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1
Many features of the environment have been found to exert an important influence on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, progression, and severity. Changes in the environment due to migration to diffe
...
rent geographic locations, modifications in lifestyle choices, and shifts in social policies and cultural practices alter CVD risk, even in the absence of genetic changes. Nevertheless, the cumulative impact of the environment on CVD risk has been difficult to assess
and the mechanisms by which some environment factors influence CVD remain obscure. Human environments are complex; and their natural, social and personal domains are highly variable due to diversity in human ecosystems, evolutionary histories, social structures, and individual choices. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that ecological features such as the diurnal cycles of
light and day, sunlight exposure, seasons, and geographic characteristics of the natural environment such altitude, latitude and greenspaces are important determinants of cardiovascular health and CVD risk. In highly developed societies, the influence of the natural environment is moderated by the physical characteristics of the social environments such as the built environment
and pollution, as well as by socioeconomic status and social networks. These attributes of the
social environment shape lifestyle choices that significantly modify CVD risk. An understanding
of how different domains of the environment, individually and collectively, affect CVD risk could
lead to a better appraisal of CVD, and aid in the development of new preventive and therapeutic
strategies to limit the increasingly high global burden of heart disease and stroke.
more
he United Nations Development Programme’s (UNDP) Gender Equality Strategy 2022-2025 has
been created during turbulent times. Multiple crises and risks are threatening the world and
we are witnes
...
sing an alarming backlash against women’s rights and gender equality. Since the
COVID-19 pandemic hit, women have been nearly twice as likely to lose their jobs compared to
men. Yet less than 20 percent of policy measures implemented by countries across the world have
addressed women’s economic insecurity. Gender inequality also takes a toll on men and other
affected groups. For men, rigid gender norms can fuel risky behaviours resulting in violence, poor
health, and lower life expectancy.
more
This document briefly describes the macroeconomic performance before the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19), which is mainly characterized by severe economic depression, economic and financial sanctions by the Trump administration,
...
and tight fiscal space that constrains to undertake additional measures. It estimates three economic scenarios based on different oil price assumptions for 2020. The negative effects of the quarantine on the economy are estimated using the two biggest shocks faced by Venezuela in its recent history. It emphasizes the relevance of foreign currency and external financing to mitigate the pandemic’s impact. Finally, this paper discusses the economic measures taken by the government.
more
Background: The impacts of air pollutants on health range from short-term health impairments to hospital admissions
...
and deaths. Climate change is leading to an increase in air pollution.
more
In the last three decades, health financialization has surged in
several creative ways, yet this growing phenomenon remains surprisingly
unknown, and neglected, in the global
...
health arena. Financialization in the
health domain could be described as the uncontrolled expansion of finance along various lines of healthcare provision. Health has been intentionally transformed into a commodity as private for-profit actors have been allowed freedom to operate - and ultimately play with people’s fundamental right to health - for their vested financial interests, nationally and internationally. Health financialization is thrivingly pursued today for example through the institutionalization of medical knowledge monopolies, the expansion of markets and of financial techniques applied to healthcare insurance schemes, the soaring digitalization of global health interventions and the booming data industry.
more
The guideline elaborates on the prevention and control strategy developed by the South-East Asia Regional Office of WHO, which consists of six key components.
Policy Guidance Brief 1
• Climate change has already challenged the agriculture sector in Myanmar by afecting rice yields and livestock production, while disasters such as foods ... and cyclones have caused massive destruction in rural areas.
• Without adaptation, the long-term consequences of climate change will likely include reduced productivity and huge economic losses, food insecurity, poverty and migration.
• According to the Climate Change Action Plan for the Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock sector, by 2030 Myanmar should achieve climate-resilient productivity and promote climate-smart responses to support food security and livelihood strategies while also introducing resource-efficient and lowcarbon practices. more
• Climate change has already challenged the agriculture sector in Myanmar by afecting rice yields and livestock production, while disasters such as foods ... and cyclones have caused massive destruction in rural areas.
• Without adaptation, the long-term consequences of climate change will likely include reduced productivity and huge economic losses, food insecurity, poverty and migration.
