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Establishing a community-based disease surveillance system is key step to improving the early detection and assessment of outbreaks
This implementation plan sets out a series of programmatic objectives, activities and outcomes for malaria surveillance strengthening in Myanmar over the next two years. This period represents a key phase as the National Malaria Control Programme (N ... more
Molecular methods for antimicrobial resistance (AMR)diagnostics to enhance the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System
The Strategy provides a high-level unifying framework to leverage existing capacities, address barriers and strengthen the use of genomic surveillance in the detection, monitoring and response to public health threats. Genomic ... more
Antimicrobials are medicines, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, that are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) arises when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites no longer respond to these medicines, ren ... more
Guide to monitoring and evaluating
Cancer is an emerging public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa due to population growth, ageing and westernisation of lifestyles. In this piece, we use data from Mozambique over a 50-year period to illustrate cancer epidemiological trends in low-income and middle-income countries to hypothesise ... more
Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium species, mostly by toxin-producing Corynebacterium diphtheriae and rarely by toxin-producing strains of C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis. The most common type of diphtheria is classic respiratory diphtheria, whereby the exotoxin produced characteristicall ... more
The primary aim of this assessment is to evaluate current approaches to malaria surveillance in Myanmar and to provide a set of practical and feasible recommendations to further strengthen the surveillance ... more
Surveillance Report

A guide for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in leprosy: 2017 update

E. A. Cooreman WHO SEARODepartment of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (2017) C_WHO
In case of resistance to rifampicin, fluoroquinolones become the preferred category of second-line drugs. Unfortunately, quinolone-resistant strains of Mycobacterium leprae have also been reported in several countries, probably due to the extensive use of quinolones for treating several types of inf ... more
Technical Brief HIV patient monitoring and case surveillance WHO/HIV/2017.11
A Situational Assessment and Five-YearAction Plan for the Africa CDC Strengthening Regional Public Health Institutions and Capacity for Surveillance and Response Program
The overall goal of surveillance, case investigation and contact tracing in this context is to stop human-to-human transmission to control the outbreak. The key objectives of surveillance and case i ... more
Pillar 3 of the Global technical strategy for malaria 2016–2030 calls for the transformation of malaria surveillance into a core intervention in all malaria-endemic countries, as well as in countries which have eliminated malaria but remain suscep ... more
On 13 August 2024, the Africa Centres for Disease Control (Africa CDC) declared the multi-country mpox outbreak a public health emergency of continental security, with strong recommendations to improve surveillance and vaccine deployment in all AU M ... more
Independent Monitoring Board of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (Twelfth Report: October 2015)