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Global Vaccine Summit 2020 - Chair’s Summary

Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (Gavi) Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (Gavi) (2020) CC

The UK government hosted the Global Vaccine Summit on June 4, 2020 under the patronage of the Rt. Hon. Boris Johnson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The meeting was held by videoconference in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. 2. The Summit brought... more

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National spending on health by source for 184 countries between 2013 and 2040

Dieleman, J.; Templin, T.; Sadat, N. et al. (2016) CC

A general consensus exists that as a country develops economically, health spending per capita rises and the share of that spending that is prepaid through government or private mechanisms also rises. However, the speed and magnitude of these changes vary substantially across countries, even at simi...lar levels of development. In this study, we use past trends and relationships to estimate future health spending, disaggregated by the source of those funds, to identify the financing trajectories that are likely to occur if current policies and trajectories evolve as expected. Methods We extracted data from WHO's Health Spending Observatory and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's Financing Global Health 2015 report. We converted these data to a common purchasing power-adjusted and inflation-adjusted currency. We used a series of ensemble models and observed empirical norms to estimate future government out-of-pocket private prepaid health spending and development assistance for health. We aggregated each country's estimates to generate total health spending from 2013 to 2040 for 184 countries. We compared these estimates with each other and internationally recognised benchmarks. Findings Global spending on health is expected to increase from US$7·83 trillion in 2013 to $18·28 (uncertainty interval 14·42–22·24) trillion in 2040 (in 2010 purchasing power parity-adjusted dollars). We expect per-capita health spending to increase annually by 2·7% (1·9–3·4) in high-income countries, 3·4% (2·4–4·2) in upper-middle-income countries, 3·0% (2·3–3·6) in lower-middle-income countries, and 2·4% (1·6–3·1) in low-income countries. Given the gaps in current health spending, these rates provide no evidence of increasing parity in health spending. In 1995 and 2015, low-income countries spent $0·03 for every dollar spent in high-income countries, even after adjusting for purchasing power, and the same is projected for 2040. Most importantly, health spending in many low-income countries is expected to remain low. Estimates suggest that, by 2040, only one (3%) of 34 low-income countries and 36 (37%) of 98 middle-income countries will reach the Chatham House goal of 5% of gross domestic product consisting of government health spending. Interpretation Despite remarkable health gains, past health financing trends and relationships suggest that many low-income and lower-middle-income countries will not meet internationally set health spending targets and that spending gaps between low-income and high-income countries are unlikely to narrow unless substantive policy interventions occur. Although gains in health system efficiency can be used to make progress, current trends suggest that meaningful increases in health system resources will require concerted action. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. more

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Basic Nursing Care Manual - Mnazi Mmoja Clinic Ned Institute Ned Zanzibar Ned Foundation

NED Foundation nurses volunteers (2013) CC

This manual is about the basic nursing care - desinfection, cleaning, sterilization, nursing documentation, hygiene, surgical care and preparation and much more. This booklet has been prepared by the NED Volunteers Foundation.

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Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: The foundation for building resilience in climate‑vulnerable communities

Omasete J., Forster J., Geere J., et al. Water Aid (2022) CC

This report, which involved input from across WaterAid, in particular from the Programme Support Unit (PSU) of WaterAid UK, includes case studies from a variety of countries, including Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Ghana, India and Nepal, each demonstrating what must be done now to i... more

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WHO Guidelines on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for Herbal Medicine
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2007) C_WHO

The manufacturing process is one of the key steps where quality control is required to ensure quality of medicinal products, including herbal medicines. Good manufacturing practices (GMP) is one of the most important tools for this measure.

