London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)
1
Longo J. de Dieu
1
Lopez-Bernus, A. et al
1
López-Loyo, E.
1
López-Santi, R.
1
Lu C., Li Z.
1
Lukoye Atwoli, David Ayuku, Joseph Hogan, Julius Koech, Rachel Christine Vreeman, Samuel Ayaya, Paula Braitstein
1
M Mostafa Zaman
1
M. Archary
1
M. Dara, C. D. Acosta, M. V. S. Vinklers Melchers, et al.
1
M. F. Silveira
1
M. Ferrin
1
M. G. Whitfield, H. M. Soeters, R. M. Warren, et al.
1
M. Gallardo, et al.
1
M. Gjergji
1
M. Higgins-Biddle
1
M. J. van der Werfa
1
M. Kontio
1
M. Mireku,M. Kiruki, R. McCollum, et al.
1
M. Munyeme and S. Malama
1
M. Odhiambo Sewe, A.M Tompkins et al.
1
M. Prescott, C. Boeke, T. Gotora, et al.
1
M. Ranganathan et al.
1
M. Schomaker
1
M. Semrau
1
M. Smelyanskaya, J. Duncan
1
M. Vicari
1
M. Vitoriaa
1
M.-A. Davies
1
M.C. Mollo, et al.
1
M.J. Choi
1
M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen, M. Gascon
1
M.Johnson
1
Machado, J.D.
1
Machalaba
1
Maguire, B.
1
Mair, L.
1
Maite Ferrin
1
Makatjane, T. J., T. Hlabana, and E. M. Letete
1
Malaria Consortium
1
Malik, A. A.
1
Malteser International
1
MAMI, Irish Aid, Eleanor Crook Foundation
1
Management Sciences for Health (MSH)
1
Manolito L. Chua, Marissa M. Alejandria
1
Marchiol, A
1
Marina Smelyanskaya, John Duncan
1
Maritim, P., A. Silumbwe, J.M. Zulu, et al.
1
Marschall P., S.Flessa
1
Martin Kayitale Mbonye, Sarah M Burnett, Robert Colebunders, et al.
1
Martinez-Alvarez M. et al
1
Mary-Anne Hartley, Alyssa Young, Anh-Minh Tran et al.
1
Masumbuko ClaudeK, Underschultz J,Hawkes MT
1
Maternal & Childhealth Advocacy International (MCAI) , Advanced Life Support Group (ALSG)
1
Mazigo, H.
1
Mbengue M. A. S., A. K. Bei, A. Mboup
1
Mbengue M.A.S., Moussa S., Papa A. D. et. al.
1
Mburu, Gitau
1
McCaula, M.
1
McGloin, J.
1
Mediendienst Integration
1
Medina-Rincón, G.
1
Mediscript Ltd
1
Medizin Fokus Verlag
1
Megan Best, Carlo Leget, Andrew Goodhead and Piret Paal
1
Megan S. Towle, et al.
1
Melissa Leach
1
Mensah, G.A.
1
Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 4).
1
Mews, C.
1
Médecins du Monde
1
mhGAP
1
Michael T. Osterholma, Kristine A. Moorea, Nicholas S. Kelley et al.
1
Minh D Pham
1
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
1
Ministerio de Salud Publica, Santo Domingo
1
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay
1
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social
1
Ministerio de salud, Bolivia
1
Ministerio de sanidad - España
1
MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE DE MOÇAMBIQUE DIRECÇÃO NACIONAL DE SAÚDE DIRECÇÃO NACIONAL DE ASSISTÊNCIA MÉDICA
1
Ministério da saúde secretaria de Vigilância em saúde departamento de Vigilância das doenças transmissíveis, Brasil
1
Ministério da Saúde, Brazil
1
Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Zimbabwe
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare - Government of India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India
1
Ministry of Public Health, Quatar
1
Mission Rabies
1
Mitchell, S. et al.
1
Moazzam Ali
1
Modi, D., N. Dholakia, R. Gopalan, et al.
1
Monde, N.
1
Moniruzzaman, M.
1
Montelongo, A.
1
Moorhouse, M.
1
Mortimer, K.
1
MPact Global Action for Gay Men’s Health and Rights
1
Mphande, M.
1
Mpofu, M., Semo, B., Grignon, J., et al.
1
mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
MSF Access Campaign
1
MSH
1
MSMGF
1
Mukaratirwa, S. et al.
