the aid library

Screening for cardiovascular disease risk and subsequent management in low and middle income countries: challenges and opportunities

Bovet, P.; Chiolero, A.; Paccaud, F. et al. Public Health Reviews (2015) CC

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), mainly heart attack and stroke, is the leading cause of premature mortality in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Identifying ... and managing individuals at high risk of CVD is an important strategy to prevent and control CVD, in addition to multisectoral population-based interventions to reduce CVD risk factors in the entire population. Methods: We describe key public health considerations in identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD in LMICs. Results: A main objective of any strategy to identify individuals at high CVD risk is to maximize the number of CVD events averted while minimizing the numbers of individuals needing treatment. Scores estimating the total risk of CVD (e.g. ten-year risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD) are available for LMICs, and are based on the main CVD risk factors (history of CVD, age, sex, tobacco use, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and diabetes status). Opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors enables identification of persons with high CVD risk, but this strategy can be widely applied in low resource settings only if cost effective interventions are used (e.g. the WHO Package of Essential NCD interventions for primary health care in low resource settings package) and if treatment (generally for years) can be sustained, including continued availability ofaffordable medications and funding mechanisms that allow people to purchase medications without impoverishing them (e.g. universal access to health care). Thisalso emphasises the need to re-orient health systems in LMICs towards chronic diseases management. Conclusion: The large burden of CVD in LMICs and the fact that persons with high CVD can be identified and managed along cost-effective interventions mean that health systems need to be structured in a way that encourages patient registration, opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors, efficient procedures for the management of chronic conditions (e.g. task sharing) and provision of affordable treatment for those with high CVD risk. The focus needs to be in primary care because that is where most of the population can access health care and because CVD programmes can be run effectively at this level. more

Preventing Suicide: A Technical Package of Policy, Programs, and Practices

Stone, D.; K. Holland, B. Bartholow, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2017) C_CDC

This technical package represents a select group of strategies based on the best available evidence to help communities and states sharpen their focus on prevention activities with the greatest potential to prevent suicide

G2 Substance Use Disorders: Cannabis Use and Misuse

Alan J Budney & Catherine Stanger IACAPAP (2015) C1

Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders

Vikram Patel, Dan Chisholm, Tarun Dua et al. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank (2016) CC

Disease Control Priorities, 3rdEdition: Volume 4. Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are common, highly disabling, and associated with significant premature mortality. The impact of ... more

Framework for Operations and Implementation Research in Health and Disease Control Programs

World Health Organization; The Global Fund; UNAIDS; eta al. (2009)

National Guidelines on Monitoring and Evaluation of HIV Response in Nepal, 2012

Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control (2012) C1

Trends in prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment over 30 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborator The Lancet (2020) CC

Daily iron supplementation in infants and children

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

This guideline provides global, evidence-informed recommendations on daily iron supplementation in infants and children, as a public-health intervention for the prevention of anaemia and iron defici ... more

Blueprint for the provision of comprehensive care for trans persons and their communities in the Caribbean and other anglophone countries

World Health Organization WHO John Snow, Inc.; PAHO; World Health Organization; et al. (2019) C2

Accessed: 06.11.2019

Patient-Planetary Health Co-benefit Prescribing: Emerging Considerations for Health Policy and Health Professional Practice

N. Redverse (2021) C1

Why is mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV a continual threat to new-borns in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)

C. S. Yaha; E. Tambo Journal of Infection and Public Health; Elsevier; PubMed.gov (2019) C2

Journal of Infection and Public Health 12 (2019) 213–223

Nepal: Health Facility Survey 2015. Final Report
recommended

Ministry of Health and Population, Ministry of Health, Nepal New ERA; NHSSP; ICF (2017) C1

Ukraine HIV Program Efficiency Study: Can Ukraine improve value for money in HIV service delivery?

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank (2019) C2

Accessed: 04.10.2019 The data collection process was organized by UCDC Director, Natalia Nizova, and M&E Department Head, Igor Kuzin, and implemented by M&E specialists from oblast AIDS Centers: ... more

International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders
recommended

World Health Organization, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017) C2

Lessons from the gender-based violence initiative in Tanzania

Kelsey Simmons, Zuki Mihyo and Lyn Messner The Strengthening High Impact Interventions for an AIDS-free Generation (AIDSFree) Project (2016) CC

Practice Guidelines for Treating Gambling-Related Problems

Korn, D.A. and H.J. Shaffer (2004) CC

An Evidence-Based Treatment Guide for Clinicians

Ensuring Better Health Care for the Elderly. A Manual for Trainers of Community Health Worker

Dey, B. and .Krishnaswamy (2010) C1

Contextual Factors Influencing Modern Contraceptive Use in Nigeria

Ejembi, Clara Ladi, Tukur Dahiru, and Alhaji A. Aliyu ICF International (2015) C2

DHS Working Papers No. 120

Handbook for Integrated Vector Management in the Americas

Pan American Health Organization PAHO ; World Health Organization World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO

This document compiles the recommendations made by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) to help professionals in charge of vector control programs in Latin America ... more