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WHO Special Initiative for Mental Health

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

WHOs Special Initiative for Mental Health has supported the availability of mental health services for more than 40 million more people. Learn about WHOs Special Initiative for Mental Health, which seeks to increase access to quality and affordable care for mental health conditions in 12 countries ... more

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WHO Guidelines for Malaria- 20 November 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The conditionality of this recommendation is largely driven by the current higher unit cost of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs compared to pyrethroid-only LLINs and therefore the uncertainty of their cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, as PBO is less wash-resistant than pyrethroids, its bioavailability declines ... more

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What is Asthma? Allergy Foundation South Africa

Allergy Foundation South Africa (2024) CC2

Asthma is a long term illness of the lungs that causes the tubes that carry air into and out of the lungs (airways) to become swollen (inflamed) and produce lots of thick mucus. In a person with asthma, the lung swelling (inflammation) makes the airways “twitchy”; this means they close easily... more

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WHO Informal Consultation on Fever Management in Peripheral Health Care Settings

World Health Organization (2013)

A global Review of evidence and practice

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WHO Technical specifications of Neonatal Resuscitation Devices

World Health Organization WHO (2016) CC

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WHO QualityRights Tool Kit Assessing and improving quality and human rights in mental health and social care facilities

World Health Organization WHO WHO (2012) C_WHO

The aim of the WHO QualityRights tool kit is to support countries in assessing and improving the quality and human rights of their mental health and social care facilities. The tool kit is based on an extensive international review by people with mental disabilities and their organizations. It ha... more

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WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience. Presentation
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) CC

This guideline aims to improve the quality of essential, routine postnatal care for women and newborns with the ultimate goal of improving maternal and newborn health and well-being. It recognizes a “positive postnatal experience” as a significant end point for all women giving birth and their n... more

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WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) CC

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WHO Treatment Guidelines for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, 2016 Update
recommended

Dennis Falzon, Elizabeth Harausz, Ernesto Jaramillo et al. World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) C_WHO

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Who wants to work in a rural health post? The role of intrinsic motivation, rural background and faith-based institutions in Ethiopia and Rwanda

Serneels, P., Montalvo, J.G., Pettersson, G., et al. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (2010) C_WHO

This paper examines the extent to which health workers differ in their willingness to work in rural areas and the reasons for these differences, based on the data collected in Rwanda analysed individually and in combination with data from Ethiopia.

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WHO Eritrea 2022 Annual Report

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

During the year 2022, COVID-19 continued to be a significant challenge in Eritrea as in many other countries across the world. As COVID-19 devastated communities around the world, WHO worked with the MoH to strengthen the National and Sub-National health systems in order to meet community needs and ... more

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WHO recommendation on calcium supplementation before pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Updated 17 April 2020 Improving care for women during pregnancy and around the time of childbirth to prevent and treat pre-eclampsia and eclampsia is a necessary step towards the achievement of the health targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Efforts to prevent and reduce morbidity a... more

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WHO policy guidance on integrated antimicrobial stewardship activities

World Health Organization WHO (2021) CC

Member States have requested WHO policy guidance on how to facilitate the implementation of national AMS activities in an integrated and programmatic approach. This policy guidance responds to that demand from Member States and is anchored in public health guiding principles in the human health sect... more

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WHO Country Cooperation Strategy Kenya: medium-term support strategy 2014 - 2019

World Health Organization (WHO), Kenya Country Office (2014) C_WHO

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WHO COVID-19 policy brief: building trust through risk communication and community engagement, 14 September 2022

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The guidance notes describe key actions that policy-makers at national and subnational levels can take in relation to: diagnostic testing for COVID-19, clinical management of COVID-19, meeting targets for vaccination against COVID-19, maintaining infection control measures for COVID-19 in health-car... more

WHO Guidelines on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for Herbal Medicine recommended

WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience. Presentation recommended

WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience recommended

WHO Treatment Guidelines for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, 2016 Update recommended

WHO recommendation on calcium supplementation before pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications recommended

WHO Guidelines on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for Herbal Medicine
recommended

WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience. Presentation
recommended

WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience
recommended

WHO Treatment Guidelines for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, 2016 Update
recommended

WHO recommendation on calcium supplementation before pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications
recommended