1
Mukhtar A Adeiza, Abdullah A Abba, Juliana U Okpapi
1
Multidisciplinary Collaborative Group for the Scientific Monitoring of COVID-19 (GCMSC)
1
Muntean Al., Popa M.
1
Mutale W.
1
Muula, S. A. et al.
1
Mya, Kyaw Swa, Aung Tin Kyaw, and Thandar Tun
1
N. B. Ahmed
1
N. B. Carbone
1
N. Forda
1
N. Kumar
1
N. O'Brien, K. Flott, et al.
1
N.I. Agudelo Higuita, S.A. Hamer, et al.
1
NASCOP
1
National Academy of Sciences of the USA
1
National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India
1
National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians Compendium of Animal Rabies Prevention and Control Committee
1
National Institute on Drug Abuse
1
Ncube, M.
1
NdOH South Africa
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
Nephal Ophtalmic Society
1
Neuron Review
1
Nichols, B. E.
1
Nieto-Sanchez C., Hatley DM, Gijalva MJ., et al.
1
Nikiema Nidjergou, Y.N.
1
Nikolaos Mastellos, Tammy Tran, Kanika Dharmayat et al.
1
Nkhalamba, L.
1
NPJ
1
Nunziata, K. R.
1
Nwe Ni Myint et al.
1
O. Bandmann
1
O. Neyrolles (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologoie Structurale)
1
Obiezue, RN.
1
OCHA
1
OECD
1
Ogden, S., Gallo, K., Davis, S., et al
1
Okoye, CI.
1
Olans R. N. , R. D. Olans, A. DeMaria Jr
1
Oliveira, R.G. de.
1
Olivia Tiberi
1
Omasete J., Forster J., Geere J., et al.
1
Onalu, C.
1
One Million Community Health Workers Campaign | mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
One Million Community Worker Campaign
1
OPAS
1
Open Heart
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), Groupe consultatif stratégique et technique sur les maladies tropicales négligées, Groupe de travail du contrôle et de l’évaluation
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
1
Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)
1
Ouédraogo M., Samadoulougou S., Rouamba T. et. al.
1
Oxfam
1
Ozioko ,KU.
1
P. Berry, K. Ebi and L. Varangu
1
P. Clayden
1
P. Drain, and T. Hall
1
P. E. Farmer et al.
1
P. Glaziou, C.Sismanidis, P. J. Dodd, et al.
1
P. J. Dodd
1
P. J. Frick
1
P. M. Kelly
1
P. Monfiston
1
P. Mulongeni
1
P. Pipero
1
P. Zheng
1
P. Zucs
1
PAHO (Pan American Health Organization
1
PAHO Pan American Health Organization, Enfant du Monde
Philippine Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
1
Pijnenburg, M.W.
1
Pitrez, P. M.
1
Pitt C.
1
Pitt1, C.
1
PLOS Neclected Tropical Diseases
1
PLOS journals
1
PNAS
1
Poe Poe Aung
1
Pohlig G, Bernhard SC, Blum J, Burri C, Mpanya A, et al.
1
Popa G.
1
Praveen, D. et al.
1
President’s Malaria Initiative, CDC, MCHIP, MCSP
1
Preussler, S.
1
Prince, M., and J. Jackson
1
Programme national de lutte contre le Paludisme - Sénégal
1
Pub Med
1
Putica, B.
1
R Wood, L-G. Bekker
1
R. C. Vreeman
1
R. G. Ponce de Leon
1
R. R. Althoff
1
R. Thapar
1
R. Walker
1
R.M.
1
Radcliffe
1
RAG. Khammissa, R. Ballyram, et al.
1
Rahul Shidhaye
1
Rajan, S.
1
Rajesh Upadhyay, Milind Y Nadkar, A Muruganathan
1
Ramukumba, M.M.
1
Rashan, S. et al.
1
ReAct
1
Rebecca Holmes
1
Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre
1
Reddel, H. K.
1
Rees, E.M.
1
Regional Office for Europe
1
Republic of Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Research
1
Results for Development (R4D)
1
Rev Panam Salud Publica
1
Right to Care (Training Health Seriously)
1
Roberson, L. et al.
1
Robert-Koch-Institut
1
Robert-Koch-Institut RKI
1
Roberts B.
1
Rocha, R. et al.
1
Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International
1
Rodriguez, A.
1
Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. and Franco O. H.
1
Rodríguez-Muñoz, M. F., Krupelnytska, L. et al.
