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Travel health advice on Zika virus
recommended

World Health Organization (2016) C_WHO

For national authorities and health care practitioners

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A guidance document for medical teams responding to health emergencies in armed conflicts and other insecure environments

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Medical care for people caught up in armed conflict and other insecure environments saves lives and alleviates suffering. It is one of the most immediate and high priority needs of an affected population and is often the first type of response activated and/or requested by authorities and affected c... more

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WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services helps easy identification and access to a wide range of WHO published materials to improve the quality of health services. These tools support the actions described in the Quality health services: a planning guide, w... more

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Situation of Maternal and Newborn Health in Urban Slums of Pune: Key Findings

Save the Children (2016) C2

Objectives of the Study: To understand the community needs, behaviors and perception for MNH Iin urban poor settings. To explore various factors (both demand and supply side) affecting care seeking for MNH. To assess the preparedness of the urban health system for providing MNH services at variou... more

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Pharmacies and primary care: a global development framework

Udoh, A.; et al. (2020) CC

Bulletin of the World Health Organization; Type: Perspectives Article ID: BLT.19.24843

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2014 Bangladesh Health Facility Survey (BHFS) Policy Brief

NIPORT, ACPR, and ICF (2016) C2

Achieving Quality Health Care in Bangladesh: 2014 Bangladesh Health Facility Survey (BHFS)

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Making local health services accountable.

GIZ BMZ (2015) C1

Social auditing in Nepal’s health sector

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Research for universal health coverage: World health report 2013

World Health Organization (2013) C_WHO

Universal health coverage ensures everyone has access to the health services they need without suffering financial hardship as a result. In December 2012, a UN resolution was passed encouraging governments to move towards providing universal access to affordable and quality health care services. As ... more

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Mobilising informal health workers for the Ebola response: potential and programme considerations

Annie Wilkinson, Almudena Marí Sáez, Jonah Lipton, Fred Martineau and Clare Chandler IDS, US University of Sussex, University of Exeter, London School of Higiene and Tropical Medicine (2014)

Informal health workers are important care providers in the region and continue to be so during the current Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak. Many are well respected and trusted members of the community who can mobilise large numbers of people for a particular activity and lend legitimacy to a par... more

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Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Service Delivery at Health Facility and Community Sites in Dowa and Ntchisi Districts of Malawi: A Mixed Methods Process Evaluation

Cooper, C. M.; Wille, J.; Shire, S.; et al. (2020) CC2

The Government of Malawi’s Health Sector Strategic Plan II highlights the importance of service integration; however, in practice, this has not been fully realized. We conducted a mixed methods evaluation of efforts to systematically implement integrated family planning and immunization services i... more

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Assessing the efficiency of rural health centres in Burkina Faso: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis

Marschall P., S.Flessa Journal of Public Health (2010) CC

In this paper we aim to provide information on the importance of efficiency measurement of health care facilities in developing countries. We state that efficiency measurement can be a substantial contribution to saving lives. Therefore we analyse the performance of health centres in rural Burkina F... more

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Aligning health and decentralization reform in Ukraine

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe (2021) C_WHO

Ukrainian decentralization reform has increased and democratized local government responsibility for health care at the level of local government closest to communities and has increased regional and local government responsibility for public health. Decentralization affects health system reform in ... more

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Operationalizing management of sick young infants with possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) when referral is not feasible in the context of existing maternal, newborn, and child health programm
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO

It provides guidance on care for use in resource-limited settings or in settings where families with sick young infants do not accept or cannot access referral care, but can be managed in outpatient settings by an appropriately trained health worker. The guideline seeks to provide programmatic guida... more

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Urban Health Initiative a model process for catalysing change - Making health a priority in the design of air pollution-free cities

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The Urban Health Initiative (UHI) goes beyond improving access to health care and promoting healthy behaviours, and focuses on how to build cities that enable and encourage good health.

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Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health Program Overview and Pharmaceuticals Management Training for Pharmacy Professionals. Participant Manual

Ministry of Health, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (2018) CC

The Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) has been coordinating sector wide reforms that aim to improve equity and quality of maternal and child health services. As part of these efforts, the ministry is also exerting concerted efforts to improve availability and use of quality... more

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Fiscal Space for Health in Latin America and the Caribbean

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (2020) CC

In sum, the goal is to understand the need to increase fiscal space for health as a prerequisite, but within the framework of efforts to transform the health system. These changes should foster equitable and efficient expenditures and create or strengthen comprehensive integrated health systems with... more

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Bringing together physical and mental health

Chris Naylor; Preety Das; Shilpa Ross et al. The Kings Fund (2016) C1

A new frontier for integrated care. Until now, most efforts to promote integrated care have focused on bridging the gaps between health and social care or between primary and secondary care. But the NHS five year forward view has highlighted a third dimension – bringing together physical and ment... more

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CARE Rapid Gender Analysis. Latin America & Caribbean: Venezuelan Migrants & Refugees in Colombia

Anushka Kalyanpur CARE (2019) CC

This Rapid Gender Analysis provides preliminary information and observations on the different needs, capacities and coping strategies of Venezuelan migrant and refugee women, men, boys, and girls in Colombia. It seeks to understand how gender roles and relations have changed as a result of the crisi... more

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Ukraine: Mental Health in Transition

World Bank (2017) C1

Assessment and Guidance for Strengthening Integration of Mental Health into Primary Health Care and Community-Based Service Platforms in Ukraine

Travel health advice on Zika virus recommended

WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services recommended

Operationalizing management of sick young infants with possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) when referral is not feasible in the context of existing maternal, newborn, and child health programm recommended

Travel health advice on Zika virus
recommended

WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services
recommended

Operationalizing management of sick young infants with possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) when referral is not feasible in the context of existing maternal, newborn, and child health programm
recommended