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Antimicrobial Resistance Background Document

National Department of Health South Africa (2019) C1

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a multifaceted, international public health problem, which poses a direct threat to the safety of the population of South Africa. A national response is required to complement the development of a global plan, as articulated in the WHO’s draft resolution EB134/37 ... more

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Guidance to facilitate monitoring and evaluation for antimicrobial resistance national action plans

Quadripartite: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; UN Environment Programme UNEP; World Health Organization WHO; World Organisation for Animal Health WAHO (2023) CC

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global human, animal, plant and environment health threat that needs to be addressed by every country. The impacts of AMR are wide-ranging in terms of human health, animal health, food security and safety, environmental effects on ecosystems and biodiversity, and ...socioeconomic development. Just like the climate crisis, AMR poses a significant threat to the delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The response to the AMR crisis has been spearheaded through the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (GAP-AMR), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, in close collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), and formally endorsed by the three organizations’ governing bodies and by the Political Declaration of the high-level meeting of the United Nations General Assembly on AMR in 2016. In 2022, the three organizations officially became the Quadripartite by welcoming the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) into the alliance “to accelerate coordination strategy on human, animal and ecosystem health”. The aim of the GAP-AMR is to ensure the continuity of successful treatment with effective and safe medicines. Its strategic objectives include: • improving the awareness and understanding of AMR; • strengthening the knowledge and evidence base through surveillance and research; • reducing the incidence of infection through effective sanitation, hygiene and infection prevention measures; optimizing the use of antimicrobial medicines in human and animal health; and • developing the economic case for sustainable investment that takes account of the needs of all countries and increasing investment in new medicines, diagnostic tools, vaccines and other interventions. With the adoption of the GAP-AMR, countries agreed to develop national action plans (NAPs) aligned with the GAP-AMR to mainstream AMR interventions nationally. Individually, the Quadripartite took action to advance AMR interventions in their respective sectors. FAO adopted a resolution on AMR recognizing that it poses an increasingly serious threat to public health and sustainable food production, and developed an AMR action plan to support the resolution’s implementation. For its part, WOAH developed a strategy on AMR aligned with the GAP-AMR, acknowledging the importance of a One Health approach to AMR. Similarly, more recently, UNEP’s governing body, the United Nations Environment Assembly, recognized that AMR is a current and increasing threat and a challenge to global health, food security and the sustainable development of all countries, and welcomed the GAP-AMR and the NAPs developed in accordance with its five overarching strategic objectives more

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Plan of Action for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control 2018-2030

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (2018) C_WHO

This Plan envisions a future with the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem as a result of universal access to sexual health and STI prevention services, HPV vaccines, effective screening and precancer treatment services, treatment of invasive cervical cancer, and palliative care... more

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National Guidelines for Glaucoma Eyecare

Ministry of Health Malawi (2021) CC

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. In Malawi, glaucoma accounts for 15.8% of the blindness among people aged 50 years and above. Blindness from glaucoma is preventable with early detection and timely treatment. However, glaucoma management remains a challenge to eye care... more

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Guide for Implementing the Monitoring-Training-Planning (MTP) Approach to Build Skills for Pharmaceutical Management

Rational Pharmaceutical Management Plus Program Management Sciences for Health; USAID (2009) CC

In the mid-1980s, recognizing the limitations of traditional training and that the knowledge and skills acquired are not necessarily applied back in the workplace, MSH developed the Monitoring‐Training-Planning (MTP) approach to assist the Ecuadorian Ministry of Health to implement its Child Survi... more

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Manual for stratifying malaria risk

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (2023) C_WHO

The document titled "Manual for Stratifying Malaria Risk and the Elimination of Foci" by PAHO provides guidance for countries in the Americas on how to systematically assess and classify malaria transmission risk at subnational levels. It outlines a standardized approach to stratification and the id... more

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Tackling malaria in countries hardest hit by the disease: ministerial conference report, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 6 March 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The Malaria Ministerial Conference, co-hosted by WHO and the Government of Cameroon on 6 March 2024, brought together more than 400 stakeholders, including Ministers of Health and senior representatives from the African countries hardest hit by malaria, global health leaders, scientists, civil socie... more

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Rwanda Malaria Strategic Plan 2020–2024