1
Rojas-Rueda, D.
1
Rostal, M.K.
1
Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group)
1
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
1
Rylance, S.
1
S. Ali, A. Haileamlak, A. Wieser, et al.
1
S. Assegid
1
S. Buchan
1
S. Chauwa Phiri, M.Lippitt Prust, C. Phiri Chibawe, et al.
1
S. E. Kellerman
1
S. E. Krauss
1
S. Hatherill
1
S. Hermans
1
S. Le Coeur
1
S. Lee
1
S. Rahman Mashreky, et al.
1
S.Kinloch-de Loës, et al.
1
S.M Kariuki, S. M Kinyanjui, et al
1
Saarnak, C.
1
SADJ
1
SAGE Journals
1
Sandra F. Moreira-Silva1,3, Eliana Zandonade
1
Sangath
1
Sanmatino, M.
1
Sanson, A.
1
Santesso, N.
1
Santos-D'Amorim K, Fernandes de Oliveira Mirand MK
1
Saraf, P.
1
Schell, C.O.
1
Schieffelin, JS.
1
Schijmann, A.G.
1
Schramm, P,J.
1
Schubert L.
1
Science Direct
1
Science Publishing Group
1
Secretaría de Salud de México
1
Seiglie, J.A.
1
Sekamatte, M.
1
Sequera V.G., Tostmann A., et al.
1
Shaw, A.
1
Shears, Paul, T.J.D. O'Dempsey
1
Shoaib Fahad Hussai, Peter Boyle, Preeti Patel and Richard Sullivan
1
Shotton J.
1
Sightsavers, Department for International Development, The International Trachoma Initiative , et al.
1
Silva, S.
1
Silvia Dallatomasina, et al.
1
Singh-Phulgenda, S., Dahal, P., Ngu, R. et al.
1
Slama, S.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action: A Communication for Development Platform
1
SociologieS
1
Soka, M.J.
1
Sokolow SH, CL Wood, IJ Jones, et al.
1
Sosa-Liprandi A. et al
1
Southern African HIV Cinicans Society
1
Southern African HIV Clinicians Society
1
Souto Medeiros, D. et al.
1
Souza Salles, T.
1
Spudich, S.S.
1
Standleya C. J., Carlinb E. P., Sorrella E. M. et al.
1
Stefan Mauss, Thomas Berg, Jürgen Rockstroh et al.
1
STEPS Centre, Institute of Development Studies
1
T. D. Vloet
1
T. da Encarnação Sá-Guimarães, E. Seam Lima de Alvarenga et al.
1
T. Jans
1
T. K. Phillips
1
T. N. do Pradoa
1
T. Rahman
1
T. Younga and M. Clarke
1
Tafadzwa Mindu, Muhubiri Kabuyaya & Moses J. Chimbari
1
Takarinda, Kudakwashe C., Lydia K. Madyira, Mutsa Mhangara, Victor Makaza, Memory Maphosa, Simbarashe Rusakaniko, Peter H. Kilmarx, Tsitsi Mutasa-Apollo, Getrude Ncube, and Anthony D. Harries
1
Tambo, Ernest
1
TB Care
1
tein, D. J.et al.
1
Teklemariam M., Assefa A., Kassa M., et al.
1
Thacher, Emily
1
The Asia Foundation
1
The Brazilian Journal of infectious diseases
1
The Collaborative Initiative for Paediatric HIV Education and Research (CIPHER) Global Cohort Collaboration
1
The DHS Program
1
The Focus Group Consulting
1
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
1
The Global Fund
1
The Global Fund To fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
1
The Global Schistosomiasis Alliance GSA
1
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
1
The Journal of Global Health
1
The Lancet Global Health
1
The Lancet healthy Longevity
1
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas
1
The Lancet, Planetary Health
1
The Public Good Projects
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health, Department of Health, Child Health Division
1
The ROTA Council
1
TheLancet
1
Thomas, L.
1
Thriemer K, Katuala Y, Batoko B, Alworonga J-P, Devlieger H, et al.
1
Tilahun Tadesse, B., E. A. Ashley, S. Ongarello et al.
1
Turco, J.V. et al.
1
U. Williams
1
U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), CDC, USAID, et al.
