The incidence of circulatory disorders is increasing worldwide, affecting both low- and middle-income countries and some high-income countries. There is evidence of rising incidence and prevalence rates, even among younger individuals, along with an increasing prevalence of risk factors such as high... blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. These indicators suggest that current approaches are not
effective in managing and reducing the burden of conditions affecting circulatory health.
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The recommendations cover the level of blood pressure to start medication, what type of medicine or combination of medicines to use, the target blood pressure level, and how often to have follow-up checks on blood pressure. In addition, the guideline provides the basis for how physicians and other h...ealth workers can contribute to improving hypertension detection and management.
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Key facts
- A healthy diet helps to protect against malnutrition in all its forms, as well as noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, heart disease, stroke and cancer.
- Unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are leading global risks to health.
- Healthy dietary practices start... early in life – breastfeeding fosters healthy growth and improves cognitive development, and may have longer term health benefits such as reducing the risk of becoming overweight or obese and developing NCDs later in life.
- Energy intake (calories) should be in balance with energy expenditure. To avoid unhealthy weight gain, total fat should not exceed 30% of total energy intake (1, 2, 3). Intake of saturated fats should be less than 10% of total energy intake, and intake of trans-fats less than 1% of total energy intake, with a shift in fat consumption away from saturated fats and trans-fats to unsaturated fats (3), and towards the goal of eliminating industrially-produced trans-fats (4, 5, 6).
- Limiting intake of free sugars to less than 10% of total energy intake (2, 7) is part of a healthy diet. A further reduction to less than 5% of total energy intake is suggested for additional health benefits (7).
- Keeping salt intake to less than 5 g per day (equivalent to sodium intake of less than 2 g per day) helps to prevent hypertension, and reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke in the adult population (8).
- WHO Member States have agreed to reduce the global population’s intake of salt by 30% by 2025; they have also agreed to halt the rise in diabetes and obesity in adults and adolescents as well as in childhood overweight by 2025 (9, 10).
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Key facts
- An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide have hypertension, most (two-thirds) living in low- and middle-income countries
- An estimated 46% of adults with hypertension are unaware that they have the condition.
- Less than half of adults (42%) with hypertension are... diagnosed and treated.
- Approximately 1 in 5 adults (21%) with hypertension have it under control.
- Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide.
- One of the global targets for noncommunicable diseases is to reduce the prevalence of hypertension by 33% between 2010 and 2030.
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Various infographics on different topics in different languages.
Almost all populations are consuming too much sodium. The global mean intake of adults is 4310 mg/day sodium (equivalent to 10.78 g/day salt). This is more than double the World Health Organization recommendation for adults of less than 2000 mg/day sodium (equivalent to < 5 g/day salt).
- The prima...ry health effect associated with diets high in sodium is raised blood pressure, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, gastric cancer, obesity, osteoporosis, Meniere’s disease, and kidney disease.
- An estimated 1.89 million deaths each year are associated with consuming too much sodium
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The document provides information on physical activity (benefits, types, intensities etc.) in a descriptive way.
Technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care.
HEARTS provides a set of locally adaptable tools for strengthening the
management of CVD in primary health care.
HEARTS is designed to enhance implementation of WHO PEN by providing:
• operational guidance on further integrating CVD management
• technical guidance on evaluating the impact of... CVD care on patient outcomes.
For countries not using WHO PEN, CVD management can still be integrated into
primary health care. The process of implementing HEARTS will vary, depending
on country context, and may require a significant reorienting and strengthening
of the health system. At some sites, existing CVD management services may be
reoriented toward a risk-based approach, while other sites may adopt a public
health approach, strengthening management of particular risk factors such as
hypertension. Whether or not introducing CVD management into primary care is a
new intervention, successful implementation will require engagement with national and local health planners, managers, service providers, and other stakeholders.
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Development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is influenced by risk factors such as:
tobacco use, an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, obesity (which can result from
a combination of unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and other factors), elevated
blood pressure (hypertension), abnormal blood l...ipids (dyslipidaemia) and elevated blood glucose (diabetes mellitus). Continuing exposure to these risk factors leads
to further progression of atherosclerosis, resulting in clinical manifestations of these diseases, including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke. Total CVD risk depends on the individual’s overall risk-factor profile.
