Historically,  the  discovery  of  the  sulfa  drugs  in  the 1930s   and   the   subsequent   development   of   penicillin during   World   War   II   ushered   in   a   new   era   in   the treatment  of  infectious  diseases.  Infections  that  were common causes of death and disease in the pre-...antibiotic era  -  rheumatic  fever,  syphilis,  cellulitis  and  bacterial pneumonia - became treatable, and over the next 20 years most  of  the  classes  of  antibiotics  that  find  clinical  use today   were   discovered   and   changed   medicine   in   a profound   way.   The   availability   of   antibiotics   enabled revolutionary   medical   interventions   such   as   cancer chemotherapy, organ transplants and essentially all major invasive  surgeries  from  joint  replacements  to  coronary bypass.  Antibiotics,  though,  are  unique  among  drugs  in that  their  use  precipitates  their  obsolescence.  Paradoxically,  these  cures  select  for  organisms  that  can  evade them,  fueling  an  arms  race  between  microbes,  clinicians and drug discoverers.
Wright BMC Biology 2010, 8:123 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/12
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                                                                Update, 23 de junio de 2022
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Pathak et al. (2016), PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.1738; 1-14
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Данное руководство содержит детальное описание стратегии диагностики и ведения пациентов с лекарственно-устойчивыми формами ТБ, прежде всего с туберкулезом с мн...жественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ-ТБ). Оно составлено с учетом важных изменений, отмеченных за последние годы, и предназначено для практикующих медицинских работников и программ борьбы с ТБ в странах с умеренными и ограниченными ресурсами.
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                                                                Background document to the 2018 joint statement by WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, ICM, ICN, FIGO and IPA: definition of skilled health personnel providing care during childbirth
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                These guidelines provide updated evidence-based recommendations on the priority HCV-related topics from the 2018 WHO Guidelines for the care and treatment of persons diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C infection and the 2017 WHO Guidelines on hepatitis B and C testing. These priority areas are:
  ...  direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment of adolescents and children ages ≥3 years of age
    simplified HCV service delivery (decentralization, integration and task sharing)
    HCV diagnostics – use of point-of-care (POC) HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) assays and reflex HCV RNA testing. 
These guidelines also update existing chapters without new recommendations, such as the inclusion of new manufacturers’ protocols on the use of dried blood spot (DBS) for HCV RNA testing and new data to inform the limit of detection for HCV RNA assays as a test of cure, in addition to their use for diagnosis.
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                                                                The ethical values and behaviors are not only abstract terms, but they are refined and conceptualized byreal-life experiences. The societal context where the actions of humans can be analyzed by ethicaldecision-making is entirely relevant to deliberate on what is the right thing to do and what the m...oralagent should do, since the ethical values and principles response to the actual practices of life and to theneeds of humans in the society. This elaboration takes us to the realm of social ethics.This article reviews the definition and contextual meaning of social ethics at a broader level by givingspecial emphasis to the ethical theories and principles, focusing on the societal and public setting. Ethicswill be deliberated with social and community aspects. Based on the principle of justice and public healthethics, the concept of social ethics has been investigated concisely through the relationship between man,as a moral person, and the society in exemplification of the issues of healthcare ethics. It is argued that thetension between individualism and communitarian needs can be reconciled with the perspective of socialethics by respecting the individual autonomy without disregarding the common good and social justice.By promoting the values of social responsibility, solidarity, and social utility, social ethics has beenproposed as the basis of a rational, moral, egalitarian, pluralistic, democratic society rising on the pillars ofhuman rights and human dignity.
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                                                                These Guidelines are intended to provide knowledge to the treating ophthalmologists, pediatricians, ocular oncologists, pediatric oncologists, and general physicians to arrive at an early diagnosis of retinoblastoma in the settings of district hospital, in private clinics and hospitals. The guidelin...es will enable the contact health personnel to refer at the right
time to the tertiary care hospital for management of retinoblastoma.
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                                                                Lancet Respir Med 2020Published OnlineMarch 20, 2020https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30121-1
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Conflict and Health 2015, 9:8  doi:10.1186/s13031-015-0035-8
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                J Fungi (Basel) . 2019 Aug 16;5(3):75. doi: 10.3390/jof5030075 . Namibia is a sub-Saharan country with one of the highest HIV infection rates in the world. Although care and support services are available that cater for opportunistic infections related to HIV, the main focus is narrow and predominan...tly aimed at tuberculosis. We aimed to estimate the burden of serious fungal infections in Namibia, currently unknown, based on the size of the population at risk and available epidemiological data. Data were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and published reports.
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                                                                For this report, the Task Force commissioned
additional background papers on health taxes to
update the evidence, assess short-term revenue
potential, and understand the role of health taxes
in the current era of multiple crises. We find that
health taxes continue to be underutilized despite th...e
powerful impact they have in reducing preventable
death and disease — a particularly glaring act of
neglect in a world that has experienced a massive
pandemic.
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                                                                Ansaätze zur interkulturellen Öffnung. Die von der Bundesbeauftragten für Migration, Flüchtlinge und Integration herausgegebene Publikation „Das kultursensible Krankenhaus“ liegt nun in einer vollständig aktualisierten und überarbeiteten Fassung vor und kann kostenfrei heruntergeladen und ...bestellt werden. Die Publikation stellt Konzepte und Praxisbeispiele vor, die dazu beitragen können, den Ar-beitsalltag im Krankenhaus besser auf Patient*innen sowie Beschäftigte mit Einwande-rungsgeschichte einzustellen
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