1
UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
1
UN UN Environment Programme UNEP
1
UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS)
1
Uni Heidelberg
1
UNION
1
United Nations Office on Drug and Crime UNODC
1
Université de Montréal
1
University of Malawi
1
University of Sheffield
1
UNOPS, Stop TB Partnership
1
USAID (U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)
1
USAID, TBCARE I, TBCARE II
1
V. Cambiano
1
V. Fonner
1
V. J. Wirtz
1
V. Krishnasamy, L.Bulage et al.
1
V. Martsynovska
1
V. Msosa, A.L Samateh et al.
1
V. Patel
1
V. Simms
1
V.Lemmi
1
Vaartjes, I.C.H.
1
Vaduganathan, M.
1
Vaidyanathan, A.
1
Valerie Karr et al.
1
Van de Sande, W.
1
Van Katwyk, S. R.
1
Vassall A.
1
Vassall, A.
1
Veeri, B. et al.
1
Veidis, E.M.
1
Velasco-Tirado, V.
1
Vengesai A., Naicker T., Kasambala M., et al.
1
Verhoeven, J.I.
1
Veronese, Vanessa et al.
1
Wagner, U. et al.
1
Waldman, L.
1
Wamai, R.
1
Warrell, D.
1
Water Aid
1
Watkins, J:W.
1
Weerawat Manosuthi, Sumet Ongwandee, Sorakij Bhakeecheep et al.
1
Weis, J.
1
Welburn S. C., Beange I. et al
1
WHO and ANESVAD Foundation
1
WHO Regional Office for Africa
1
WHO Regional Office for Europe United Nations City
1
WHO, UNFPA, and UNICEF
1
Wieland B., Flintan F., et al.
1
Williams, D.
1
Williams, D. et al.
1
Williams, Phoebe CM.
1
Wirtz, Andrea L.
1
Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Familienfragen beim Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend
1
Women for Global Health WGH
1
World Bank Group
1
World Economic Forum et al.
1
World Federation for Mental Health (WFMH)
1
World Food Programme WFP
1
World Health Organitarion
1
World Health Organization WHO
1
World Health Organization ( WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Country Office for Myanmar
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Working Group on Monitoring and Evaluation
1
World Health Organization - Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean
1
World Health Organization Europe
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office Africa
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa
1
World Health Organization)
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office South-East Asia
1
World Organisation for Animal Health WOAH
1
Y. Santa-Ana-Tellez et al.
1
Y. Taneli
1
Yebyo, Henock G., Mussie A. Gebreselassie, and Alemayehu B. Kahsay
1
Yohaness Garoy E., Y. Berhane Gebreab, O. Okoth Achila et al.
1
Yotsu,R.R.
1
Z. Chirwa
1
Ziaggi, G.
1
Zipper, S.
1
Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (zhaw)
1
Васильева Ирина Анатольевна, Самойлова Анастасия Геннадьевна, Эргешов Атаджан Эргешович et al.
1
ВОЗ и Международная организация по проблемам болезни Альцгеймера
1
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Европа)
1
Департамент по ВИЧ/СПИД, Департамент «Остановить ТБ», Всемирная организация здравоохранения
1
Дженнифер Батлер
1
Джорджа Айалы
1
Камкин Евгений Геннадьевич, Костенко Наталья Алексеевна et. al.
1
Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации
1
федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза российской академии медицинских наук, Американский международный союз здравоохранения
1
Фонд Организации Объединенных Наций в области народонаселения
World Health Organization; UNFPA; UNAIDS; etc al.
(2015)
C_WHO
Technical Brief
Damon Barrett, Gonçalo Figueiredo Augusto, Martiani Oktavia, Jeanette Olsson, Mira Schneiders and Kate Welch provided background papers and literature reviews which informed this technical series.
The global tripartite self-assessment survey of country progress in addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a component of a broader approach for monitoring and evaluation of the global action plan on AMR. This report analyses the results of the second tripartite self-assessment survey
Accessed on 13.02.2020
Tirer pleinement profit du dividende démographique, mettre fin à l’épidémie de sida et assurer durablement la santé pour tous en Afrique.
