Search database
LIST OPTIONS
Filter
262
Filtered Results: 262
Text search: matérial didactico
Featured
Language
Document type
No document type
137
Guidelines
47
Studies & Reports
24
Manuals
23
Training Material
12
Strategic & Response Plan
12
Situation Updates
2
Resource Platforms
2
Infographics
2
Fact sheets
1
Countries / Regions
Paraguay
16
Latin America and the Carribbean
12
Argentina
10
Venezuela
9
Kenya
8
Malawi
7
Global
7
El Salvador
6
Nigeria
6
Philippines
6
Tanzania
6
Uganda
6
Colombia
5
Chile
5
Brazil
5
India
5
Mozambique
4
Bolivia
4
Rwanda
3
Western and Central Europe
3
Bangladesh
3
South Africa
3
Namibia
3
Ethiopia
3
Zambia
3
Liberia
3
Nepal
2
Thailand
2
Lesotho
2
Cameroon
2
Zimbabwe
2
Africa
2
Congo, Democratic Republic of
2
South–East Asia Region
2
Eastern Europe
2
Eswatini/ Swaziland
2
Tajikistan
1
Timor Leste/ East Timor
1
Ghana
1
Sierra Leone
1
Peru
1
Guinea
1
Italy
1
Haiti
1
Asia
1
Germany
1
Central African Republic
1
Angola
1
South Sudan
1
Ecuador
1
Pakistan
1
Guatemala
1
Authors & Publishers
World Health Organization WHO
19
World Health Organization
11
et al.
10
World Health Organization (WHO)
9
USAID
8
UNICEF
7
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO
6
EngenderHealth
5
Ministerio de Salud Argentina
4
Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS
4
UNESCO
4
WHO
4
World Health Organisation (WHO)
4
Christoffel Blinden Mission (CBM)
3
Department of Health (DOH) Philippines
3
Ministerio de Educación y Ciencias - UNICEF Paraguay
3
Ministerio de Salud Chile
3
Ministry of Health, Rwanda
3
Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria
2
Ministerio de Salud, Bolivia
2
Ministry of Health, Kenya
2
Ministry of Health, Malawi
2
Organización Panamericana de la Salud
2
Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Ministerio de la Salud Pública y Bienestar Social, Paraguay et al.
2
PAHO
2
PEPFAR
2
Save the Children
2
Shaun Grech
2
UN Children's Fund UNICEF
2
Wiedenmayer, K. et al.
2
A. Baumann, C. Hofstetter, et al.
1
A. Ronan
1
AAGBI Foundation
1
Abdulmalik, J.
1
Adams, J.
1
Adebowale T., Umukoro O., Gater R., et al.
1
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
1
African Union
1
African Union of the Blind (AFUB), Cameroon National Association for the Blind (CNAB)
1
AIDSFree
1
AIDSFree Project
1
Anayda Portela, Helen Smith, Cicely Marston
1
and C. Hoffmann
1
and D. Samarashinghe
1
APMG Health
1
Arakaki-Sanchez
1
Ashdin Publishing Journal of Drig and Alcohol Research
1
Asociación Colombiana de Infectiologiá ACIN
1
Avaria, A. et al.
1
Awusabo-Asare, K.
1
Bagattini AM, de Melo Tavares B, Garcia Moraes Pagano C, et al.
1
Balaji, V., P. Rupali, K. Walia, et al.
1
Bangladesh Nursing Council
1
Barrera l., Imaz M. S., et al.
1
BBC Media Action
1
Beckmann, P.J.
1
Benítez M. A., Martín E. P. S. et al.
1
Bloomberg Philanthropic
1
Budreviciute, A.
1
C. Redick
1
Cash R et al.
1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
1
Cepaz, Acion Solidaria, Convite, CodeVita, et al.
1
Chișinău
1
Christoffel-Blindenmission (CBM)
1
Cindil Redick& annah Sarah Faich Dini
1
CMAM Forum
1
Colombia. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social
1
Comité Permanente Interagencial
1
Confederación Boliviana de la Persona con Discapacidad
1
Cooper et al. BMC Medicine
1
Cotton, M., et al.
1
D.
1
D. Mark
1
Damiati, S.
1
Darika Saingam
1
De Brouwere V., Zinnen V., Delvaux T.
1
Departement of Health, Philippines
1
Department of Child Health and Adolescent Health (CAH)
1
Department of Health (DOH)
1
Department of Health (DOH), Republic of the Philippines
1
Desogus, A.
