Almost two years after the signing of the Political Accord for Peace and Reconciliation (APPR), the Central African population is still hostage to an unstable and unpredictable security environment. Continuing conflicts in several areas of the country, structural weaknesses combined with the socio-e...conomic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the devastating effects of natural disasters have plunged 2.6 million people into dire needs. Of this total, 1.6 million have severe humanitarian needs, a figure unmatched for five years, reflecting a deterioration in the physical and mental well-being and living conditions of populations across the country.
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Worldwide, more people are on the move now than ever before, yet many refugees and migrants face poorer health outcomes than the host populations. Addressing their health needs is, therefore, a global health priority and integral to the principle of the right to health for all. The key is to strengt...hen and maintain health systems by ensuring that they are refugee- and migrant-sensitive and inclusive.
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Countries are making progress toward the global goal of 95% of people living with HIV knowing their status by 2025. However, considerable gaps remain in achieving these goals globally. Men in high HIV burden settings and men from key populations in all settings are consistently less likely to know t...heir HIV status than women. Globally, 78% of men ages 15 years and older who are living with HIV are aware of their HIV status, compared with 86% of women with HIV of these ages.
Offering HIV testing services, including HIV self-testing, at formal and informal workplaces has emerged as an effective, acceptable and feasible approach for reaching men. A 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) and International Labour Organization (ILO) policy brief provides key guiding principles for HIVST implementation at workplaces. Building on the 2018 policy brief, this brief captures early experience with HIVST implementation at workplaces and discusses emerging approaches of sustainable financing that can be adapted for HIV self-testing at workplaces.
The primary audiences for this policy brief are ministries of health and labour, national HIV programmes, employers’ organizations, workers’ organizations (labour unions), enterprises, implementing partners, including civil society organizations, and health insurance agencies.
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Founded in 1977, the Southern African Hypertension Society promotes the common interests of the members of the Society, being persons and organisations concerned with the study and treatment of hypertension. The Society is committed to the maintenance of the highest professional and ethical standard...s in clinical practice and research and in all its affairs and activities. The Society strongly endorses internationally recognised human rights standards, particularly in medical practice and research as set out in the Declaration of Tokyo, 1975 and the Declaration of Helsinki, 2008. The Society is opposed to all forms of discrimination on the grounds of nationality, race, religion or sex. The Society was registered as a non-profit company in South Africa in 2002.
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The OpenWHO course titled "Interventions for Noncommunicable Diseases in Primary Health Care" provides guidance on screening, detection, diagnosis, and management of major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases (asthma and chron...ic obstructive pulmonary disease), and early cancer detection within primary health care settings. It emphasizes delivering high-impact essential NCD interventions through a primary healthcare approach to enhance early detection and timely treatment. This course is part of the SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS series, which includes four courses aimed at enabling learners to plan and deliver NCD services effectively.
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Bolkan HA, Bash-Taqi DA, Samai M, Gerdin M, von Schreeb J. Ebola and Indirect Effects on Health Service Function in Sierra Leone. PLOS Currents Outbreaks. 2014 Dec 19. Edition 1. doi: 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.0307d588df619f9c9447f8ead5b72b2d.
Inpatient health services have been severely affecte...d by the Ebola outbreak. The dramatic documented decline in facility inpatient admissions and major surgery is likely to be an underestimation. Reestablishing such care is urgent and must be a priority.
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Most of the global burden of sepsis occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but the prevalence and etiology of sepsis in LMICs are not well understood. In particular, the lack of laboratory infrastructure in many LMICs has historically precluded an assessment of the pathogens leading to ...sepsis. A recent systematic review found that data describing antimicrobial resistance were absent for 43% of countries in Africa, and only two countries have national antimicrobial resistance plans. In addition, small studies have identified indiscriminate antibiotic use both in and out of hospital settings in sub-Saharan Africa. The absence of microbiological data and lack of antibiotic stewardship complicate sepsis management and almost certainly worsens outcomes, particularly in low-resource systems. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, etiology, and outcomes of sepsis among a cohort of critically ill patients in a referral hospital of Malawi, with a focus on the prevalence of culture-confirmed bacteremia and urinary tract infections.
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What is good ear care? Should we clean our ears? How can noise affect our ears?
Many myths and misconceptions are associated with ear problems and hearing loss. 360 million persons across the world have disabling hearing loss. About half of all these cases are easily prevented or treated. Following... good ear care practices, such as reducing exposure to noise, avoiding insertion of objects into the ears can prevent many from developing ear and hearing problems.