Ce rapport plaide pour une nouvelle initiative majeure : recruter, former et déployer rapidement 2 millions d’agents de s...anté communautaires en Afrique. S’appuyant sur un vaste éventail de preuves et une solide expérience régionale, le rapport montre comment les agents de santé communautaires sauvent des vies et améliorent la qualité de vie. Il montre également comment les investissements dans les agents de santé communautaires exploitent efficacement le dividende démographique, réduisent l’inégalité entre les sexes et accélèrent la croissance économique et le développement. En effet, les avantages des agents de santé communautaires s’étendent sur l’ensemble du programme de développement durable.more
This interim guidance is for LTCF managers and corresponding infection prevention and control (IPC) focal persons in LTCF and updates the guidance published in March 2020. The objective of this document is to provide guidance on IPC in LTCFs in the context of COVID-19 to 1) prevent COVID-19-virus fr...om entering the facility and spreading within the facility, and 2) to support safe conditions for visiting through the rigorous application of IPC procedures for the residents’ well-being. WHO will update these recommendations as new information becomes available.
Availabel in English, French, Russian and Spanishmore
July 2014
This report was made possible through support provided by the One Million Community Health Workers Campaign, mPowering Frontline Health Workers, Intel, and USAID. This report was authored by Cindil Redick for mPowering Frontline Health Workers under the terms of Contract No. GHS-A-00-08...-00002-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID.more
Рекомендации, представленные в документе, в значительной степени
базируются на материалах по диагностике, профилактике и лечению COVID19, опубликованных специалист�...�ми ВОЗ, китайского, американского
и европейского центров по контролю за заболеваемостью, анализе
отечественных и зарубежных научных публикаций, нормативно-правовых
документах Минздрава России и Роспотребнадзора.
Методические рекомендации предназначены для руководителей
медицинских организаций и их структурных подразделений, врачейтерапевтов, врачей общей практики, врачей-инфекционистов, врачейпедиатров, врачей-акушеров-гинекологов, врачей-реаниматологов отделений
интенсивной терапии инфекционных стационаров, врачей
скорой медицинской помощи, а также иных специалистов, работающих
в сфере организации оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с COVID-19.more
Community health nurses have the potential to make significant contributions to meet the health care needs of various population groups in a variety of community settings. In order to assess the extent to which CHNs are achieving this potential, WHO conducted a study between 2010 and 2014 that exami...ned the status of community health nursing in 22 countries, 13 of which were experiencing a critical shortage of health care workers. The study revealed that the countries surveyed had the basic and operational framework for optimizing CHN in their health systems as evidenced by the availability of PHC structures to guide interventions. However, challenges were identified related to the education, practice and management of CHNs in these countries. The major challenges identified were: Limited availability of career opportunities; poor worker retention; low recognition for CHNs; inadequate and unsupportive working conditions and environments; absence of educational standards; varying educational entry-level requirements for CHN programmes; and a lack of consensus on the scope of practice for CHNs.more
Community health workers (CHWs) play a significant role in Primary health Care due to their proximity to households, communities and the health care system. Many studies focus on CHWs and the work they do. However, few have examined their experiences and identity and how that might influence how the...y view and perform their roles. The objectives of the study were to: Describe the role of CHWs in community-based health care in Northern Cape, Identify the perceived barriers and enablers to CHWs role performance, Explore CHWs views regarding the support from the communities and the formal healthcare system in Northern Cape. An exploratory qualitative design using focus groups was adopted. Forty-six (46) CHWs were purposively selected using the critical case sampling approach. Data were collected through three focus group interviews in three regions. Analysis followed the Graneheim & Lundman thematic analysis. Three themes emerged from data: perceived contribution to Primary Health Care, recognition of CHWs role, measures to improve working conditions. Findings showed that CHWs were engaged in various health and social care roles, they believed that they made a significant contribution to PHC, and that the health system persistently relied on their services. The enabler for finding meaning in their work was the positive community response and the good relations they had with the team leaders. The major barrier was the structure of the CHWs programme and the perceived lack of support by the government. The complex issues CHWs address in the community call for a review of their roles and workload as well as the support they receive from the formal healthcare system.more