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Tropenchirurgie
1
DHHS Publication
1
Disability Rights Promotion International
1
Dr. M. Kavtaradze
1
Dr. S. Ciobanu
1
E. Abrams
1
Ecuador, Ministerio de Salud Pública
1
Education 2030
1
Engagement Global
1
Ethnomedizinisches Zentrum e.V.
1
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
1
EVA JACQUELINE ETONGUE MAYER
1
F. Dockhorn Costa Johansen
1
F. Samuels
1
Fadahunsi, W.
1
Federal Ministry of Health, Ethiopia
1
Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK)
1
Fernández C.
1
Fistula Care
1
Fleischer, K. et al.
1
Fondo de Poblaciones de las Naciones Unidas - UNFPA
1
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
1
Forsyth, C.
1
G. Zulema Torres
1
German Bishops' Conference Research Group on International Church Affairs
1
Global Healp
1
Global Health Workforce Alliance
1
Gobierno Bolivariano de Venezuela, et al.
1
Gobierno Bolivariano de Venezuela, UNICEF, et al.
1
Gobierno Nacional
1
Gonzales N., et al.
1
Government of Tanzania
1
Guttmacher Institute
1
Guzman C., Potter T.
1
H. S. Faich Dini
1
H. Soeters
1
Hannah Faal, Rènée du Toit, Henrietta Monye, Ronnie Graham
1
Hassiotis, A.
1
Health Policy Plus
1
Health Research Policy and Systems
1
Health Systems Trust
1
Hernández Serrano, P.
1
Hijazi, Z.
1
HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH
1
IACAPAP
1
IAPB Africa
1
IASC
1
ICAP
1
ICAP Columbia University (Mailman School of Public Health)
1
ICAP Nurse Capacity Initiative
1
ILEP
1
ILEP International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations
1
ILO
1
Indian Council of Medical Research
1
Instituto de Previsíon Social
1
Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE)
1
Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies
1
International Coll. Essential Surgery
1
International council of Nurses
1
International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA)
1
IntraHealth International
1
J. - P. Raynaud
1
J. Vujcic, L.Blum, and P.K.Ram
1
J.M.Mangan, Z. Tillova, et al.
1
J.O’Donovan, K. Kabali, C. Taylor, et al.
1
Javier Segura del Pozo
1
Jesuit Refugee Service
1
Jilian A Sacks, Elizabeth Zehe, Cindil Redick et al.
1
José, F.
1
Journal of Psychiatry
1
Julián-Jiménez, A.
1
K. Gryboski, N.V. Yinger
1
Kabue M., Kasungami D., et al. ,
1
Kamps, B.S.
1
Khan, Ayesha
1
Khdr Sabir, D. et al.
1
KINGDOM OF SWAZILAND Ministry of Health
1
Knipper, M.
1
Knox Centre for Ministry & Leadership
1
Kola, L.
1
L. Barrera
1
L. Cailhol
1
L. Gicquel
1
L. Gujral, M. Benigna Matsinhe, M. Eusébio Luis, et al.
1
L.-A. Long
1
La Confederación Sindical Única de Trabajadores Campesinos de Bolivia, Consejo Nacional de Ayllus y Markas del Qullasuyu, et al
1
La Sociedad Argentina de Infectología S.A.D.I.
1
Larrson, I.
1
LINKAGES, L., Regional Centre for Quality of Health Care, R. and United Nations Children's Fund , U.
1
Llyod, A.
1
Lucinda Ramos
1
M. D. S. de Latini
1
M. Fabiola Arias, et al.
1
M. Miller, K. Likjedahl, et al.
1
M. Stillman, S. Keogh, et al.
1
M.Serfaty, K. Azam, et al.
1
Majumdar, P. and Fagan, T.
1
Management Sciences for Health
1
Maryanne Stone-Jimenez
1
Maternal Health Division Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
1
Maternal Health Division Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India
1
Meike J. Schleif, Iain Aitken , et al.
1
Mews, C.
1
Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)
1
mGAP
1
Michelle Jimenez
1
Mike Wessells
1
Miller, C.
1
Milo P., Karutu C., Abwao P., Mbaabu S., Munene I.
1
Minesterio de Salud
1
Ministerio de Educacion Paraguay
1
Ministerio de Education Argentina
1
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
1
Ministerio de Salud Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador
1
Ministerio de Salud El Salvador
1
Ministerio de Salud Guatemala, UNICEF
1
Ministerio de salud pública y bienestar social
1
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay
1
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay: Organización Panamericana de la Salud, et al.
