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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Laissés à l'Abandon - Enfants déplacés en République Centrafricaine

International displacement monitoring centre (IDMC), Norwegian Refugee Council (2008) C1

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Strengthening rehabilitation in health emergency preparedness, readiness, response and resilience: policy brief

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Strengthening rehabilitation in health emergency preparedness, response, and resilience: policy brief outlines the evidence for rehabilitation in emergencies and the need for greater preparedness of rehabilitation services. It shows how existing guidelines support the integration of rehabilitation i... more

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Les unités mobiles de santé

International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) (2006) C2

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Développement normal de la petite enfance, de l'enfance et de l'adolescence

N. G. Guerra; A. A. Williamson; B. Lucass-Molina IACAPAP (2017) C2

Introduction Chapitre A.2 Edition en français Traduction : Lisa Vitte, Anne-Sophie Perrin Sous la direction de : Priscille Gérardin Avec le soutien de la SFPEADA

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Zambia: National HIV & AIDS Strategic Framework 2017-2021
recommended

National HIVAIDS (2017) C1

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Global surveillance, prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases - a comprehensive approach

Bousquet, J.; Khaltaev, N. (2007) C_WHO

Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kill more than four million people every year and affect hundreds of millions more. These diseases erode the health and well-being of the patients and have a negative impact on families and societies. Women ... more

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People Living with HIV Stigma Index - Asia Pacific Regional Analysis 2011

GNP (Global Network of people living HIV); UNAIDS; IPPF; ICW Global (2011) C2

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Kenya national guidelines for cardiovascular diseases management. Handbook

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2018) CC

These guidelines for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases are a critical ingredient for streamlining care across the entire health services provision continuum. They are a strategic component in achieving universal health coverage, securing affordable heal... more

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Target product profile for a rapid test for diagnosis of Buruli ulcer at the primary health-care level

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

In 2009, WHO’s Second International Conference on Buruli Ulcer Control and Research resolved to strengthen the capacity of national laboratories to confirm cases of the disease, but advised that “efforts are still needed to develop simple diagnostic tools usable in the field as well as disabilit... more

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Africa CDC Reproductive Health | Strategic Priorities 2022-2026

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2023) CC

In 2006, the Special Session of African Union Health Ministers adopted the Maputo Plan of Action for implementing the Continental Policy Framework on sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), which expired at the end of 2015. The goal was for all stakeholders and partners to join forces and ... more

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Health equity for persons with disabilities: guide for action
recommended

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

An estimated 1.3 billion people globally experience significant disability. This figure has grown over the last decade and will continue to rise due to demographic and epidemiological changes. In 2022, the World Health Organization launched the Global report on health equity for persons with disabil... more

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Standard Operating Procedures for Contact Tracing and Follow up during Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak

Ministry of Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone (2014)

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Gestion des risques de pandémie de grippe
recommended

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS (2017) C_WHO

Guide de l’OMS pour prisede décisions éclairéeset harmonisation,à l’échelle nationale et internationale, dela préparation et la réponseen cas de grippe pandémique

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Pandemic Influenza Risk Management
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C1

A WHO guide to inform & harmonize national & international pandemic preparedness and response The main updates from the 2013 interim guidance are: Alignment with other relevant United Nations policies for crisis and emergency management, and Inclusion of the significant development in re... more