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The key actions, activities, and approaches in this document are organized within each of the 5Cs (see Table 1 in the PDF) and those of the Strategic preparedness and response plan (SPRP) pillars as follows:
National action plan key activities, prioritized for the current context and the current ...understanding of the threat of SARS-CoV-2
A. Transition from emergency response to longer term COVID-19 disease management.
B. Integrate activities into routine systems.
C. Strengthen global health security.
Special considerations for fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable (including humanitarian) settings
WHO global and regional support to Member States to implement their national action plans
Key guidance documents for reference
This is a living document that will be updated to incorporate new technical guidance in response to the evolving epidemiological situation. National plans should be implemented in accordance with the principles of inclusiveness, respect for human rights, and equity.
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This campaign by Servier and the World Heart Federation builds on the success of the USE TO ACT NOW ON ANGINA campaign. In addition to raising awareness of the importance of acting now, this campaign explores some about the common, but less well-known signs of angina, and explains why it’s key to ...not only act now, but act early in angina.
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This guide presents a basis for understanding how diarrhoeal diseases are currently influenced by climate and weather, and may be further exacerbated by climate change. It is a technical guide on how to conduct a Vulnerability & Adaptation assessment for diarrhoeal diseases and climate change, and p...rovides guidance on how to:
identify populations and regions vulnerable to diarrhoeal diseases and the reasons for their vulnerability;
establish relevant baselines that can be analysed and monitored;
conduct analyses to project how diarrhoeal diseases may be impacted in the future due to climate change; and
identify appropriate responses to mitigate and monitor these risks over time.
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Men experience increased risk of morbidity and mortality across all ten major contributors to poor health and continue to lag behind women regarding HIV services and other health outcomes. Globally, men now account for the majority of new HIV infections. In 2022, only 72% of men living with HIV (age...d 15 years or older) had access to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) compared to 82% of women living with HIV in the same age range.
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The World Heart Federation (WHF) has been advocating globally for stronger
legislation and policy regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) for many years. Now, as focus shifts from global to national progress, we call on members and colleagues to advocate for greater action on CVD in your local setti...ngs. This ‘Road to 2018 Toolkit’ provides World Heart Federation members with information
and specific, practical tools to support national CVD advocacy, especially around the United Nations High-Level Meeting on NCDs in 2018.
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The document provides Information on alcohol use (risk factors, evaluation alcohol use etc.) in a descriptive way.
The document provides information on stroke (definition, risk factors, symptoms etc.) in a descriptive way.
The document provides inforation on tobacco use (health effects, quitting, benefits of quitting, e-cigarettes etc.) in a descriptive way.
This document updates the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of diabetes. It prioritizes clinical care and guides health professionals in choosing appropriate treatments at the time of diabetes diagnosis, and provides practical guidance to clinicians in assigning a type of diabetes ...to individuals at the time of diagnosis. It is a compromise between clinical and aetiological classification because there remain gaps in knowledge of the aetiology and pathophysiology of diabetes. While acknowledging the progress that is being made towards a more precise categorization of diabetes subtypes, the aim of this document is to recommend a classification that is feasible to implement in different settings throughout the world. The revised classification is presented in Table 1. Unlike the previous classification, this classification does not recognize subtypes of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes and includes new types of diabetes (“hybrid types of diabetes” and “unclassified diabetes”).
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Du 09 janvier au 08 avril 2024, le Congo a confirmé 19 cas de Mpox dans 04 départements, à savoir : 14 cas dans la Cuvette, 02 cas dans la Likouala, 02 cas dans les Plateaux et 01 cas à Pointe-Noire. Au regard de cette situation, le Gouvernement de la République, via le Ministère de la Santé ...et de la Population, a déclaré, en date du 23 avril 2024, l’épidémie de Mpox conduisant à l’activation du COUSP1 en date du 03 mai 2024 avec la mise en place du Système de Gestion d’Incident (SGI) assorti de toutes ses fonctions essentielles et élargies sous l’approche « Une Seule Santé ». A la 39ème semaine épidémiologique, 1 nouveau cas a été confirmé par le LNSP2 dans le département de Brazzaville, DS de Madibou, dans l’aire de santé de Mansimou, donnant un total de 22 cas confirmés.
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