Ministry of Health, Rwanda; Rwanda Biomedical Centre (RBC) Ministry of Health, Republic of Rwanda (2020) C2

The Rwanda Malaria Strategic Plan 2020–2024 outlines Rwanda’s national strategy to reduce malaria morbidity and mortality by at least 50% compared to 2019 levels. The vision is a malaria-free Rwanda contributing to socioeconomic development. The plan includes strengthening prevention through lo... more

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Consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

These consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services (HTS) bring together existing and new guidance on HTS across different settings and populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) first released consolidated guidelines on HTS in 2015, in response to requests from Member States, national pr... more

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National Physical Activity Action Plan 2018-2023

Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health (2018) CC

Although Kenyans enjoy comparatively good health, the prevalence of chronic disease is increasing and our ageing population is placing evergrowing pressures on the finite resources of our health system.

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Sierra Leone: National Strategy Plan for Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Ministry of Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone (2018) C_WHO

Antimicrobials have been a critical public health tool since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, saving the lives of millions of people around the world. Today, however, the emergence of drug resistance is reversing the miracles of the past eighty years, with drug choices for the treatment of many ... more

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Population and Individual Approach to the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Obesity

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2011) C_WHO

The Resolution Population and Individual Approaches to the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Obesity was approved by the 48th Directing Council of the Pan American Health Organization, September 29- October 3, 2008, in response to the epidemic of obesity and diabetes currently affecting the ... more

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National Guidelines for Accreditation, Supervision and Regulation of ART Clinics in India

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India; Indian Council of Medical Research; National Academy of Medical Sciences (2005) C1

Combination file of all the documents related to the national guidelines for accreditation, supervision and regulation of ART clinics in India. Documents included: National Guidelines for Accreditation, Supervision & Regulation of ART Clinics in India | Preliminary Pages | Corrigendum | Chapter 1 ... more

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Surgical approaches to the urogenital manifestations of lymphatic filariasis

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO

During the 17 years since Surgical approaches to the urogenital manifestations of lymphatic filariasis was first published, there has been heightened awareness of the physical, economic and emotional burden of the genitourinary manifestations of filariasis. With the impetus to provide better guidanc... more

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Training Works! What You Need to Know About Managing, Designing, Delivering, and Evaluating Group-Based Training

Jhpiego, Population Leadership Program, IntraHealth International, TRG, Family Health International (2003)

Document on key points needed to design, manage, deliver and evaluate training You can also find a spanish and french version here: http://reprolineplus.org/resources/training-works-what-you-need-know-about-managing-designing-delivering-and-evaluating-group

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Integrated Managment of Malaria Training

Ministry of Health, Republic of Uganda (2019) CC

This manual is designed to provide comprehensive malaria case management training for health workers at all levels, including clinical, nursing, dispensing, laboratory and records staff. The training covers the use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and the treatment of severe malaria. The fiv... more

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Republic of South Africa: Antimicrobial Resistance National Strategy Framework 2018 – 2024

Departments of Health and Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for the Republic of South Africa (2014) C_WHO

The National Department of Health and Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have collectively engaged to determine the key interventions that will form the basis for this strategy taking into account the recommendations from the WHO and OIE. The development and implementation of a Natio... more

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Lil Mosquito, Big Problem Campaign: Phase II

Breakthrough ACTION Guyana; Ministry of Health of Guyana (2025) C1

In 2023, Breakthrough ACTION and Guyana’s Ministry of Health refined the 'Lil Mosquito, Big Problem' malaria campaign using human-centred design. Phase II introduced peer-led videos (Miners' Buzz), community champions, incentives for volunteer testers and a transport network to improve supply deli... more

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Alleviating the Burden of Responsibility: Men as Providers of Community-Based HIV/AIDS Care and Support in Lesotho

Newman C Capacity Project (2009) C2

Capacity Project Gender Research Brief | In Lesotho, as in many other countries, the HIV and AIDS care burden falls on the shoulders of women and girls in unpaid, invisible household and community work. This gender inequity in HRH needs to be addressed to ensure fair and sustainable responses to the... more

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A case study of the Uganda National Minimum Healthcare Package

Kadowa, Isaac Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET) (2017) C1

Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET): Disussion Paper 110
This report compiles evidence from published, grey literature and key informants on the UNMHCP since its introduction in Uganda’s health system, and findings were further validated during a oneda... more