1
Ministerio de Salud Pública, Paraguay
1
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud, Bogota, Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud, Chile
1
Ministerio de Salud, El Salvador
1
Ministerio de Salud, Peru
1
Ministerio de Salud, Presidencia de la Nación, Argentina
1
Ministerio der Salud Argentina
1
Ministerul sănătăţii al republicii Moldova
1
Ministério da Saúde
1
Ministério da Saúde (MISAU) e Institudo Nacional de Estatística (INE)
1
Ministério da saúde secretaria de Vigilância em saúde departamento de Vigilância das doenças transmissíveis, Brasil
1
Ministério da Saúde, Direcção Nacional de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia,
1
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasil
1
Ministra de Salud y Desarrollo Social, Argentina
1
Ministrerio das Saude do Brasil
1
Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Zimbabwe
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, The United Republic of Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health, Zambia
1
Mohan P. Joshi Malaïka Ludman Dan Kibuule, et al.
1
mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
N. Abera, T. Saballa, et al.
1
N. Tohnain, E. Tamajong
1
Nacif Pimenta, D.
1
Naciones Unidas El Salvador
1
Naciones Unidas, EHP
1
National Centre for AIDS and STD Control (NCASC)
1
National Health Ministry for Health and Family Welfare
1
National Institute of Health and Family Welfare New Delhi
1
NHS England
1
Nieto-Sanchez C., Hatley DM, Gijalva MJ., Peeters Grietens K, Bates BR
1
Nunn, Marc
1
One Million Community Health Workers Campaign | mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
One Million Community Worker Campaign
1
ONUSIDA
1
Oranizatión Panamerica de la Salud
1
Organización Mundial de la Salud
1
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), Federación Internacional Farmacéutica (FIP)
1
Organización Panamerica de la Salud
1
Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud
1
Organizaición Mundial de la Salud Américas
1
Oxfam
1
PAHO Pan American Health Organization, Enfant du Monde
1
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, OPS
1
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
1
Pata
1
Phafoli, Semakaleng et al.
1
Philipps,J.A., et al.
1
PLOS Medicine
1
President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)
1
Profeta da Luz, Z.
1
Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis, Paraguay
1
PRONASIDA
1
PRONASIDA, et al.
1
Puibello, A.
1
R. and Coimbra Brito
1
R.H. Dios, et al
1
Rabello, A.
1
Ranaweera, S.
1
Rational Pharmaceutical Management Plus Program
1
Redding, G.
1
Regional Office for Africa
1
República bolivariana de Venezuela, Naciones Unidas
1
República Democrática de Timor-Leste
1
S. Lazzari and G. Kiesner
1
Salud Entre Culturas
1
Sanmatino, M.
1
Sasser S,Varghese M, Kellermann A, Lormand JD.
1
Schall, V.
1
Scientific and Cultural Organization
1
scientific Electronic Libary Online SciElO
1
Scott, C.
1
Sequeira, M.D.
1
SIAPS
1
Sistema nacional de Protección Social
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action: A Communication for Development Platform
1
Speier, A.H.
1
Stender, Stacie
1
Stop TB Partnership
1
T. Colton
1
T.Samudio, P.Ovelar, et al.
1
Tamara Adrián-Hernandez,Elham Atalla, George Ayala et al.
1
Tania Herrera M.
1
Tanzania Food and Drugs Authority
1
TFDA
1
The Department of Clinical Services, Ministry of Health Government of Uganda
1
The Government of Malawi
1
The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
1
The Republic of Montenegro
1
The Union
1
UN Enivronemnt Programme UNEP
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees
1
UNESCO Publishing (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
1
UNFPA, Defensoría del pueblo
1
UNICEF, OMS
1
United Nations Educational
1
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1
Univ. Namibia
1
University of Buffalo
1
USAID & WHO
1
USAID America
1
V. Allread
1
Valdez Cazeneuve, R.
1
Vivamos sin tuberculosis
1
Wandabwa, M.S.
1
Wapling, L.
1
Wessells, M., Kostelny, K., and Ondoro, K.
1
Western Pacific Region
1
WFP
1
WHO, Path, et al.
1
Wilkinson, S.
