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India: Training Manual on Intensified TB/HIV package for Medical Officers

National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (2009) C1

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National Guidelines for Antiretroviral Therapy
recommended

National AIDSSTD Program, Directorate General of Health Services; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of Bangladesh (2014) C1

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Nepal National Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines

National Centre for AIDS and STD Control (NCASC) Nepal (2009)

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Ebola Virus Disease: Travel and transport risk assessment: Recommendations for public health authorities and transport sector

World Health Organization (2014)

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Brief on HIV among MSM in Kazakhstan

Eurasian Coalition on Male Health; Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis & Malaria is mandatory (2018) C2

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Towards Mapping the Fiscal Space: Health Sector Financing Strategy in Mozambique

N’weti, Wemos (2024) CC

This paper was commissioned by N´weti and Wemos as part of the project “Equitable health financing for a strong health system in Mozambique”. Its purpose is to contribute to the debate of the Mozambican Ministry of Health’s draft Health Sector Financing Strategy (HSFS) 2025 – 2034

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Chinese Aid and Health at the Country and Local Level

Cruzatti, J., Dreher, A., and Matzat, J. AidData (2020) CC

We investigate whether and to what extent Chinese development finance affects infant mortality, combining 92 demographic and health surveys (DHS) for a maximum of 53 countries and almost 55,000 sub-national locations over the 2002-2014 period. We address causality by instrumenting aid with a set of ... more

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Declaration for accelerated malaria mortality reduction in Africa

RBM Partnership to End Malaria (2024) C2

The “Declaration for Accelerated Malaria Mortality Reduction in Africa” is a statement signed by African health ministers reaffirming their commitment to reducing malaria-related mortality. It pledges strengthened leadership, increased domestic financing for malaria control programs, and the imp... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Political economy analysis for health financing: A ‘how to’ guide

World Health Organization (WHO) (2024) CC

This Guide is part of WHO’s overall programme of work on Political Economy of Health Financing Reform: Analysis and Strategy to Support UHC. The impetus for this work came from demands for more concrete evidence, recognition and integration of political economy issues within health financing, and... more

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Tackling malaria in countries hardest hit by the disease: ministerial conference report, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 6 March 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The Malaria Ministerial Conference, co-hosted by WHO and the Government of Cameroon on 6 March 2024, brought together more than 400 stakeholders, including Ministers of Health and senior representatives from the African countries hardest hit by malaria, global health leaders, scientists, civil socie... more

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Country Office Annual Report 2022 Namibia-Update on the context and situation of children

UNICEF (2022) C_UNICEF

In 2022, Namibia had an estimated population of 2.6 million people, where 51 per cent per cent are females and 52.5 per cent of households in urban areas, with fast-growing urban informal settlements which lack access to basic services. Namibia has a young population; 42 per cent are children (0-17 ... more

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2022 Annual Report Working to Achieve Transformative Results

United Nations Population Fund UNFPA (2022) C1

Access to safe and voluntary family planning is an inalienable human right that cannot be denied. In 2022, UNFPA continued to work with Government and partners to make this a reality in Namibia by providing strategic support to the national family planning programme and ensuring universal access ... more

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Community deployment of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: a field guide

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

The document outlines essential steps and provides guidance to countries on the adoption and deployment of c-IPTp so that it is integrated into the existing health system. It draws upon best practices and lessons learned from pilot implementation experiences in eight African countries and targets st... more

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Social and Behaviour Change Communication Strategy for Prevention of Re-establishment of Malaria Transmission in Timor-Leste

Ministry of Health Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste; World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

The Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) Strategy for the Prevention of the Re-establishment of Malaria Transmission in Timor-Leste forms part of the National Strategic Plan (NSP) for 2021–2025. The strategy aims to support Timor-Leste's efforts to sustain malaria elimination by promot... more

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Communication Guide for Malaria Control Interventions 2015-2020

The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Tanzania (2015) CC

This Communication Guide for Malaria Control Interventions is aligned with Tanzania’s Malaria Strategic Plan (2015–2020) and provides comprehensive guidance on the implementation of Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of malaria. It is int... more

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Message Guide for the Fight Against Malaria in Malawi

Ministry of Health of Malawi (2023) CC

This document was developed by the Ministry of Health in Malawi in collaboration with national and international partners. It introduces a Social and Behaviour Change (SBC) malaria message guide that is aligned with the National Malaria Communication Strategy (NMCS) for the period 2023–2030. The g... more

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Social and Behavior Change Communication SBCC for Malaria in Pregnancy: Strategy Development Guidance

Health Communication Capacity Collaborative HC3; USAID (2017) CC

This Implementation Kit (I-Kit), developed by the Health Communication Capacity Collaborative (HC3), which is funded by USAID and based at the Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, offers structured guidance for improving social and behavioural change communication (SBCC) strategies relat... more

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The Strategic Framework for Malaria Social and Behaviour Change Communication 2018-2030

The RBM Partnership to End Malaria (2018) C1

Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) is essential for the effective control, prevention and elimination of malaria. The 2018–2030 Strategic Framework for Malaria SBCC guides countries and partners in strengthening capacities, refining strategies and sharing best practices, all of which... more

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Technical consultation to assess evidence on community-based delivery of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy for malaria

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

Report of a virtual meeting 21–23 June 2022

National Guidelines for Antiretroviral Therapy recommended

National Guidelines for Antiretroviral Therapy
recommended