This brief animation features a young girl talking about her experience of ear pain. It depicts common home remedies and behaviour that can damage the ears, leading to hearing loss.
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In the following you can find 51 Planning tools for Mental Health and Psychosocial support in disasters, that have been derived from an anylsis of 282 Psychosocial Mental Health guidelines and 678 Tools. The single planning tools are structured according to the most relevant topics and can be used i...ndividually.
The purpose of the Action Sheets
Each Action Sheet is a planning tool in itself that can be used individually
Each Action Sheet is an entrypoint into the main recommendations for this specific topic and gives information on further readings, tools and practice examples.
Each Action Sheet gives advice on how to plan and enhance quality in the selected area and topic.
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Le Sénégal et la FAO travaillent ensemble pour le développement durable depuis de nombreuses décennies. L’atteinte des objectifs de développement durable (ODD)représente undéfimajeur pour l’ensemble des pays, exigeant un renouveau dans les combinaisons entre les politiques, les programmes..., les partenariatset les investissements. La sécurité alimentaire et l’agriculture étantreconnues comme des priorités du Programme de développement durableà l'horizon 2030(ouProgramme2030), la FAO metson expérience et son expertiseau service de lamiseenœuvreetdusuivides ODD au Sénégal. Nous sommes prêts à agir, pour devenir ensemble la génération faim zéro.
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The study sought to understand the factors that facilitate women to adhere to treatment and return to health facilities for routine care from their own perspective. The researchers focused on Malawi, Uganda and Zambia, early adopters of the global guidance to provide lifelong treatment for pregnant ...women living with HIV (Option B+) and spoke to women living with HIV, healthcare workers and programme managers to discover which factors and practices show promise in supporting women to initiate and remain in care.
This study found that women living with HIV who access these services to prevent vertical transmission have a strong sense and understanding of what factors support their retention and how health facilities, the wider community and their friends and relations can best support them. This report shares their words to describe how it feels to walk in their shoes on the path of life long treatment.
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The early prevention project “Strong together!” supports refugee parents and their young children (0–4 years) in Berlin, Germany. It aims to mitigate the transmission of trauma to the generation born in exile. For refugee families who have only recently arrived in Germany, the COVID‐19 pande...mic poses a particularly great challenge. Not only are they confronted with numerous challenges in respect to rebuilding their lives in Germany after fleeing war and persecution, but are also vulnerable to conscious and unconscious anxieties, fantasies, and conflicts evoked by the pandemic and the threat it poses to their lives. This was observed in the context of the mother–child groups of “Strong together!”
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Our awareness necessity of cystic fibrosis (CF) significantly predates our ability to comprehend the molecular factors that underpin its cause and affect prognosis. The dire warning “Woe to that child which when kissed on the forehead tastes salty. He is bewitched and soon must die” has been cir...culating since the 1800s. CF patients taste salty when kissed because an elevated level of sweat chloride is a hallmark of the disease. If untreated, they rarely make it past their first birthday. Typical presentation also includes failure to thrive caused by pancreatic insufficiency and chronic recurrent chest infections.
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Ce document est consolidé par OCHA pour le compte de l’Équipe humanitaire pays et des partenaires humanitaires. Il présente une compréhension commune de la crise, notamment les besoins humanitaires les plus pressants et le nombre estimé de personnes ayant besoin d’assistance. Il constitue u...ne base factuelle aidant à informer la planification stratégique conjointe de la réponse.
Les désignations employées et la présentation des éléments dans le présent rapport ne signifient pas l’expression de quelque opinion que ce soit de la part du Secrétariat des Nations unies concernant le statut juridique d’un pays, d’un territoire, d’une ville ou d’une zone ou de leurs autorités ou concernant la délimitation de ses frontières ou de ses limites.
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For IST to be effective there is need for utilization of multiple techniques that will lead to transfer of competences (Bluestone et al. 2013). Learning settings should be selected to support relevant and realistic practice so as to increase the efficiency of IST. Alternatives to hotels such as trai...ning institutions and hospitals are viable options for reducing costs of IST as well as being appropriate venues (MOH 2012). There is documented evidence of involvement of academic institutions in providing health leadership capacity building through IST in other countries; for example, in Uganda, IST in leadership for doctors and nurses was done through a blended approach that included didactic and online sessions (Nakanjako et al. 2015). Adapting these concepts, FUNZOKenya piloted eight regional hubs, each serving a cluster of counties, which would train health workers for five years (2012-2016) on priority service delivery topics
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El brote de la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) podría ser estresante para las personas. El temor y la ansiedad acerca de una enfermedad pueden ser abrumadores y causar emociones fuertes en los adultos y los niños. Sobrellevar el estrés hará que usted, las personas que usted quiere y s...u comunidad sean más fuertes. Cada persona reacciona de manera diferente a las situaciones estresantes. La manera en que responda al brote puede depender de sus antecedentes, las cosas que lo distingan a usted de las demás personas y de la comunidad en la que viva.
