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Significant progress has been made in the eradication of three priority diseases in the African Region, as a result of extensive collaboration between the Regional Office, WHO country offices and countries. For example, in August 2020, the region wa
...
s certified free of wild poliovirus. In the area of neglected tropical diseases, Guinea worm disease is on the verge of eradication, and 12 member states are within reach of being certified as having eradicated yaws by the end of this year.
more
Building on the 2021 Interim guidance, this second version and update, incorporates the lessons and feedback from the hepatitis pilots that successfully demonstrated the feasibility of measuring hepatitis B and C impact targets to demonstrate elimination, whilst highlighting challenges caused by hig
...
h disease burden in some countries, as well as delays in reaching mortality targets due to the long natural history of disease progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
The path to elimination provides a framework with 3 levels of achievements for which WHO certification is available. Each stepwise progression from bronze to silver to gold tiers will promote an iterative expansion of prevention, diagnosis and treatment services for viral hepatitis services and strengthen measurement systems to support attainment of the 2030 elimination goals.
This updated version also includes changes, clarifications and new guidance on alternative measurement approaches for country validation of elimination. Through the validation process, WHO and partners continue to provide country support for strengthening health system capacity and patient-centred services that respect and protect the human rights of people living with viral hepatitis and ensures meaningful engagement of communities in the national, regional and global viral hepatitis response.
more
People affected by impairments and disabilities associated with TB are even more likely to belong to marginalized segments of society and are more likely to have their human rights unprotected. The challenges faced by people affected by TB include the consequences of impairment and disability associ
...
ated with the disease, its treatment as well as with the stigma and discrimination applied to people affected by TB. There is now compelling evidence that the disease and its treatment affect quality of life and life expectancy even after successful treatment.
The WHO Global Tuberculosis Programme has produced the first policy brief on TB-associated disability, building on the increasing evidence in recent years on the unaddressed needs of people with TB who experience impairment and disability while on TB treatment and after completing TB treatment.
more
Prompt, effective antimalarial treatment, and supportive care can substantially reduce the rate of mortality from severe malaria. However, many children in malaria-endemic countries do not have access to health facilities or a qualified
...
health care provider and do not receive the necessary care in a timely fashion. Without rapid detection of danger signs and access to effective treatment, including pre-referral treatment that can be administered in the community level, many of these children with severe malaria die.
In situations where there is no immediate access to a health care facility, WHO recommends the administration of a standard dose of an effective antimalarial medicine as pre-referral treatment before referral to a facility at which complete treatment can be administered.
Rectal artesunate is the WHO-recommended pre-referral intervention in situations where artesunate injection are not feasible for children under the age of 6 years with suspected severe malaria. The intervention reduces the risk of death or permanent disability by up to 50% provided the child is referred to a health facility at which complete treatment can be administered.
This field guide is aimed at supporting the effective deployment of RAS as pre-referral treatment of suspected severe malaria in line with the WHO malaria guidelines.
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WHO has updated its guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics, with revised recommendations for patients with non-severe COVID-19. This is the 13th update to these guidelines.
Updated risk rates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID
...
-19
The guidance includes updated risk rates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19.
The current COVID-19 virus variants tend to cause less severe disease while immunity levels are higher due to vaccination, leading to lower risks of severe illness and death for most patients.
This update includes new baseline risk estimates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The new ‘moderate risk’ category now includes people previously considered to be high risk including older people and/or those with chronic conditions, disabilities, and comorbidities of chronic disease. The updated risk estimates will assist healthcare professionals to identify individuals at high, moderate or low risk of hospital admission, and to tailor treatment according to WHO guidelines:
**High: **People who are immunosuppressed remain at higher risk if they contract COVID-19, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 6%.
**Moderate: **People over 65 years old, those with conditions like obesity, diabetes and/or chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kidney or liver disease, cancer, people with disabilities and those with comorbidities of chronic disease are at moderate risk, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 3%.
Low: Those who are not in the high or moderate risk categories are at low risk of hospitalization (0.5%). Most people are low risk.
Review of COVID-19 treatments for people with non-severe COVID-19
WHO continues to strongly recommend nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (also known by its brand name ‘Paxlovid’) for people at high-risk and moderate risk of hospitalization. The recommendations state that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is considered the best choice for most eligible patients, given its therapeutic benefits, ease of administration and fewer concerns about potential harms. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was first recommended by WHO in April 2022.
If nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is not available to patients at high-risk of hospitalization, WHO suggests the use of molnupiravir or remdesivir instead.
WHO suggests against the use of molnupiravir and remdesivir for patients at moderate risk, judging the potential harms to outweigh the limited benefits in patients at moderate risk of hospital admission.