1
Word Health Organization
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)
1
World Health Organization Europe
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Europe
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe
1
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Zohra S. Lassi, George Pariyo and Luis Huicho
1
Publication Years
Category
Guidelines
30
Capacity Building
25
Studies & Reports
24
Policies & Guidelines HIV & TB
23
Women & Child Health
18
COVID-19
11
Community Health
9
Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
9
Maternal Health
8
Community Health
7
Policies
7
Maternal & Child Health
6
Humanitarian Crisis
5
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
5
Child Health
4
Disabilities
4
Surgery & Anaesthesia
4
TB
4
Mental Health
3
HIV & STI
3
Pharmacy & Technology
2
Diabetes
2
Humanitarian Aid
2
Maternal Health
2
Sexual Violence
2
Pediatrics
2
Vaccine-preventable Diseases
2
Child protection
2
Clinical Guidelines
2
Yellow Fever
2
Demograhic Health Surveys DHS
2
Statistics
2
General Guidelines
2
Communicable Diseases
2
NTDs & Others
2
Non-communicable Diseases
2
Disease Prevention & Control
2
Clinical Training
1
Under-5 nutrition
1
Disaster Preparedness
1
Online Courses & Platforms
1
Dermatology
1
General Guidelines
1
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
1
Infection Control & Prevention (IPC)
1
Violence against Children
1
Training Manuals
1
Diarrhoeal Disease/Cholera
1
Drugs & Medical Equipment
1
Other
1
Diarrhoea
1
Immunization
1
Female Genital Mutilation
1
Leprosy
1
Primary Health Care
1
Dengue
1
Parasitology
1
Leishmaniasis
1
Age & Elderly
1
Neonatal Care
1
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
1
Reproductive Health
1
Toolboxes
Country specific documents
10
Pharmacy Practice
5
Mental Health GAP Action Programme
5
Assessment & Studies
4
Prevention & Control
4
Training Supporting Material mhGAP
4
Midwives
4
El Salvador
4
Education
4
Assistive devices & technologies
4
Training
4
Wheelchair Service and Management
3
Curricula & Core Competencies
3
Communication & Training
3
Clinical Guidelines
3
Child Protection
3
Communication Material
3
Studies & Reports
3
Other Countries
3
Argentina
3
Education of students & professionals
3
Reports & Studies
3
Local Action
2
Agriculture & Veterinary
2
Children with Disabilities
2
Moldova
2
Public Health
2
Communication & Training
2
General Studies & Reports
2
Infection Prevention & Hygiene
2
Health Promotion
2
Community Health Workers CHW
2
Nurses
2
Colombia
2
Health Worker
2
Detection & Diagnosis
2
Drug resistant TB
2
Substance Use Disorders & Addiction
2
Disease Prevention & Control
2
AmR (Region of Americas)
2
Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR)
2
Africa
1
Communication & Social Mobilisation
1
Best Practice Models
1
Outbreak Prevention & Control
1
Alcohol
1
Treatment Guidelines
1
Behaviour Change/Life Skill Education
1
Communication & Training
1
General Reports
1
Childhood TB
1
Surveillance
1
Chemical Attacks
1
Europe
1
Intercultural Competence
1
Inclusion
1
Treatment & Prevention
1
Yellow Fever Prevention & Control
1
Preparedness, Response & Risk Communication
1
Country specific
1
Adults
1
Natural Disasters
1
Children & Adolescents
1
Training Manuals
1
Schizophrenia
1
Assessment & Response
1
Social Mobilisation
1
Dengue
1
Refugee
1
General Mental Health Guidelines
1
mhGAP Guides
1
Children with disabilities
1
Laboratory
1
Diabetes
1
IEC Materials
1
IACAPAP International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions
1
Children/Adolescents Mental Disorders
1
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
1
Preparedness, Response & Risk Communication
1
Children
1
Priority Assistive Products
1
Cholera
1
Mental Health Studies & Reports
1
Sustainable Development Goals
1
Manuals
1
Key Resources
1
Prevention & Preparedness
1
Essential List
1
COVID-19
1
Public Health
1
Infection Control General
1
Surveillance & Contact tracing
1
Training, others
1
Country Specific
1
For Migrants & Refugees
1
Appeals and Response Plans
1
For Older People
1
Educational Settings
1
Child Friendly Spaces (CFS)
1
Pastoral Care
1
Children & Mental Health
1
Hospital Readiness/Essential Health Services
1
Long-term Care Facilities
1
Preparedness, Response & Risk Communication
1
TB/COVID-19
1
Vaccine Hesitancy & Myths
1
Caregiver
1
Hygiene
1
Handbooks & Manuals
1
Primary Care
1
Overview
1
Brazil
1
Chile
1
Planetary Health
1
Urban health
1
Quality Assurance
1
Rational use of Medicine
1
HIV &TB
1
Pediatrics
1
Women & Maternal Health
1
Surgery
1
General Guidelines for Rational Use
1
Mental Disorders
1
Education Principles
1
Capacity Building & Resources
1
Studies & Reports
1
Overview, Studies & Reports
1
Online courses
1
Studies & Reports
1
Risk Factors
1
Diagnosis
1
Children's Rights
1
Cerebral Palsy
1
Contact Tracing
1
Community Worker
1
Bipolar Affective Disorders
1
Human Rights & the Right to Health
1
National Emergency Response Plans
1
Policy
1
Asia
1
Global Health Education
1
Roadmaps, Action Plans & Policies
1
Disaster Preparedness & Prevention
1
Stewardship
1
Latin America & the Carribean
1
HIV / AIDS
1
Others
1
Tajikistan
1
Community-based Mental Health Care
1
MHPSS Guidelines
1
Learning Disabilities
1
War, Conflict Areas & Refugees
1
Depression
1
Capacity Building
1
Global Health Ethics
1
Training & Capacity Building
1
Eastern Europe and central Asia
1
Cyclones Idai & Kenneth
1
Preparedness & Prevention
1
Treatment & Clinical Management
1
Teaching the Sustainable Development Goals” provides information about the SDGs, their background, the global reality and offers assistance and suggestions on how to teach and support learning for sustainable development.

