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HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia

MEASURE DHS (2013) C2

Data from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey

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Responding to communicable and noncommunicable diseases: progress report 2020-2022

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

Significant progress has been made in the eradication of three priority diseases in the African Region, as a result of extensive collaboration between the Regional Office, WHO country offices and countries. For example, in August 2020, the region was certified free of wild poliovirus. In the area of... more

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Global monitoring report on financial protection in health 2021

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

The 2021 Global monitoring report on financial protection in health shows that before the COVID-19 pandemic, the world was off-track to reduce financial hardship due to health expenditures because trends in catastrophic health spending were going in the wrong direction and the number of people incur... more

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The impact of training on self-reported performance in reproductive, maternal, and newborn health service delivery among healthcare workers in Tanzania: a baseline- and endline-survey

Tumbwene, M.; Mbekenga, C.; Isangula, K.; et al. (2022) CC2

Reprod Health 19, 143 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01452-4. Delivery of quality reproductive health services has been documented to depend on the availability of healthcare workers who are adequately supported with appropriate training. However, unmet training needs among healthcare ... more

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Indonesia Health Profile 2013

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia (2014) C1

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IMPLEMENTATION OF CHW ORIENTATION AND BASIC FOUNDATION TRAINING PROGRAMME IN PROVINCES

National Department of Health, Republic of South Africa (2011) C2

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Annual Report 2023 Namibia

Health Professions Councils of Namibia (2024) CC2

The Councils share a common mandate of ensuring persons practising health related professions in Namibia are suitably qualified. Registration with the Councils is, thus, a pre-requisite for professional practice – and it is also a legal requirement too update personal details of all registered hea... more

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Senegal: Charting the path to malaria elimination

Programme national de lutte contre le paludisme (PNLP) - Sénégal, Speak up Africa, PATH, Zero Malarian starts with me (2018) C2

Senegal’s substantial and sustained progress against malaria is an inspiring public health success story, and a source of potential lessons for other countries on the path to elimination. This case study describes three major success factors—(1) outstanding leadership and partner engagement, (2)... more

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Impact of the West African Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Food security

European Commission Joint Research Centre (2014)

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Ebola Interim Assessment Panel. Report by the Secretariat

World Health Organization (2015)

The document contains preliminary report on all aspects of WHO’s response in the Ebola outbreak. WHO Member States will discuss the report at the sixty-eighth World Health Assembly.

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Modelling an Optimised Investment Approach for Tajikistan

The Republic of Tajikistan; UNDP (2014) C2

Getting to Zero Sustainable Financing of National HIV Responses

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Tracking 100 Core Indicators for Cameroon in 2017

Ministry of Public Health, Cameroon; World Health Organization WHO (2017) C1

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All In #EndAdolescentsAIDS

Children & AIDS (2015) C2

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Towards Mapping the Fiscal Space: Health Sector Financing Strategy in Mozambique

N’weti, Wemos (2024) CC

This paper was commissioned by N´weti and Wemos as part of the project “Equitable health financing for a strong health system in Mozambique”. Its purpose is to contribute to the debate of the Mozambican Ministry of Health’s draft Health Sector Financing Strategy (HSFS) 2025 – 2034

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WHO African Region Health Expenditure Atlas 2023

WHO African Region (2024) CC

Over the past decade, countries in the African region experienced slow progress in mobilizing resources for health while facing continued challenges. In their revised estimates published in 2017, Stenberg et al., developed two costs scenarios, termed progress and ambitious, aimed at strengthening co... more

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Neglected Disease Research and Development: The Higher Cost of Lower Funding

G-Finder (2023) CC

Each year since 2007, G-FINDER has provided policy-makers, donors, researchers and industry with a comprehensive analysis of global investment into research and development of new products to prevent, diagnose, control or cure neglected diseases in low- and middle-income countries, making it the go... more

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Tomorrow’s Global Development Landscape: Mapping Trends and Reform Dynamics

Janus H., Keijzer N., Koch S. German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS) (2024) CC

The key tools and governance approaches for international cooperation for sustainable development (hereafter, international cooperation) were set up in a markedly different time and age. International cooperation – with official development assistance (ODA) as the dominant means of implementa... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Evolution and effectiveness of bilateral and multilateral development assistance for health: a mixed-methods review of trends and strategic shifts (1990–2022)

Xie S., Du S., Huang Y., et al. BMJ Global Health (2025) CC

Development assistance for health (DAH) plays a vital role in supporting health programmes in lowand middle-income countries. While DAH has historically focused on infectious diseases and maternal and child health, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of DAH trends, strategic shifts and the... more

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Conditioned Domestic “Co-financing” Policies in Global Health

Sparkes S., Yungrattanachai M., Fan V., et al. Center for Global Development (2024) CC

Conditioned domestic financing policy, referring to the domestic financing of health projects, programs, and national responses conditioned by global health funding agencies and recipient country governments, is one mechanism to promote sustainability and country ownership. We aim to understand how ... more