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African regional progress and status of the programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: 2000–2020

Deribe K., Bakajikaa D. K., Zourea H. MG. et al The royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene (2021) C2

To eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) by 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a campaign against the disease. Since the launch in 2000, significant progress has been made to achieve this ambitious goal. In this article we review the progress and status of the LF programme in Afric... more

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Inclusive Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction: Guidance on Good Practice in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta, Myanmar

ActionAid Myanmar (2015) C1

This publication presents guidance on good practice from the Ayeyarwaddy Delta in Myanmar, outlining the key factors which contributed to the successful implementation and outcome of a range of community-based Disaster Risk Reduction initiatives implemented by the Myanmar Consortium for Community Re... more

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Prevalence, Etiology, and Outcome of Sepsis among Critically Ill Patients in Malawi

Prin, M.; Onofrey, L.; Purcell, L; et al. (2020) CC2

Most of the global burden of sepsis occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but the prevalence and etiology of sepsis in LMICs are not well understood. In particular, the lack of laboratory infrastructure in many LMICs has historically precluded an assessment of the pathogens leading to ... more

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Historical analysis of the Ebola virus: prospective implications for primary care nursing today

Amundsen, Susan (2014)

Clincial Excellence for Nursing Care, Vol. 2 (1998) no.6 pp.-343-351. Open Access with the permission of the publisher and the author. Ebola continues to attract worldwide attention as a highly lethal virus of unknown origin that leaves victims bleeding to death and has no known vaccine or cure. Th... more

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African Union and the Africa CDC’s Africa Regulatory Taskforce has endorsed the Emergency Use Authorisation of Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine (Vero Cell [Inactivated]) – CoronaVac

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) CC

24 September 2021. The vaccine has been authorized by the Chinese National Regulatory Authority (NRA) – the National Medicinal Product Administration (NMPA) – as well as other regulatory authorities. Because WHO has granted Emergency Use Listing (EUL) for the Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine (Vero Cell ... more

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Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in Diabetes

Park, J.J. Diabetes & Metabolism Journal (2021) CC

The cardiovascular disease continuum begins with risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM), progresses to vasculopathy and myocardial dysfunction, and finally ends with cardiovascular death. Diabetes is associated with a 2- to 4-fold increased risk for heart failure (HF). Moreover, HF patients wit... more

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Preventable Exposures Associated With Human Cancers

Cogliano V.J., Baan R., Straif K. et al JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011) C2

Information on the causes of cancer at specific sites is important to cancer control planners, cancer researchers, cancer patients, and the general public. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph series, which has classified human carcinogens for more than 40 years, recently... more

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How to Use a Flexhaler Dry Powder Inhaler

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document provides step-by-step instructions for using a Flexhaler dry powder inhaler effectively. It emphasizes proper inhalation technique, including priming the device, loading a dose, and breathing correctly. It also advises users to rinse their mouth after use and highlights the importance o... more

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Best practices for haemoglobin measurement in population-level anaemia surveys: Technical brief (January 2024)

World Health Organization WHO; UN Children´s Fund UNICEF (2024) CC

Anaemia is a serious global public health problem that particularly affects young children, menstruating adolescent girls and women, and pregnant and postpartum women. It is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the haemoglobin concentration within them is lower than normal, affectin... more

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Ebola data and statistics

World Health Organization (2014) C_WHO

This data set represents the best estimates of WHO using methodologies for specific indicators that aim for comparability across countries and time; they are updated as more recent or revised data become available, or when there are changes to the methodology being used. Therefore, they are not alwa... more

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Public financial management for effective response to health emergencies

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has shown that public financial management (PFM) should be an integral part of the response. Effectiveness in financing the health response depends not only on the level of funding but also on the way public funds are allocated and spent, this is determined by the PFM r... more

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Psychological First Aid Online

NCTSN Learning Center SAMHSA, NCPTSD, NACCHO, and HHS Office of the Surgeon General, Office of the Civilian Volunteer Medical Reserve Corps. (2015) C1

PFA online includes a 6-hour interactive course that puts the participant in the role of a provider in a post-disaster scene. This professionally-narrated course is for individuals new to disaster response who want to learn the core goals of PFA, as well as for seasoned practitioners who want a revi... more

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Collabovid

Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany (2020) CC

A lot of research articles concerning SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 are published every day. Many of them, so-called pre-prints, are not reviewed in a professional reviewing process at the time of publication. Others are already reviewed and published in well-known journals. Collabovid helps researchers to id... more

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Evidence Collections Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Evidence Aid (2020) C1

The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic is leading to a rapidly expanding and evolving literature. Evidence Aid is preparing summaries of relevant research which are available below as soon as each is ready. In time we will have translations of the summaries in other languages. A ‘NEW’ flag will app... more

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Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Developing Countries: Balancing Optimal Glycaemic Control and Outcomes with Affordability and Accessibility to Treatment

Mohan, V.; Khunti, K.; Chan,S.P.; et al. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020) CC3

With the growing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, particularly in emerging countries, its management in the context of available resources should be considered. International guidelines, while comprehensive and scientifically valid, may not be appropriate for regions such as Asia, Latin America or Afr... more

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Specifications for Essential Medical Supplies

Ministry of Health, Kenya Ministry of health (2020) C1

August 2020. In December 2018, the President launched the UHC pilot covering four strategically selected counties-Isiolo, Kisumu, Machakos and Nyeri. It isplanned that by the year 2022, all persons in Kenya will be able to use the essential services they need for their health... more

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Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward

Minja, N.W.; Nakagaayi, D.; Aliku, T. et al. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022) CC

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epide...miological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseasesleading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality. more

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Progress in the elimination of lymphatic filariasis in the Western Pacific Region: successes and challenges

A. Yajima; Ichimori, K. International Health (2020) C1

The Western Pacific Region is the largest and most diverse region in the world, made up of 37 countries and territories in the Pacific, Oceania and parts of Asia, with a population of more than 1.9 billion people stretching over an area from China and Mongolia in the north to New Zealand in the sout... more

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Standards for Prosthetics and Orthotics. Part 1: Standards

World Health Organization (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

WHO, in partnership with the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), has published global standards for prosthetics and orthotics. Its aim is to ensure that prosthetics and orthotics services are people-centred an... more

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Malawi Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Needs Assessment, 2014

Ministry of Health (Malawi), USAID, UNFPA, UNICEF, Save the Children International, Clinton Health Foundation (2015) C2

In 2014, the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Malawi conducted a nationwide assessment of emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) services. This cross-sectional facility-based survey used 10 data collection modules. Data collection began on 23rd September 2014 and concluded on 17th October 2014, in ... more