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Current epidemiological evidence for predisposition to high or low intensity human helminth infection: a systematic review

Wright J.E., Werkman M., Dunn J.C. et al Parasites and Vectors (2018) C2

Background: The human helminth infections include ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm infections, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis. It is estimated that almost 2 billion people worldwide are infected with helminths. Whilst the WHO treatment guidelines for helminth infecti...ons are mostly aimed at controlling morbidity, there has been a recent shift with some countries moving towards goals of disease elimination through mass drug administration, especially for LF and onchocerciasis. However, as prevalence is driven lower, treating entire populations may no longer be the most efficient or cost-effective strategy. Instead, it may be beneficial to identify individuals or demographic groups who are persistently infected, often termed as being “predisposed” to infection, and target treatment at them. Methods: The authors searched Embase, MEDLINE, Global Health, and Web of Science for all English language, humanbased papers investigating predisposition to helminth infections published up to October 31st, 2017. The varying definitions used to describe predisposition, and the statistical tests used to determine its presence, are summarised. Evidence for predisposition is presented, stratified by helminth species, and risk factors for predisposition to infection are identified and discussed. Results: In total, 43 papers were identified, summarising results from 34 different studies in 23 countries. Consistent evidence of predisposition to infection with certain species of human helminth was identified. Children were regularly found to experience greater predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium than adults. Females were found to be more predisposed to A. lumbricoides infection than were males. Household clustering of infection was identified for A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and S. japonicum. Ascaris lumbricoides and T. trichiura also showed evidence of familial predisposition. Whilst strong evidence for predisposition to hookworm infection was identified, findings with regards to which groups were affected were considerably more varied than for other helminth species. Conclusion: This review has found consistent evidence of predisposition to heavy (and light) infection for certain human helminth species. However, further research is needed to identify reasons for the reported differences between demographic groups. Molecular epidemiological methods associated with whole genome sequencing to determine ‘who infects whom’ may shed more light on the factors generating predisposition. more

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WHO EMRO Weekly Epidemiological Monitor: Volume 10, Issue 47 (19 November 2017)

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

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State Epidemiological Fact Sheets – Volume 2, West & South Regions

Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) (2017) C1

West: Drada & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra
South: Andhra Pradesh & Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu
This technical document consists of epidemiological profiles (fact-sheets) for States and districts based on information available from multiple d... more

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Monitoramento e avaliação epidemiológica da intervenção com tratamentos coletivos: manual para programas nacionais de eliminação da fi lariose.

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO

Monitoramento efetivo, avaliação epidemiológica e análise subsequente são necessários para atingir o objetivo de interromper a transmissão da FL. Este manual foi elaborado para oferecer aos programas nacionais de eliminação da fi lariose informação de qualidade sobre metodologias e proc... more

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Lineamientos para la vigilancia epidemiológica, manejo, control y prevención de Covid-19

Unidad de vigilancia de la Salud, Gobierno de la répubica de Honduras (2020) C1

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Directiva sanitaria para la vigilancia epidemiológica de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) en el Perú

Ministerio de Salud, Peru (2021) CC

La presente establece los lineamientos y procedimientos para la vigilancia epidemiológica de COVID-19 en el país. Asimismo, los procedimientos, metodología e instrumentos para la vigilancia epidemiológica de COVID-19 en pacientes hospitalizados y las defunciones por COVID-19 en el país.

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Zika - Actualización Epidemiológica 25 de agosto de 2017

Pan American Health Organization PAHO; World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Americas (2017) C_WHO

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Guia de Vigilância Epidemiológica Covid-19: Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional pela Doença pelo Coronavírus 2019 - Atualizado em 20/01/2022

Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia (2022) CC

Covid-19 Epidemiological Surveillance Guide: Public Health Emergency of National Importance for Coronavirus Disease 2019 - version 4

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Protocolos de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Enfermedades Vectoriales de Origen Parasitario

Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social, Guatemala (2018) CC

De esta manera se presenta junto al equipo de trabajo estos ejemplares que abarcan las priorizaciones de la vigilancia epidemiológica y condensan el conocimiento y el esfuerzo de un grupo multidisciplinario de profesionales, del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social, para responder a ... more

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Análisis de la situación epidemiológica de la tuberculosis en el Perú, 2015

Ministerio de Salud de Peru (2016) CC

El documento contiene una breve reseña sobre la situación mundial de la tuberculosis; la tuberculosis como problema de salud pública en el país, que incluye el abordaje del análisis de los determinantes y las inequidades sociales y su impacto en el control de la tuberculosis, la evolución y ma... more

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La ventaja epidemiológica de la orientación preferencial del control de la tuberculosis hacia los pobres

J. R. Andrews, S. Basu, D. W. Dowdy, et al. Pan American Journal of Public Health (2015) C2

Opinión y análisis / Opinion and analysis Rev Panam Salud Publica 38(3), 2015; Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015;19(4):375–80

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Guía Técnica de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Prevención y Control de Fasciolosis e Hidatidosis

Ministerio de Salud Bolivia (2012) C2

Objetivos: • Brindar lineamientos conceptualessobre la Fasciolosis e Hidatidosis. • Conocer el ciclo de transmisión de la Fasciolosis e Hidatidosis. • Describir la epidemiología y vía de transmisión de la fasciolosis e hidatidosis. • Conocer y aplicar las medidas de prevención y... more

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Guía de vigilancia epidemiológica y de laboratorio de la Enfermedad por Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19)

Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud (DGVS) DGVS Paraguay (2020) C2

Obejtivo General: Establecer las directrices de vigilancia epidemiológica y laboratorio de COVID-19 dentro del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia, que permita detectar los casos en el país y evaluar los riesgos para generar información epidemiológica de calidad, que oriente a la toma de decisi... more

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Informe de la Situación Epidemiológica del VIH Paraguay 2015

Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay (2015) C1

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Clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes in TB-HIV co-infected patients in Brazil: a hierarchical polytomous analysis

T. N. do Pradoa; J.t V. Rajand; A. E. Miranda; et al. The Brazilian Journal of infectious diseases; Elsevier Editora Ltda. (2016) C2

braz j infect dis 2 0 1 7;2 1(2):162–170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2016.11.006 1413-8670/© 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).