SARS-CoV-2 infections among children and adolescents cause less severe illness and fewer deaths compared to adults. While a less severe course of infection is a positive outcome, there are concerns that mild symptoms may have led to less testing, resulting in fewer identified cases of COVID-19 in ch...ildren. If children with mild or no symptoms transmit the disease, they may act as drivers of transmission within their communities. Understanding symptoms, infectivity and patterns of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in children and adolescents is essential for developing, adapting and improving control measures for COVID-19 across all ages. This is a summary of the current knowledge around SARS-CoV-2 infection acquisition and transmission and COVID-19 disease symptoms in children and adolescents. It aims to inform decisions, based on local contexts, on how to best keep schools, kindergarten and day-care facilities open and what advice to apply to intergenerational mixing.more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a multifaceted, international public health problem, which poses a direct threat to the safety of the population of South Africa. A national response is required to complement the development of a global plan, as articulated in the WHO’s draft resolution EB134/37 ...“Combating antimicrobial resistance including antibiotic resistance”, adopted by theWorld Health Assembly in May 2014. The overuse of antimicrobials is driving resistance. A return to appropriate, targeted antimicrobial use in humans, animals and the environment is critical if we are to conserve the antimicrobial armamentarium. Various interventions have been put in place to address antimicrobial resistance in South Africa. However, these are insufficient to effectively tackle the threat faced by the country. The strengths of the current system are outweighed by its weaknesses.more
The COVID-19 HEalth caRe wOrkErs Study (HEROES): Regional Report from the Americas is a multicenter prospective cohort study to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in 26 countries on four continents and how it is affected by several factors at diffe...rent interrelated levels: individual, family, occupational, and social. This brief report presents the evidence generated from the baseline survey of 11 participating countries in the Region of the Americas. Using validated scales, the findings show high rates of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and psychological distress in several countries of the Region. The spirit of the project is not only to generate quality scientific evidence on the mental health of health care workers, but also to help develop interventions (both individual and institutional) and policies to address the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health.more
Buruli ulcer caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans is a neglected tropical disease characterized by extensive ulceration involving predominantly the upper and lower limbs of patients. The disease is common in rural tropical communities in West and Central Africa, where access to proper health care is lim...ited. Pathogenesis of the characteristic painless ulcers is linked to the elaboration by M. ulcerans of a lipid toxin called mycolactone that has potent cytopathic, immunosuppressive, and analgesic effects on a host of cells in cutaneous tissues. Mycolactone is known to profoundly inhibit secretion of a plethora of proteins that are essential for wound healing. Even though a combination antibacterial therapy of streptomycin and rifampicin for 8 weeks is effective for treatment, it relies on good and appropriate wound management to prevent secondary bacterial infections and improve healing. Evidence-based interventions for wound care in Buruli ulcer disease are often lacking and have relied on expert advice and recommendations. Surgical interventions are limited to debridement of necrotic tissue and grafting of extensive ulcers, usually after antibiotic therapy. Patients’ rehabilitation is an important component of care to reduce disabilities associated with the disease and proper integration into the community after treatment.more
Pathogens . 2021 Nov 16;10(11):1493.doi: 10.3390/pathogens10111493
.Chronic manifestations of Chagas disease present as disabling and life-threatening condi-tions affecting mainly the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. Although meaningful research has outlined the different molecular mech...anisms underlying Trypanosoma cruzi’s infection and the host-parasite interactions that follow, prompt diagnosis and treatment remain a challenge, particu-larly in developing countries and also in those where the disease is considered non-endemic. This review intends to present an up-to-date review of the parasite’s life cycle, genetic diversity, virulence factors, and infective mechanisms, as well as the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options of the main chronic complications of Chagas disease.more
The Practical manual on laboratory strengthening, 2022 update provides practical guidance on implementation of WHO recommendations and best practices for TB laboratory strengthening. It is an updated version of the GLI Practical Guide to Laboratory Strengthening published in 2017 and provides the la...test practical guidance on use of newly recommended diagnostics as well as guidance in key technical areas, including quality assurance and quality management systems, specimen collection and registration, procurement and supply-chain management, diagnostic connectivity, biosafety, data management, human resources, strategic planning, and model algorithms. The key changes are:
inclusion of recent or updated WHO recommendations for tests to diagnose TB and detect drug resistance;
alignment with the latest WHO critical concentrations for phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing (DST) and the new definitions of pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB;
updated information on building quality-assured TB testing and management capacity using the Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) approach (Score-TB package1);
updated information on assessing, analysing and optimising TB diagnostic networks; and
updated information on the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect mutations associated with drug resistance for surveillance purposes.
The document also provides references to resources and tools relevant for work on laboratory strengthening.more
Report of the WHO/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Consultation. The Consultation was organized back-to-back with the first annual meeting of the International Coordinating Group of the BMGF-funded project for human and dog rabies elimination in developing countries, held at WHO headquarters, Geneva,... Switzerland, from 5 to 7 October 2009. This allowed the Consultation to benefit from the participation of the national coordinators and advisers of the BMGF-funded projects in the Philippines, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal) and the United Republic of Tanzaniamore