For people at low risk of hospitalization, WHO does not recommend any antiviral therapy. Symptoms like fever and pain can continue to be managed with analgesics like paracetamol.
WHO also recommends against use of a new antiviral (VV116) for patients, except in clinical trials.
The update also includes a strong recommendation against the use of ivermectin for patients with non-severe COVID-19. WHO continues to advise that in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, ivermectin should only be used in clinical trials.
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Response to the Periodic EpidemicThe document "Zanzibar's Victory Against Cholera Epidemic" details the successful efforts taken by Zanzibar to control and eliminate cholera outbreaks. It highlights the strategies implemented, including improved water and sanitation infrastructure, public
...
health campaigns, vaccination programs, and rapid response measures. The report emphasizes community engagement, government commitment, and international partnerships as key factors in combating the disease. Zanzibar's experience serves as a model for other regions facing similar public health challenges, demonstrating that sustained efforts in hygiene, disease surveillance, and emergency preparedness can effectively control cholera epidemics.
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World Health Organization. Country Office for Timor-Leste. (2020). National strategic plan for ending TB 2020--2024.
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World Health Organization. Country Office for Timor-Leste.
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This updated manual provides a basic understanding of the principles of laboratory and point-of-care (POC) testing in the context of screening and diagnostic approaches, as well as antimicrobial susceptibility testing, as components of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) control. As with previous
...
editions, this manual covers each disease in a separate chapter which provides detailed information on specimen collection, transport and laboratory testing. Two useful annexes covering media, reagents, diagnostic tests and stains (recipes) and laboratory supplies are included at the end of the manual.
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According to the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 66% of Nepali households use mainly solid fuel for cooking on inefficient stoves. Incomplete fuel combustion of solid fuels emits greenhouse gases and harmful smoke, contributing to climate
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change, forest degradation, ill health and preventable deaths. Further, the physical burden and time necessary to collect wood for fuel is borne primarily by women and children, thus compromising their productive time, such as social activities and education.
more
This report describes the results of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LAO PDR) National WASH Survey 2021. The survey examined water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and waste management services, as well as climate resilience, in Lao PDR health
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-care facilities. The survey reveals that while most facilities (70%) have basic water services, there are significant gaps in the delivery of sanitation, hygiene and health-care waste services, and few facilities are climate resilient, despite a majority being impacted by extreme weather events. Based on these results, the report presents a monitoring framework and national- and HCF-level measures to further enhance WASH services and climate resilience in the country.
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Health innovation is the creation and implementation of novel processes, products, programmes, policies or systems that lead to transformations or improvements in health and equity. This is the firs
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t instalment of "Innovation for Health," a knowledge product series dedicated to showcasing health innovation in the Western Pacific and the roles governments can play. This case study documents the health innovation aimed at achieving equity in access to cataract surgical services in Malaysia, examines its enablers and barriers for further scaling up, and serves as a reference for Member States seeking new approaches to decentralize and deliver services to the unreached.
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To address the health challenges brought about by the changing food environment and high salt intake, WHO China, jointly with the National Institute for Nutrition and
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Health of China CDC and Tsinghua University, conducted an innovative study that applied nudge-based interventions to promote lower salt dish options on a Chinese meal delivery app in 2020-2022.
more
Le programme des services de santé communautaire sert de programme phare pour la prestation des soins de
santé primaires en Éthiopie. Cependant, sa mise en œuvre s’est heurtée à divers obstacles au niveau du système
de santé. En présentant des stratégies porteuses de transformation, la
...
feuille de route pour l’optimisation
du programme des services de santé communautaire (2020-2035) offre une occasion de restructurer et de
normaliser l’approche de prestation de services du programme afin d’en assurer la durabilité et l’impact à long
terme
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Situation update
HIV epidemic and response in Latin America and the Caribbean: PPT
This checklist is an operational tool to help national authorities develop or revise national respiratory pathogen (inclusive of influenza and coronaviruses) pandemic preparedness plans.
Men experience increased risk of morbidity and mortality across all ten major contributors to poor health and continue to lag behind women regarding HIV services and other health outcomes. Globally,
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men now account for the majority of new HIV infections. In 2022, only 72% of men living with HIV (aged 15 years or older) had access to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) compared to 82% of women living with HIV in the same age range.
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Document provides basic information on Hypertension (symptoms, risk factors, complications, treatment) in a descriptive way.
The document provides inforation on tobacco use (health effects, quitting, benefits of quitting, e-cigarettes etc.) in a descriptive way.
The document provides information on stroke (definition, risk factors, symptoms etc.) in a descriptive way.