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Primary Post-partum Haemorrhage (PPH) is one of the major causes of maternal death in the developing world.
This animation is aimed at women and TBAs. It teaches how to prevent and manage PPH in settings where it would take the woman more than 4 hours to reach skilled obstetric care. It demonstra...tes the use of Misoprostol as well as internal bimanual compression.
This film is aimed at training Traditional Birth Attendants and community health workers in the management of PPH when delivery is not in a health centre and the nearest referral centre and access to skilled care is more than 3 hours away. this films should be used with caution and always taught by a health worker due to invasive procedures within the film.
This animation has no voice-over.
http://medicalaidfilms.org/our-films/somali-films/?v=28630558
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Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infections are major public health problems. We aimed to study the 6-mo impact of mass drug administration with praziquantel and albendazole on urinary schistosomiasis and STH.We examined children (aged 2–15 y) from one hamlet, who provided urin...e and faeces samples at baseline (n=197), 1 mo (n=102) and 6 mo (n=92); 67 completed the protocol.At baseline, 47/67 (70.1%) children presented Schistosoma haematobium (75.8% in the baseline total sample) and 12/67 (17.9%) with STH (30.5% in the initial sample, p=0.010). Among the children, 47.3% had heavy Schistosoma haematobium infection. The most frequent STH was Trichuris trichiura in 9.0%. We also found Hymenolepis nana (13.2%) and Plasmodium falciparum (9.1%) infections and anaemia (82.1%). One mo after chemotherapy there was a significant (p=0.013) reduction of Schistosoma haematobium prevalence (23.5%) and a high egg reduction rate (86.9%). Considering the sample of 67 children, the mean egg concentration was 498 at baseline, 65 at 1 mo and 252 at 6 mo (p<0.05). We also observed a reduction in STH infections, 50% in Ascaris lumbricoides, 33.3% in T. trichiura and 50% in hookworms. At 6 mo, the prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium (76.1%) was similar to the baseline and the STH reduction was not significant.Longitudinal studies have reported many losses in these settings, but we were able to show that mass drug administration for control of schistosomiasis and STH present low effectiveness, that reinfections occur rapidly and that stand alone anthelmintic therapy is not a sustainable choice.
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Joint data assessment by the Central Statistical Organization and UNDP
The report shows that the National Statistical System of Myanmar has some work ahead of it in terms of preparing for the monitoring of the SDG indicators. Only 44 of the SDG indicators are currently produced and readily avai...lable at the national level. However, the good news is that many (97) of the missing indicators can be computed from existing data sources – often with little effort - and don’t require any additional data collection. The report concludes that Myanmar is in a decent position to start monitoring the SDGs, and should start as soon as possible in putting its existing data to full use for the SDGs
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To assess the quality of Indian clinical practice guidelines (CPG)s for the management of cardiovascular conditions, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar and websites of relevant medical associations and government organisations were searched, from inception until August 2020, to identify Indian CPGs for... the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) conditions, produced in or between 2010 and 2019. Excluded were CPGs that were not specific to India, focused on alternative systems of medicine, of non-CVD conditions (even if they included a component of CVD), and those related to the electronic devices, cardiac biomarkers, or diagnostic procedures. Quality of the each included CPG was assessed using the AGREE II tool by four reviewers in duplicate, independently. Each AGREE II domain score and overall quality score was considered low (≤40%), moderate (40.1%-59.9%), and high (≥60%). Of the 23 CPGs included, six (26%) were reported to be adapted from other CPGs. Fourteen (61%) CPGs were produced by medical associations, six (26%) by individual authors and three (13%) by government agencies. Based on the AGREE II overall quality score, two (9%) CPGs were of high quality, four (17%) and seventeen (74%) CPGs were of moderate and low quality, respectively. Except for scope and purpose, and clarity of presentation all other domains were rated low. The quality of most Indian CPGs for managing CVD conditions assessed using the AGREE II tool was moderate-to-low. Combined efforts from different stakeholders are needed to develop, disseminate and implement high-quality CPGs while identifying and addressing barriers to their uptake to optimize patient care and improve outcomes.
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