Manual of Mental Health for Psychologists

Uday K. Sinha, Devvarta Kumar, Naveen Grover, Jai Prakash, Gouri Shankar Kaloiya National Health Ministry for Health and Family Welfare; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India; WHO (2016) C1
For Mental Health Service Delivery under National Mental Health Programme
As part of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme, WHO has developed training manuals (Training of trainers and supervisors training manual and Training of health-care providers training manual) to support implementation of the mhGAP Intervention Guide for mental, neurological and substance use (MNS... more
School health programmes have been demonstrated to be the most cost-effective way to influence health behaviours in young people. The purpose of this two-part handbook is to support schools as they seek to implement interventions aimed at reducing the main modifiable risk behaviours f... more
This manual presents a compelling case for action on carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) and describes the linkages between the prevention and control of CROs and the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). It describes how the eight recommendations contained within the World Health ... more
This guide provides an overview of the major elements that must be considered before, during and after the implementation of antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) for SARS-CoV-2. This guide is complementary to policy guidance issued by the World Health Organization (WHO). The guide may ... more
This updated step by step guide aims to assist the ministries of health (MoHs) in developing the national action plans for noma prevention and control, with a view to sustainably reducing the incidence of noma as a public health problem through programmes that are fully integrated with national heal... more
La nueva hoja de ruta para poner fin a la TB en la población infantil y adolescente tiene un amplio público destinatario y alentamos a los países a que la adapten en función de su contexto nacional. Se prevé que utilicen la hoja de ruta los encargados de formular políticas a nivel nacional, re... more
This is the sixth of our 11-paper supplement entitled “Community Health Workers at the Dawn of New Era”. Expectations of community health workers (CHWs) have expanded in recent years to encompass a wider array of services to numerous subpopulations, engage communities to collaborate with and to... more
The world is facing an unprecedented range of emergencies. In reaction to these complex adversities, many people experience considerable distress and impairment, and a minority may even go on to develop mental health conditions. Meanwhile, those with pre-existing mental health conditions may experie... more
WHO is launching a “Revised edition, 2021” for the Caring for women subjected to violence: A WHO training curriculum for health-care providers today. The revised edition includes 4 new modules three of which are for health managers to assess and strengthen health facility readiness and one modul... more

Primary Surgery Vol. One: Non-Trauma

Cotton, M., et al. Global Healp; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Tropenchirurgie; International Coll. Essential Surgery (2016) CC
This comprehensive book has established itself as the most useful text for the medical practitioner in poor-resource settings who is obliged to manage surgical cases. It is particularly adapted for those whose surgical experience is basic or minimal. Importantly, it has extensive advice about pitfal... more
Desde hace muchas décadas, los microbios, en particular las bacterias, se han vuelto cada vez más resistentes a diversos antimicrobianos. El aval de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud al Plan de Acción Mundial sobre la resistencia a los antimicrobianos, en mayo de 2015, y la Declaración política d... more
Las guías para la prevención de Infecciones del Sitio Quirúrgico (ISQ) resumen las medidas basadas en la evidencia que han demostrado disminuir su incidencia y mejorar la calidad asistencial de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía. La última revisión local fue realizada en el año 2009, en el mar... more
Objetivos: • Brindar lineamientos conceptualessobre la Fasciolosis e Hidatidosis. • Conocer el ciclo de transmisión de la Fasciolosis e Hidatidosis. • Describir la epidemiología y vía de transmisión de la fasciolosis e hidatidosis. • Conocer y aplicar las medidas de prevención y... more
This technical brief describes the re-affirmed WHO recommendation on ultrasound examination in the context of routine antenatal care and outlines policy and programme implications for translating this recommendation into action at the country level.