tiny targets required to control tsetse populations by more than 90%. We then carried out a full scale, 500 km2 field trial covering two HAT foci in Northern Uganda (overall target density 5.7/km2). In 12 months tsetse populations declined by more than 90%. A mathematical model suggested that a 72% reduction in tsetse population is required to stop transmission in those settings. The Ugandan census suggests population density in the HAT foci is approximately 500 per km2. The estimated cost for a single round of active case detection (excluding treatment), covering 80% of the population, is US$433,333 (WHO figures). One year of vector control organised within country, which can completely stop HAT transmission, would cost US$42,700. The case for adding this new method of vector control to case detection and treatment is strong. We outline how such a component could be organised.more
This regional advocacy strategy on HIV and AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) and sexually transmitted infetions (STIs) is intended for use by Southern African Development Community (SADC) Member States at a national level. This is an overall advocacy strategy highlighting the most important issues relating to... HIV and AIDS, TB and STIs in the Southern African region. It provides a broad advocacy framework for each of the issues identied, along with key targets, messages, and interventionsmore
Women, girls and marginalized groups who are largely dependent on natural resources for livelihoods are among the hardest hit by extreme weather patterns. These weather patterns limit their access to food, water, shelter, education and access to essential health services, including those that addres...s sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), gender-based violence (GBV) and preventing harmful practices such as child marriage and female genital mutilation.more
The target audience of this document (and the associated online companion tool) includes WHO country offices
in Member States of the African Region; Member States’ ministries of health and their public health emergency
operation centres; relevant external assessment teams; and partners looking... to identify preparedness gaps and
support interventions that help address them. In the event of a suspected or confirmed VHF case, the document also serves to provide any intervening partner with a sense of what structures should be in place, in order to guide
scale-up activities in line with regional and national plans.more
The application of digital health technology is growing at a rapid rate in Africa, with the goals of improving the delivery of healthcare services and more effectively reaching out to remote and underserved communities. The lack of enabling guidelines and standards across the continent, on the other... hand, makes it difficult to share data in a meaningful way across the continent.
Considering this, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) established a task force of 24 members to provide expertise and guidance in the development of AU HIE guidelines and standards. Members of the task force were subject matter experts working in Africa and internationally on the collection, analysis, and exchange of health information. Some of these experts had been involved in previous consultations on defining Africa CDC’s health information systems strategy. A chairperson, co-chairperson, and secretary were elected to engage the task force members in different technical working groups.more
The Global Early Warning – Early Action (EWEA) report on food security and agriculture is developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The report is part of FAO’s EWEA system, which aims to translate forecasts and early warnings into anticipatory action.
Updated guidance. The guidance provides useful information to staff working in prisons, as well as to health and prison authorities, explaining how to prevent and address a potential outbreak of COVID-19. In addition, it aims to protect the health and well-being of all those who live and work in, an...d visit, these settings and the general population at large. People deprived of their liberty, and living or working in enclosed environments in close proximity, are likely to be more vulnerable to the COVID-19 disease than the general population. Moreover, correctional facilities may amplify and enhance COVID-19 transmission beyond their walls.more
The WHO continuously reviews available data on SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. For this version, the global epidemiological
situation of the COVID-19 pandemic as of 21 January 2022 – at a time when the Omicron VOC had been identified in 171
countries across all six WHO Regions and was rapidly re...placing Delta worldwide – was considered Omicron has a substantial growth advantage, higher secondary attack rates and a higher observed reproduction number than Delta.
There is now significant evidence that immune evasion contributes to the rapid spread of Omicron. Other factors may be a shorter
serial interval (by about 0.8 to 1.2 days compared to Delta) and potential increased intrinsic transmission fitness . There is
growing evidence that with Omicron, there is lower vaccine effectiveness (VE) against infection and symptomatic disease soon after vaccination compared to Delta. There is also evidence of accelerated waning of VE over time of the primary series against infection and symptomatic disease for the studied vaccines. Further studies are required to better understand the drivers of transmission and declining incidence in various settings. These factors include the intrinsic transmission fitness properties of the virus, degree of immune evasion, vaccination coverage and level of vaccine-derived and post-infection immunity, levels of social mixing and degree of application of public health and social measures (PHSM).more
This document presents a consolidated summary of urgent activities
required to advance preparedness, as elaborated in each country's
national plan, with a particular focus on Priority 1 countries. It
presents the estimated requirements, needs, and gaps for each of the
Priority 1 countries and a ...summary for Priority 2 countries, as
aligned for the period of July to December 2019.more
As part of our commitment to the fight against NCDs, Nigeria was signatory to the political declaration at the UN General Assembly High Level Meeting on NCDs in September 2011. Thus, the purpose of this document is to develop and ensure the implementation of policies and p...rogrammes that will engender and guarantee a healthy lifestyle and quality health for all Nigerians. The core sections include background, scope of the policy, policy goal, strategic thrusts for implementation, programme management and coordination, roles of stakeholders and partnership coordination. It is expected that with the adoption of this policy, the control and prevention of NCDs and their associated risk factors will be well integrated at all levels of government and health care delivery system in Nigeria. This policy document is therefore a stepping stone towards the development of guidelines for the prevention and management of NCDs.more
Occupational health and safety programmes aim to prevent diseases and injuries arising out of, linked with or occurring in the course of work, while improving the quality and safety of care, safeguarding the health workforce and promoting environmental sustainability in the health sector.
This gu...ide provides an overview of the key elements of occupational health and safety programmes for health workers at national, subnational and facility levels, as well as advice for the development and implementation of such programmes. Health workers exposure risk assessment and management in the context of COVID-19 virusmore
Workplaces outside of healthcare facilities can be also settings for transmission of COVID-19. Outbreaks of COVID-19 has been reported in various types of workplaces and job categories.
All workers should be protected from acquiring COVID-19 because of their work. The prevention of COVID-19 in ...work settings should be combined with measures for protecting physical and mental health, safety and wellbeing of workers from other occupational hazards in the operation, closures and reopening of workplaces.
This joint WHO/ILO policy brief provides a summary of the evidence for transmission of COVID-19 in general workplaces and an overview of WHO and ILO recommendations for prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 and for protecting health and safety at work in the context of the pandemic.more