• According to the Climate Change Action Plan for the Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock sector, by 2030 Myanmar should achieve climate-resilient productivity and promote climate-smart responses to support food security and livelihood strategies while also introducing resource-efficient and lowcarbon practices. more
The WHO SAGE values framework for the allocation and prioritization of COVID-19 vaccination is intended to offer guidance on the prioritization of
...
groups for vaccination when vaccine supply is limited. It provides a values foundation for the objectives of COVID-19 vaccination programmes and links those to target groups for vaccination. This information is valuable to countries and globally while specific policies will be developed once vaccines become available.
This document it available in Arabic, Chinese English, French, Portuguese and Russian
more
This publication is a companion document to the NDVP National Deployment and Vaccination Plans guidance, which provides a framework for countries to develop their national strategies. As countries
...
face challenges with erratic vaccine supplies, use of multiple vaccine products with different characteristics, and the size of populations and their diversity, this document provides operational guidance and information to support planners and immunization programme managers at the national and sub-national levels on microplanning for COVID-19 vaccination implementation.
This Guide is available in English, French, Arabic, chinese, Portuguese, Spanish, Russian
more
The Road Map outlines various strategies which will guide policy makers, development partners, training institutions and service providers in supporting Government efforts towards the attainment of
...
MDGs related to maternal and neonatal health.
more
Ensure effective and coordinated public health emergency preparedness and response using a One
...
Health approach
more
Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Humanitarian Emergencies: What Should Humanitarian Health Actors Know?
recommended
IASC Reference Group for Mental Health and Psychosocial Support
Inter-Agency Standing Committee
(2010)
C1
This document is for humanitarian health actors working at national and sub-national level in countries facing humanitarian emergencies. It applies
...
to Health Cluster partners, including governmental and non-governmental health service providers.
Based on the IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings (IASC, 2007), it gives an overview of essential knowledge that humanitarian health actors should have about mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in humanitarian emergencies.
This document by the IASC Reference Group for Mental Health and Psychosocial Support was developed in consultation with the IASC Global Health Cluster.
more
The report offers 20 top recommendations for getting ahead of future outbreaks in Yemen and similarly complex humanitarian settings.
In 2015, Yemen was declared a Level 3 emergency by the UN, kicki
...
ng into gear the highest level of humanitarian support. A massive cholera outbreak followed, leading to 1 million suspected cases in 2 waves from September 2016-July 2018.
“We largely know ‘what to do’ to control cholera, but context-specific practices on ‘how to do it’ in order to surmount challenges to coordination, logistics, insecurity, access and politics remain needed,” the report states.
While the response improved between the 2 waves, there were gaps. For one, Yemen’s history of cholera should have triggered a heavy focus on pre-planning for an epidemic, such as stockpiling supplies and doubling down on community-based surveillance, the report fou
more
Pneumonia and diarrhoea account for 23% of under-five mortality and were responsible for an esti
...
mated 1.17 million deaths in children under five globally. Furthermore, pneumonia and diarrhoea were responsible for 18% of mortality in children 5–9 years of age, resulting in an estimated 86 000 preventable deaths globally in 2021. Existing World Health Organization (WHO) guidance on the clinical management of pneumonia and diarrhoea has mainly focused on children less than 5 years of age.
more
What measures can we take to overcome the corona crisis, limit its consequences or use scarce resources efficiently? Every day we experience uncertainties and contradictions
...
on these questions among scientists, health experts, politicians and in society. We must all strive for a broad consensus to overcome the global COVID-19 pandemic. With our publications IM FOKUS we want to stimulate discussion and promote opinion-forming: We write based on our experience of HIV work. We are not interested in COVID-19 to be equated with HIV, but to discuss which experiences from HIV work could be helpful in dealing with COVID-19. We do not intend to replace scientific papers, nor can we present the current state of knowledge comprehensively and conclusively.
more
Outbreak surveillance in humanitarian emergencies involves rapid detection, data collection, and analysis to identify disease threats, while response focuses
...
on implementing timely control measures to prevent further spread.
more
Summary the modified Delphi process for common structure and process indicators for hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs
Pollack L. A., D. Plachouras, H. Gruhler et al.
Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR)
(2015)
C_CDC
The Transatlantic Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR) fosters cooperation between the European Union (EU) andthe United States (US) on the issue of antimicrobial resistance. The first TA
...
TFAR recommendation refers to appropriate use of antimicrobials in human medicine through hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) and, specifically, to the development of common structure and process indicators of ASP. These indicators should allow characterization of programs and comparisons among healthcare systems in EU and US.
more
